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-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/chage.116
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.110
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.116
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.110
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.110
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/groups.110
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/id.18
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/login.112
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.18
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.165
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/sg.18
-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man1/su.110
12 files changed, 88 insertions, 95 deletions
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1
index 1383387..88d574a 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: chage
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "CHAGE" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "CHAGE" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
chage \- 更改用户密码过期信息
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBchage\fR\ 'u
-\fBchage\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fI登录\fR
+\fBchage\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fILOGIN\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
@@ -136,6 +136,12 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
.RE
.PP
+\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
+.RS 4
+Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory
+\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
+.RE
+.PP
\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR
.RS 4
Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1
index cc5b4bf..17ed971 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: chfn
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "CHFN" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "CHFN" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
chfn \- 更改真名和信息
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBchfn\fR\ 'u
-\fBchfn\fR [\fI选项\fR] [\fI登录\fR]
+\fBchfn\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR]
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1
index f81758c..52c6dee 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: chsh
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "CHSH" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "CHSH" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
chsh \- 更改登录 shell
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBchsh\fR\ 'u
-\fBchsh\fR [\fI选项\fR] [\fI登录\fR]
+\fBchsh\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR]
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
@@ -77,6 +77,12 @@ The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be
in
/etc/shells
is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&.
+.PP
+For this reason, placing
+/bin/rsh
+in
+/etc/shells
+is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&.
.SH "配置文件"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1
index 3ebd733..e4b528b 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: expiry
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
expiry \- check and enforce password expiration policy
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBexpiry\fR\ 'u
-\fBexpiry\fR \fI选项\fR
+\fBexpiry\fR \fIoption\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1
index 1f4623f..8648209 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: gpasswd
.\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u
-\fBgpasswd\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fIgroup\fR
+\fBgpasswd\fR [\fIoption\fR] \fIgroup\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1
index 3845897..d7b66f9 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: groups
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "GROUPS" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "GROUPS" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
groups \- 显示当前组名
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBgroups\fR\ 'u
-\fBgroups\fR [\fI用户\fR]
+\fBgroups\fR [\fIuser\fR]
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1
index 31ecf86..30f53a7 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: id
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "ID" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "ID" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1
index 5c43d13..03f92b8 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: login
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "LOGIN" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "LOGIN" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
login \- 在系统上启动回话
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u
-\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fI用户名\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...]
+\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fIusername\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...]
.HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u
-\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fI用户名\fR
+\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fIusername\fR
.HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u
\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR
.SH "描述"
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1
index a66be46..f34266c 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: newgrp
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1
index 89e0e07..cfc0016 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: passwd
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "PASSWD" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "PASSWD" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
passwd \- 更改用户密码
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBpasswd\fR\ 'u
-\fBpasswd\fR [\fI选项\fR] [\fI登录\fR]
+\fBpasswd\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR]
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
@@ -49,44 +49,9 @@ refuses to change the password and exits\&.
.PP
提示用户输入两次新密码。第二次和第一次进行比较，并且需要相同才能更改密码。
.PP
-然后，测试密码的负责程度。一般来讲，密码应该包含 6 到 8 位字符，从下边的一个或多个集合中选择：
-.sp
-.RS 4
-.ie n \{\
-\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
-.\}
-.el \{\
-.sp -1
-.IP \(bu 2.3
-.\}
-小写字母
-.RE
-.sp
-.RS 4
-.ie n \{\
-\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
-.\}
-.el \{\
-.sp -1
-.IP \(bu 2.3
-.\}
-数字 0 到 9
-.RE
-.sp
-.RS 4
-.ie n \{\
-\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
-.\}
-.el \{\
-.sp -1
-.IP \(bu 2.3
-.\}
-标点符号
-.RE
-.PP
-Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&.
+Then, the password is tested for complexity\&.
\fBpasswd\fR
-will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&.
+will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&.
.SS "关于用户密码的提示"
.PP
The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy
@@ -96,6 +61,8 @@ System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent method
.PP
由于粗心地或处理选择密码，会危及密码的安全。由于这个原因，您不应该选择出现在词典中或者必须要写下来才能记住的密码。密码也不应该是一个名字、许可证号、生日或者街道号。所有这些可以用于猜测来损害系统安全。
.PP
+As a general guideline, passwords should be long and random\&. It\*(Aqs fine to use simple character sets, such as passwords consisting only of lowercase letters, if that helps memorizing longer passwords\&. For a password consisting only of lowercase English letters randomly chosen, and a length of 32, there are 26^32 (approximately 2^150) different possible combinations\&. Being an exponential equation, it\*(Aqs apparent that the exponent (the length) is more important than the base (the size of the character set)\&.
+.PP
You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength
.SH "选项"
.PP
@@ -175,6 +142,12 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
.RE
.PP
+\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
+.RS 4
+Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory
+\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
+.RE
+.PP
\fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR
.RS 4
显示账户状态信息。状态信息包含 7 个字段。首个字段是用户的登录名，第二个字段表示用户账户是否已经锁定密码(L)、没有密码 (NP)或者密码可用(P)，第三个字段给出最后一次更改密码的日期。接下来的四个字段分别是密码的最小年龄、最大年龄、警告期和禁用期。这些年龄以天为单位计算。
@@ -205,6 +178,11 @@ as
\fIMAX_DAYS\fR
will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&.
.RE
+.PP
+\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-stdin\fR
+.RS 4
+This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the new password from standard input, which can be a pipe\&.
+.RE
.SH "CAVEATS"
.PP
密码复杂性检查在每台机器间不同。用户应该选择适合的尽量复杂的密码。
@@ -277,7 +255,10 @@ invalid argument to option
.SH "参见"
.PP
\fBchpasswd\fR(8),
+\fBmakepasswd\fR(1),
\fBpasswd\fR(5),
\fBshadow\fR(5),
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBusermod\fR(8)\&.
+.PP
+The following web page comically (yet correctly) compares the strength of two different methods for choosing a password: "https://xkcd\&.com/936/"
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1
index daae817..163e0b2 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: sg
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "SG" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "SG" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1
index 91a304f..51cde5c 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: su
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2022-11-08
-.\" Manual: 用户命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\" Date: 2024-06-21
+.\" Manual: User Commands
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.15.2
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "SU" "1" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "用户命令"
+.TH "SU" "1" "2024-06-21" "shadow\-utils 4\&.15\&.2" "User Commands"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
su \- 更改用户 ID 或成为超级用户
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBsu\fR\ 'u
-\fBsu\fR [\fI选项\fR] [\fI\-\fR] [\fI用户名\fR\ [\ \fIargs\fR\ ]]
+\fBsu\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fI\-\fR] [\fIusername\fR\ [\ \fIargs\fR\ ]]
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-08-18 03:30:20 +0000