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+//! A `Subscriber` for formatting and logging `tracing` data.
+//!
+//! # Overview
+//!
+//! [`tracing`] is a framework for instrumenting Rust programs with context-aware,
+//! structured, event-based diagnostic information. This crate provides an
+//! implementation of the [`Subscriber`] trait that records `tracing`'s `Event`s
+//! and `Span`s by formatting them as text and logging them to stdout.
+//!
+//! # Usage
+//!
+//! First, add this to your `Cargo.toml` file:
+//!
+//! ```toml
+//! [dependencies]
+//! tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
+//! ```
+//!
+//! *Compiler support: [requires `rustc` 1.49+][msrv]*
+//!
+//! [msrv]: super#supported-rust-versions
+//!
+//! Add the following to your executable to initialize the default subscriber:
+//! ```rust
+//! use tracing_subscriber;
+//!
+//! tracing_subscriber::fmt::init();
+//! ```
+//!
+//! ## Filtering Events with Environment Variables
+//!
+//! The default subscriber installed by `init` enables you to filter events
+//! at runtime using environment variables (using the [`EnvFilter`]).
+//!
+//! The filter syntax is a superset of the [`env_logger`] syntax.
+//!
+//! For example:
+//! - Setting `RUST_LOG=debug` enables all `Span`s and `Event`s
+//! set to the log level `DEBUG` or higher
+//! - Setting `RUST_LOG=my_crate=trace` enables `Span`s and `Event`s
+//! in `my_crate` at all log levels
+//!
+//! **Note**: This should **not** be called by libraries. Libraries should use
+//! [`tracing`] to publish `tracing` `Event`s.
+//!
+//! # Configuration
+//!
+//! You can configure a subscriber instead of using the defaults with
+//! the following functions:
+//!
+//! ### Subscriber
+//!
+//! The [`FmtSubscriber`] formats and records `tracing` events as line-oriented logs.
+//! You can create one by calling:
+//!
+//! ```rust
+//! let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+//! // ... add configuration
+//! .finish();
+//! ```
+//!
+//! You can find the configuration methods for [`FmtSubscriber`] in
+//! [`SubscriberBuilder`].
+//!
+//! ## Formatters
+//!
+//! The output format used by the layer and subscriber in this module is
+//! represented by implementing the [`FormatEvent`] trait, and can be
+//! customized. This module provides a number of formatter implementations:
+//!
+//! * [`format::Full`]: The default formatter. This emits human-readable,
+//! single-line logs for each event that occurs, with the current span context
+//! displayed before the formatted representation of the event. See
+//! [here](format::Full#example-output) for sample output.
+//!
+//! * [`format::Compact`]: A variant of the default formatter, optimized for
+//! short line lengths. Fields from the current span context are appended to
+//! the fields of the formatted event. See
+//! [here](format::Compact#example-output) for sample output.
+//!
+//! * [`format::Pretty`]: Emits excessively pretty, multi-line logs, optimized
+//! for human readability. This is primarily intended to be used in local
+//! development and debugging, or for command-line applications, where
+//! automated analysis and compact storage of logs is less of a priority than
+//! readability and visual appeal. See [here](format::Pretty#example-output)
+//! for sample output.
+//!
+//! * [`format::Json`]: Outputs newline-delimited JSON logs. This is intended
+//! for production use with systems where structured logs are consumed as JSON
+//! by analysis and viewing tools. The JSON output is not optimized for human
+//! readability. See [here](format::Json#example-output) for sample output.
+//!
+//! ### Customizing Formatters
+//!
+//! The formatting of log lines for spans and events is controlled by two
+//! traits, [`FormatEvent`] and [`FormatFields`]. The [`FormatEvent`] trait
+//! determines the overall formatting of the log line, such as what information
+//! from the event's metadata and span context is included and in what order.
+//! The [`FormatFields`] trait determines how fields — both the event's
+//! fields and fields on spans — are formatted.
+//!
+//! The [`fmt::format`] module provides several types which implement these traits,
+//! many of which expose additional configuration options to customize their
+//! output. The [`format::Format`] type implements common configuration used by
+//! all the formatters provided in this crate, and can be used as a builder to
+//! set specific formatting settings. For example:
+//!
+//! ```
+//! use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+//!
+//! // Configure a custom event formatter
+//! let format = fmt::format()
+//! .with_level(false) // don't include levels in formatted output
+//! .with_target(false) // don't include targets
+//! .with_thread_ids(true) // include the thread ID of the current thread
+//! .with_thread_names(true) // include the name of the current thread
+//! .compact(); // use the `Compact` formatting style.
+//!
+//! // Create a `fmt` subscriber that uses our custom event format, and set it
+//! // as the default.
+//! tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+//! .event_format(format)
+//! .init();
+//! ```
+//!
+//! However, if a specific output format is needed, other crates can
+//! also implement [`FormatEvent`] and [`FormatFields`]. See those traits'
+//! documentation for details on how to implement them.
+//!
+//! ## Filters
+//!
+//! If you want to filter the `tracing` `Events` based on environment
+//! variables, you can use the [`EnvFilter`] as follows:
+//!
+//! ```rust
+//! use tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter;
+//!
+//! let filter = EnvFilter::from_default_env();
+//! ```
+//!
+//! As mentioned above, the [`EnvFilter`] allows `Span`s and `Event`s to
+//! be filtered at runtime by setting the `RUST_LOG` environment variable.
+//!
+//! You can find the other available [`filter`]s in the documentation.
+//!
+//! ### Using Your Subscriber
+//!
+//! Finally, once you have configured your `Subscriber`, you need to
+//! configure your executable to use it.
+//!
+//! A subscriber can be installed globally using:
+//! ```rust
+//! use tracing;
+//! use tracing_subscriber::FmtSubscriber;
+//!
+//! let subscriber = FmtSubscriber::new();
+//!
+//! tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(subscriber)
+//! .map_err(|_err| eprintln!("Unable to set global default subscriber"));
+//! // Note this will only fail if you try to set the global default
+//! // subscriber multiple times
+//! ```
+//!
+//! ### Composing Layers
+//!
+//! Composing an [`EnvFilter`] `Layer` and a [format `Layer`][super::fmt::Layer]:
+//!
+//! ```rust
+//! use tracing_subscriber::{fmt, EnvFilter};
+//! use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
+//!
+//! let fmt_layer = fmt::layer()
+//! .with_target(false);
+//! let filter_layer = EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
+//! .or_else(|_| EnvFilter::try_new("info"))
+//! .unwrap();
+//!
+//! tracing_subscriber::registry()
+//! .with(filter_layer)
+//! .with(fmt_layer)
+//! .init();
+//! ```
+//!
+//! [`EnvFilter`]: super::filter::EnvFilter
+//! [`env_logger`]: https://docs.rs/env_logger/
+//! [`filter`]: super::filter
+//! [`FmtSubscriber`]: Subscriber
+//! [`Subscriber`]:
+//! https://docs.rs/tracing/latest/tracing/trait.Subscriber.html
+//! [`tracing`]: https://crates.io/crates/tracing
+//! [`fmt::format`]: mod@crate::fmt::format
+use std::{any::TypeId, error::Error, io};
+use tracing_core::{span, subscriber::Interest, Event, Metadata};
+
+mod fmt_layer;
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub mod format;
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub mod time;
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub mod writer;
+
+pub use fmt_layer::{FmtContext, FormattedFields, Layer};
+
+use crate::layer::Layer as _;
+use crate::util::SubscriberInitExt;
+use crate::{
+ filter::LevelFilter,
+ layer,
+ registry::{LookupSpan, Registry},
+};
+
+#[doc(inline)]
+pub use self::{
+ format::{format, FormatEvent, FormatFields},
+ time::time,
+ writer::{MakeWriter, TestWriter},
+};
+
+/// A `Subscriber` that logs formatted representations of `tracing` events.
+///
+/// This consists of an inner `Formatter` wrapped in a layer that performs filtering.
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Subscriber<
+ N = format::DefaultFields,
+ E = format::Format<format::Full>,
+ F = LevelFilter,
+ W = fn() -> io::Stdout,
+> {
+ inner: layer::Layered<F, Formatter<N, E, W>>,
+}
+
+/// A `Subscriber` that logs formatted representations of `tracing` events.
+/// This type only logs formatted events; it does not perform any filtering.
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub type Formatter<
+ N = format::DefaultFields,
+ E = format::Format<format::Full>,
+ W = fn() -> io::Stdout,
+> = layer::Layered<fmt_layer::Layer<Registry, N, E, W>, Registry>;
+
+/// Configures and constructs `Subscriber`s.
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+#[must_use]
+pub struct SubscriberBuilder<
+ N = format::DefaultFields,
+ E = format::Format<format::Full>,
+ F = LevelFilter,
+ W = fn() -> io::Stdout,
+> {
+ filter: F,
+ inner: Layer<Registry, N, E, W>,
+}
+
+/// Returns a new [`SubscriberBuilder`] for configuring a [formatting subscriber].
+///
+/// This is essentially shorthand for [`SubscriberBuilder::default()]`.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Using [`init`] to set the default subscriber:
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// tracing_subscriber::fmt().init();
+/// ```
+///
+/// Configuring the output format:
+///
+/// ```rust
+///
+/// tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+/// // Configure formatting settings.
+/// .with_target(false)
+/// .with_timer(tracing_subscriber::fmt::time::uptime())
+/// .with_level(true)
+/// // Set the subscriber as the default.
+/// .init();
+/// ```
+///
+/// [`try_init`] returns an error if the default subscriber could not be set:
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// use std::error::Error;
+///
+/// fn init_subscriber() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
+/// tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+/// // Configure the subscriber to emit logs in JSON format.
+/// .json()
+/// // Configure the subscriber to flatten event fields in the output JSON objects.
+/// .flatten_event(true)
+/// // Set the subscriber as the default, returning an error if this fails.
+/// .try_init()?;
+///
+/// Ok(())
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Rather than setting the subscriber as the default, [`finish`] _returns_ the
+/// constructed subscriber, which may then be passed to other functions:
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+/// .with_max_level(tracing::Level::DEBUG)
+/// .compact()
+/// .finish();
+///
+/// tracing::subscriber::with_default(subscriber, || {
+/// // the subscriber will only be set as the default
+/// // inside this closure...
+/// })
+/// ```
+///
+/// [formatting subscriber]: Subscriber
+/// [`SubscriberBuilder::default()`]: SubscriberBuilder::default
+/// [`init`]: SubscriberBuilder::init()
+/// [`try_init`]: SubscriberBuilder::try_init()
+/// [`finish`]: SubscriberBuilder::finish()
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub fn fmt() -> SubscriberBuilder {
+ SubscriberBuilder::default()
+}
+
+/// Returns a new [formatting layer] that can be [composed] with other layers to
+/// construct a [`Subscriber`].
+///
+/// This is a shorthand for the equivalent [`Layer::default()`] function.
+///
+/// [formatting layer]: Layer
+/// [composed]: crate::layer
+/// [`Layer::default()`]: Layer::default
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(all(feature = "fmt", feature = "std"))))]
+pub fn layer<S>() -> Layer<S> {
+ Layer::default()
+}
+
+impl Subscriber {
+ /// The maximum [verbosity level] that is enabled by a `Subscriber` by
+ /// default.
+ ///
+ /// This can be overridden with the [`SubscriberBuilder::with_max_level`] method.
+ ///
+ /// [verbosity level]: tracing_core::Level
+ /// [`SubscriberBuilder::with_max_level`]: SubscriberBuilder::with_max_level
+ pub const DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL: LevelFilter = LevelFilter::INFO;
+
+ /// Returns a new `SubscriberBuilder` for configuring a format subscriber.
+ pub fn builder() -> SubscriberBuilder {
+ SubscriberBuilder::default()
+ }
+
+ /// Returns a new format subscriber with the default configuration.
+ pub fn new() -> Self {
+ Default::default()
+ }
+}
+
+impl Default for Subscriber {
+ fn default() -> Self {
+ SubscriberBuilder::default().finish()
+ }
+}
+
+// === impl Subscriber ===
+
+impl<N, E, F, W> tracing_core::Subscriber for Subscriber<N, E, F, W>
+where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ E: FormatEvent<Registry, N> + 'static,
+ F: layer::Layer<Formatter<N, E, W>> + 'static,
+ W: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ layer::Layered<F, Formatter<N, E, W>>: tracing_core::Subscriber,
+ fmt_layer::Layer<Registry, N, E, W>: layer::Layer<Registry>,
+{
+ #[inline]
+ fn register_callsite(&self, meta: &'static Metadata<'static>) -> Interest {
+ self.inner.register_callsite(meta)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn enabled(&self, meta: &Metadata<'_>) -> bool {
+ self.inner.enabled(meta)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn new_span(&self, attrs: &span::Attributes<'_>) -> span::Id {
+ self.inner.new_span(attrs)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn record(&self, span: &span::Id, values: &span::Record<'_>) {
+ self.inner.record(span, values)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn record_follows_from(&self, span: &span::Id, follows: &span::Id) {
+ self.inner.record_follows_from(span, follows)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn event_enabled(&self, event: &Event<'_>) -> bool {
+ self.inner.event_enabled(event)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn event(&self, event: &Event<'_>) {
+ self.inner.event(event);
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn enter(&self, id: &span::Id) {
+ // TODO: add on_enter hook
+ self.inner.enter(id);
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn exit(&self, id: &span::Id) {
+ self.inner.exit(id);
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn current_span(&self) -> span::Current {
+ self.inner.current_span()
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn clone_span(&self, id: &span::Id) -> span::Id {
+ self.inner.clone_span(id)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn try_close(&self, id: span::Id) -> bool {
+ self.inner.try_close(id)
+ }
+
+ #[inline]
+ fn max_level_hint(&self) -> Option<tracing_core::LevelFilter> {
+ self.inner.max_level_hint()
+ }
+
+ unsafe fn downcast_raw(&self, id: TypeId) -> Option<*const ()> {
+ if id == TypeId::of::<Self>() {
+ Some(self as *const Self as *const ())
+ } else {
+ self.inner.downcast_raw(id)
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<'a, N, E, F, W> LookupSpan<'a> for Subscriber<N, E, F, W>
+where
+ layer::Layered<F, Formatter<N, E, W>>: LookupSpan<'a>,
+{
+ type Data = <layer::Layered<F, Formatter<N, E, W>> as LookupSpan<'a>>::Data;
+
+ fn span_data(&'a self, id: &span::Id) -> Option<Self::Data> {
+ self.inner.span_data(id)
+ }
+}
+
+// ===== impl SubscriberBuilder =====
+
+impl Default for SubscriberBuilder {
+ fn default() -> Self {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: Subscriber::DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL,
+ inner: Default::default(),
+ }
+ .log_internal_errors(true)
+ }
+}
+
+impl<N, E, F, W> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W>
+where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ E: FormatEvent<Registry, N> + 'static,
+ W: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ F: layer::Layer<Formatter<N, E, W>> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+ fmt_layer::Layer<Registry, N, E, W>: layer::Layer<Registry> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+ /// Finish the builder, returning a new `FmtSubscriber`.
+ pub fn finish(self) -> Subscriber<N, E, F, W> {
+ let subscriber = self.inner.with_subscriber(Registry::default());
+ Subscriber {
+ inner: self.filter.with_subscriber(subscriber),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Install this Subscriber as the global default if one is
+ /// not already set.
+ ///
+ /// If the `tracing-log` feature is enabled, this will also install
+ /// the LogTracer to convert `Log` records into `tracing` `Event`s.
+ ///
+ /// # Errors
+ /// Returns an Error if the initialization was unsuccessful, likely
+ /// because a global subscriber was already installed by another
+ /// call to `try_init`.
+ pub fn try_init(self) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
+ use crate::util::SubscriberInitExt;
+ self.finish().try_init()?;
+
+ Ok(())
+ }
+
+ /// Install this Subscriber as the global default.
+ ///
+ /// If the `tracing-log` feature is enabled, this will also install
+ /// the LogTracer to convert `Log` records into `tracing` `Event`s.
+ ///
+ /// # Panics
+ /// Panics if the initialization was unsuccessful, likely because a
+ /// global subscriber was already installed by another call to `try_init`.
+ pub fn init(self) {
+ self.try_init()
+ .expect("Unable to install global subscriber")
+ }
+}
+
+impl<N, E, F, W> From<SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W>> for tracing_core::Dispatch
+where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ E: FormatEvent<Registry, N> + 'static,
+ W: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ F: layer::Layer<Formatter<N, E, W>> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+ fmt_layer::Layer<Registry, N, E, W>: layer::Layer<Registry> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+ fn from(builder: SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W>) -> tracing_core::Dispatch {
+ tracing_core::Dispatch::new(builder.finish())
+ }
+}
+
+impl<N, L, T, F, W> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W>
+where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+{
+ /// Use the given [`timer`] for log message timestamps.
+ ///
+ /// See the [`time` module] for the provided timer implementations.
+ ///
+ /// Note that using the `"time`"" feature flag enables the
+ /// additional time formatters [`UtcTime`] and [`LocalTime`], which use the
+ /// [`time` crate] to provide more sophisticated timestamp formatting
+ /// options.
+ ///
+ /// [`timer`]: time::FormatTime
+ /// [`time` module]: mod@time
+ /// [`UtcTime`]: time::UtcTime
+ /// [`LocalTime`]: time::LocalTime
+ /// [`time` crate]: https://docs.rs/time/0.3
+ pub fn with_timer<T2>(self, timer: T2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T2>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.with_timer(timer),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Do not emit timestamps with log messages.
+ pub fn without_time(self) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, ()>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.without_time(),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Configures how synthesized events are emitted at points in the [span
+ /// lifecycle][lifecycle].
+ ///
+ /// The following options are available:
+ ///
+ /// - `FmtSpan::NONE`: No events will be synthesized when spans are
+ /// created, entered, exited, or closed. Data from spans will still be
+ /// included as the context for formatted events. This is the default.
+ /// - `FmtSpan::NEW`: An event will be synthesized when spans are created.
+ /// - `FmtSpan::ENTER`: An event will be synthesized when spans are entered.
+ /// - `FmtSpan::EXIT`: An event will be synthesized when spans are exited.
+ /// - `FmtSpan::CLOSE`: An event will be synthesized when a span closes. If
+ /// [timestamps are enabled][time] for this formatter, the generated
+ /// event will contain fields with the span's _busy time_ (the total
+ /// time for which it was entered) and _idle time_ (the total time that
+ /// the span existed but was not entered).
+ /// - `FmtSpan::ACTIVE`: An event will be synthesized when spans are entered
+ /// or exited.
+ /// - `FmtSpan::FULL`: Events will be synthesized whenever a span is
+ /// created, entered, exited, or closed. If timestamps are enabled, the
+ /// close event will contain the span's busy and idle time, as
+ /// described above.
+ ///
+ /// The options can be enabled in any combination. For instance, the following
+ /// will synthesize events whenever spans are created and closed:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt::format::FmtSpan;
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+ ///
+ /// let subscriber = fmt()
+ /// .with_span_events(FmtSpan::NEW | FmtSpan::CLOSE)
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// Note that the generated events will only be part of the log output by
+ /// this formatter; they will not be recorded by other `Subscriber`s or by
+ /// `Layer`s added to this subscriber.
+ ///
+ /// [lifecycle]: https://docs.rs/tracing/latest/tracing/span/index.html#the-span-lifecycle
+ /// [time]: SubscriberBuilder::without_time()
+ pub fn with_span_events(self, kind: format::FmtSpan) -> Self {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_span_events(kind),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Enable ANSI encoding for formatted events.
+ #[cfg(feature = "ansi")]
+ #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "ansi")))]
+ pub fn with_ansi(self, ansi: bool) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_ansi(ansi),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether to write errors from [`FormatEvent`] to the writer.
+ /// Defaults to true.
+ ///
+ /// By default, `fmt::Layer` will write any `FormatEvent`-internal errors to
+ /// the writer. These errors are unlikely and will only occur if there is a
+ /// bug in the `FormatEvent` implementation or its dependencies.
+ ///
+ /// If writing to the writer fails, the error message is printed to stderr
+ /// as a fallback.
+ ///
+ /// [`FormatEvent`]: crate::fmt::FormatEvent
+ pub fn log_internal_errors(
+ self,
+ log_internal_errors: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.log_internal_errors(log_internal_errors),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not an event's target is displayed.
+ pub fn with_target(
+ self,
+ display_target: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_target(display_target),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not an event's [source code file path][file] is
+ /// displayed.
+ ///
+ /// [file]: tracing_core::Metadata::file
+ pub fn with_file(
+ self,
+ display_filename: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_file(display_filename),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not an event's [source code line number][line] is
+ /// displayed.
+ ///
+ /// [line]: tracing_core::Metadata::line
+ pub fn with_line_number(
+ self,
+ display_line_number: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_line_number(display_line_number),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not an event's level is displayed.
+ pub fn with_level(
+ self,
+ display_level: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_level(display_level),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not the [name] of the current thread is displayed
+ /// when formatting events.
+ ///
+ /// [name]: std::thread#naming-threads
+ pub fn with_thread_names(
+ self,
+ display_thread_names: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_thread_names(display_thread_names),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not the [thread ID] of the current thread is displayed
+ /// when formatting events.
+ ///
+ /// [thread ID]: std::thread::ThreadId
+ pub fn with_thread_ids(
+ self,
+ display_thread_ids: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<L, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ inner: self.inner.with_thread_ids(display_thread_ids),
+ ..self
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the subscriber being built to use a less verbose formatter.
+ ///
+ /// See [`format::Compact`].
+ pub fn compact(self) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, format::Format<format::Compact, T>, F, W>
+ where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.compact(),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the subscriber being built to use an [excessively pretty, human-readable formatter](crate::fmt::format::Pretty).
+ #[cfg(feature = "ansi")]
+ #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "ansi")))]
+ pub fn pretty(
+ self,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<format::Pretty, format::Format<format::Pretty, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.pretty(),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the subscriber being built to use a JSON formatter.
+ ///
+ /// See [`format::Json`][super::fmt::format::Json]
+ #[cfg(feature = "json")]
+ #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
+ pub fn json(
+ self,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<format::JsonFields, format::Format<format::Json, T>, F, W>
+ where
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.json(),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "json")]
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
+impl<T, F, W> SubscriberBuilder<format::JsonFields, format::Format<format::Json, T>, F, W> {
+ /// Sets the json subscriber being built to flatten event metadata.
+ ///
+ /// See [`format::Json`][super::fmt::format::Json]
+ pub fn flatten_event(
+ self,
+ flatten_event: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<format::JsonFields, format::Format<format::Json, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.flatten_event(flatten_event),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not the JSON subscriber being built will include the current span
+ /// in formatted events.
+ ///
+ /// See [`format::Json`][super::fmt::format::Json]
+ pub fn with_current_span(
+ self,
+ display_current_span: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<format::JsonFields, format::Format<format::Json, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.with_current_span(display_current_span),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets whether or not the JSON subscriber being built will include a list (from
+ /// root to leaf) of all currently entered spans in formatted events.
+ ///
+ /// See [`format::Json`][super::fmt::format::Json]
+ pub fn with_span_list(
+ self,
+ display_span_list: bool,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<format::JsonFields, format::Format<format::Json, T>, F, W> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.with_span_list(display_span_list),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "env-filter")]
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "env-filter")))]
+impl<N, E, W> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, crate::EnvFilter, W>
+where
+ Formatter<N, E, W>: tracing_core::Subscriber + 'static,
+{
+ /// Configures the subscriber being built to allow filter reloading at
+ /// runtime.
+ pub fn with_filter_reloading(
+ self,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, crate::reload::Layer<crate::EnvFilter, Formatter<N, E, W>>, W>
+ {
+ let (filter, _) = crate::reload::Layer::new(self.filter);
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter,
+ inner: self.inner,
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "env-filter")]
+#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "env-filter")))]
+impl<N, E, W> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, crate::reload::Layer<crate::EnvFilter, Formatter<N, E, W>>, W>
+where
+ Formatter<N, E, W>: tracing_core::Subscriber + 'static,
+{
+ /// Returns a `Handle` that may be used to reload the constructed subscriber's
+ /// filter.
+ pub fn reload_handle(&self) -> crate::reload::Handle<crate::EnvFilter, Formatter<N, E, W>> {
+ self.filter.handle()
+ }
+}
+
+impl<N, E, F, W> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W> {
+ /// Sets the field formatter that the subscriber being built will use to record
+ /// fields.
+ ///
+ /// For example:
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt::format;
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
+ ///
+ /// let formatter =
+ /// // Construct a custom formatter for `Debug` fields
+ /// format::debug_fn(|writer, field, value| write!(writer, "{}: {:?}", field, value))
+ /// // Use the `tracing_subscriber::MakeFmtExt` trait to wrap the
+ /// // formatter so that a delimiter is added between fields.
+ /// .delimited(", ");
+ ///
+ /// let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+ /// .fmt_fields(formatter)
+ /// .finish();
+ /// # drop(subscriber)
+ /// ```
+ pub fn fmt_fields<N2>(self, fmt_fields: N2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N2, E, F, W>
+ where
+ N2: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.fmt_fields(fmt_fields),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the [`EnvFilter`] that the subscriber will use to determine if
+ /// a span or event is enabled.
+ ///
+ /// Note that this method requires the "env-filter" feature flag to be enabled.
+ ///
+ /// If a filter was previously set, or a maximum level was set by the
+ /// [`with_max_level`] method, that value is replaced by the new filter.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Setting a filter based on the value of the `RUST_LOG` environment
+ /// variable:
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::{fmt, EnvFilter};
+ ///
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_env_filter(EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+ /// .init();
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// Setting a filter based on a pre-set filter directive string:
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+ ///
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_env_filter("my_crate=info,my_crate::my_mod=debug,[my_span]=trace")
+ /// .init();
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// Adding additional directives to a filter constructed from an env var:
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::{fmt, filter::{EnvFilter, LevelFilter}};
+ ///
+ /// # fn filter() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
+ /// let filter = EnvFilter::try_from_env("MY_CUSTOM_FILTER_ENV_VAR")?
+ /// // Set the base level when not matched by other directives to WARN.
+ /// .add_directive(LevelFilter::WARN.into())
+ /// // Set the max level for `my_crate::my_mod` to DEBUG, overriding
+ /// // any directives parsed from the env variable.
+ /// .add_directive("my_crate::my_mod=debug".parse()?);
+ ///
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_env_filter(filter)
+ /// .try_init()?;
+ /// # Ok(())}
+ /// ```
+ /// [`EnvFilter`]: super::filter::EnvFilter
+ /// [`with_max_level`]: SubscriberBuilder::with_max_level()
+ #[cfg(feature = "env-filter")]
+ #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "env-filter")))]
+ pub fn with_env_filter(
+ self,
+ filter: impl Into<crate::EnvFilter>,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, crate::EnvFilter, W>
+ where
+ Formatter<N, E, W>: tracing_core::Subscriber + 'static,
+ {
+ let filter = filter.into();
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter,
+ inner: self.inner,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the maximum [verbosity level] that will be enabled by the
+ /// subscriber.
+ ///
+ /// If the max level has already been set, or a [`EnvFilter`] was added by
+ /// [`with_env_filter`], this replaces that configuration with the new
+ /// maximum level.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Enable up to the `DEBUG` verbosity level:
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+ /// use tracing::Level;
+ ///
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_max_level(Level::DEBUG)
+ /// .init();
+ /// ```
+ /// This subscriber won't record any spans or events!
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::{fmt, filter::LevelFilter};
+ ///
+ /// let subscriber = fmt()
+ /// .with_max_level(LevelFilter::OFF)
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ /// [verbosity level]: tracing_core::Level
+ /// [`EnvFilter`]: struct@crate::filter::EnvFilter
+ /// [`with_env_filter`]: fn@Self::with_env_filter
+ pub fn with_max_level(
+ self,
+ filter: impl Into<LevelFilter>,
+ ) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, LevelFilter, W> {
+ let filter = filter.into();
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter,
+ inner: self.inner,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the [event formatter][`FormatEvent`] that the subscriber being built
+ /// will use to format events that occur.
+ ///
+ /// The event formatter may be any type implementing the [`FormatEvent`]
+ /// trait, which is implemented for all functions taking a [`FmtContext`], a
+ /// [`Writer`], and an [`Event`].
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Setting a type implementing [`FormatEvent`] as the formatter:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt::format;
+ ///
+ /// let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+ /// .event_format(format().compact())
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// [`Writer`]: struct@self::format::Writer
+ pub fn event_format<E2>(self, fmt_event: E2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E2, F, W>
+ where
+ E2: FormatEvent<Registry, N> + 'static,
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ W: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.event_format(fmt_event),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Sets the [`MakeWriter`] that the subscriber being built will use to write events.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Using `stderr` rather than `stdout`:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+ /// use std::io;
+ ///
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_writer(io::stderr)
+ /// .init();
+ /// ```
+ pub fn with_writer<W2>(self, make_writer: W2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W2>
+ where
+ W2: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.with_writer(make_writer),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Configures the subscriber to support [`libtest`'s output capturing][capturing] when used in
+ /// unit tests.
+ ///
+ /// See [`TestWriter`] for additional details.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Using [`TestWriter`] to let `cargo test` capture test output. Note that we do not install it
+ /// globally as it may cause conflicts.
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt;
+ /// use tracing::subscriber;
+ ///
+ /// subscriber::set_default(
+ /// fmt()
+ /// .with_test_writer()
+ /// .finish()
+ /// );
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// [capturing]:
+ /// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-02-running-tests.html#showing-function-output
+ /// [`TestWriter`]: writer::TestWriter
+ pub fn with_test_writer(self) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, TestWriter> {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.with_writer(TestWriter::default()),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Updates the event formatter by applying a function to the existing event formatter.
+ ///
+ /// This sets the event formatter that the subscriber being built will use to record fields.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Updating an event formatter:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+ /// .map_event_format(|e| e.compact())
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ pub fn map_event_format<E2>(self, f: impl FnOnce(E) -> E2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E2, F, W>
+ where
+ E2: FormatEvent<Registry, N> + 'static,
+ N: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ W: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.map_event_format(f),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Updates the field formatter by applying a function to the existing field formatter.
+ ///
+ /// This sets the field formatter that the subscriber being built will use to record fields.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Updating a field formatter:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::field::MakeExt;
+ /// let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+ /// .map_fmt_fields(|f| f.debug_alt())
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ pub fn map_fmt_fields<N2>(self, f: impl FnOnce(N) -> N2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N2, E, F, W>
+ where
+ N2: for<'writer> FormatFields<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.map_fmt_fields(f),
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Updates the [`MakeWriter`] by applying a function to the existing [`MakeWriter`].
+ ///
+ /// This sets the [`MakeWriter`] that the subscriber being built will use to write events.
+ ///
+ /// # Examples
+ ///
+ /// Redirect output to stderr if level is <= WARN:
+ ///
+ /// ```rust
+ /// use tracing::Level;
+ /// use tracing_subscriber::fmt::{self, writer::MakeWriterExt};
+ ///
+ /// let stderr = std::io::stderr.with_max_level(Level::WARN);
+ /// let layer = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+ /// .map_writer(move |w| stderr.or_else(w))
+ /// .finish();
+ /// ```
+ pub fn map_writer<W2>(self, f: impl FnOnce(W) -> W2) -> SubscriberBuilder<N, E, F, W2>
+ where
+ W2: for<'writer> MakeWriter<'writer> + 'static,
+ {
+ SubscriberBuilder {
+ filter: self.filter,
+ inner: self.inner.map_writer(f),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// Install a global tracing subscriber that listens for events and
+/// filters based on the value of the [`RUST_LOG` environment variable],
+/// if one is not already set.
+///
+/// If the `tracing-log` feature is enabled, this will also install
+/// the [`LogTracer`] to convert `log` records into `tracing` `Event`s.
+///
+/// This is shorthand for
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// # fn doc() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
+/// tracing_subscriber::fmt().try_init()
+/// # }
+/// ```
+///
+///
+/// # Errors
+///
+/// Returns an Error if the initialization was unsuccessful,
+/// likely because a global subscriber was already installed by another
+/// call to `try_init`.
+///
+/// [`LogTracer`]:
+/// https://docs.rs/tracing-log/0.1.0/tracing_log/struct.LogTracer.html
+/// [`RUST_LOG` environment variable]: crate::filter::EnvFilter::DEFAULT_ENV
+pub fn try_init() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {
+ let builder = Subscriber::builder();
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "env-filter")]
+ let builder = builder.with_env_filter(crate::EnvFilter::from_default_env());
+
+ // If `env-filter` is disabled, remove the default max level filter from the
+ // subscriber; it will be added to the `Targets` filter instead if no filter
+ // is set in `RUST_LOG`.
+ // Replacing the default `LevelFilter` with an `EnvFilter` would imply this,
+ // but we can't replace the builder's filter with a `Targets` filter yet.
+ #[cfg(not(feature = "env-filter"))]
+ let builder = builder.with_max_level(LevelFilter::TRACE);
+
+ let subscriber = builder.finish();
+ #[cfg(not(feature = "env-filter"))]
+ let subscriber = {
+ use crate::{filter::Targets, layer::SubscriberExt};
+ use std::{env, str::FromStr};
+ let targets = match env::var("RUST_LOG") {
+ Ok(var) => Targets::from_str(&var)
+ .map_err(|e| {
+ eprintln!("Ignoring `RUST_LOG={:?}`: {}", var, e);
+ })
+ .unwrap_or_default(),
+ Err(env::VarError::NotPresent) => {
+ Targets::new().with_default(Subscriber::DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL)
+ }
+ Err(e) => {
+ eprintln!("Ignoring `RUST_LOG`: {}", e);
+ Targets::new().with_default(Subscriber::DEFAULT_MAX_LEVEL)
+ }
+ };
+ subscriber.with(targets)
+ };
+
+ subscriber.try_init().map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Install a global tracing subscriber that listens for events and
+/// filters based on the value of the [`RUST_LOG` environment variable].
+///
+/// The configuration of the subscriber initialized by this function
+/// depends on what [feature flags](crate#feature-flags) are enabled.
+///
+/// If the `tracing-log` feature is enabled, this will also install
+/// the LogTracer to convert `Log` records into `tracing` `Event`s.
+///
+/// If the `env-filter` feature is enabled, this is shorthand for
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// # use tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter;
+/// tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+/// .with_env_filter(EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+/// .init();
+/// ```
+///
+/// # Panics
+/// Panics if the initialization was unsuccessful, likely because a
+/// global subscriber was already installed by another call to `try_init`.
+///
+/// [`RUST_LOG` environment variable]: crate::filter::EnvFilter::DEFAULT_ENV
+pub fn init() {
+ try_init().expect("Unable to install global subscriber")
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+ use crate::{
+ filter::LevelFilter,
+ fmt::{
+ format::{self, Format},
+ time,
+ writer::MakeWriter,
+ Subscriber,
+ },
+ };
+ use std::{
+ io,
+ sync::{Arc, Mutex, MutexGuard, TryLockError},
+ };
+ use tracing_core::dispatcher::Dispatch;
+
+ pub(crate) struct MockWriter {
+ buf: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
+ }
+
+ impl MockWriter {
+ pub(crate) fn new(buf: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>) -> Self {
+ Self { buf }
+ }
+
+ pub(crate) fn map_error<Guard>(err: TryLockError<Guard>) -> io::Error {
+ match err {
+ TryLockError::WouldBlock => io::Error::from(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock),
+ TryLockError::Poisoned(_) => io::Error::from(io::ErrorKind::Other),
+ }
+ }
+
+ pub(crate) fn buf(&self) -> io::Result<MutexGuard<'_, Vec<u8>>> {
+ self.buf.try_lock().map_err(Self::map_error)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl io::Write for MockWriter {
+ fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+ self.buf()?.write(buf)
+ }
+
+ fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+ self.buf()?.flush()
+ }
+ }
+
+ #[derive(Clone, Default)]
+ pub(crate) struct MockMakeWriter {
+ buf: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
+ }
+
+ impl MockMakeWriter {
+ pub(crate) fn new(buf: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>) -> Self {
+ Self { buf }
+ }
+
+ #[cfg(feature = "json")]
+ pub(crate) fn buf(&self) -> MutexGuard<'_, Vec<u8>> {
+ self.buf.lock().unwrap()
+ }
+
+ pub(crate) fn get_string(&self) -> String {
+ let mut buf = self.buf.lock().expect("lock shouldn't be poisoned");
+ let string = std::str::from_utf8(&buf[..])
+ .expect("formatter should not have produced invalid utf-8")
+ .to_owned();
+ buf.clear();
+ string
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<'a> MakeWriter<'a> for MockMakeWriter {
+ type Writer = MockWriter;
+
+ fn make_writer(&'a self) -> Self::Writer {
+ MockWriter::new(self.buf.clone())
+ }
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn impls() {
+ let f = Format::default().with_timer(time::Uptime::default());
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::builder().event_format(f).finish();
+ let _dispatch = Dispatch::new(subscriber);
+
+ let f = format::Format::default();
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::builder().event_format(f).finish();
+ let _dispatch = Dispatch::new(subscriber);
+
+ let f = format::Format::default().compact();
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::builder().event_format(f).finish();
+ let _dispatch = Dispatch::new(subscriber);
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn subscriber_downcasts() {
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::builder().finish();
+ let dispatch = Dispatch::new(subscriber);
+ assert!(dispatch.downcast_ref::<Subscriber>().is_some());
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn subscriber_downcasts_to_parts() {
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::new();
+ let dispatch = Dispatch::new(subscriber);
+ assert!(dispatch.downcast_ref::<format::DefaultFields>().is_some());
+ assert!(dispatch.downcast_ref::<LevelFilter>().is_some());
+ assert!(dispatch.downcast_ref::<format::Format>().is_some())
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn is_lookup_span() {
+ fn assert_lookup_span<T: for<'a> crate::registry::LookupSpan<'a>>(_: T) {}
+ let subscriber = Subscriber::new();
+ assert_lookup_span(subscriber)
+ }
+}