1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 1990 , Julianne Frances Haugh
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2007 - 2011, Nicolas François
SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY CHSH_AUTH SYSTEM "login.defs.d/CHSH_AUTH.xml">
<!ENTITY LOGIN_STRING SYSTEM "login.defs.d/LOGIN_STRING.xml">
<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
]>
<refentry id='chsh.1'>
<!-- $Id$ -->
<refentryinfo>
<author>
<firstname>Julianne Frances</firstname>
<surname>Haugh</surname>
<contrib>Creation, 1990</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Thomas</firstname>
<surname>Kłoczko</surname>
<email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib>
</author>
<author>
<firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
<surname>François</surname>
<email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
</author>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
<refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv id='name'>
<refname>chsh</refname>
<refpurpose>change login shell</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>chsh</command>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>options</replaceable>
</arg>
<arg choice='opt'>
<replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1 id='description'>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>
The <command>chsh</command> command changes the user login shell.
This determines the name of the user's initial login command. A normal
user may only change the login shell for her own account; the
superuser may change the login shell for any account.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='options'>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<para>
The options which apply to the <command>chsh</command> command are:
</para>
<variablelist remap='IP'>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Display help message and exit.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
directory and use the configuration files from the
<replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory.
Only absolute paths are supported.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>
<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to
blank causes the system to select the default login shell.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>
If the <option>-s</option> option is not selected,
<command>chsh</command> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting
the user with the current login shell. Enter the new value to change
the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one. The current
shell is displayed between a pair of <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='note'>
<title>NOTE</title>
<para condition="without_vendordir">
The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command
name must be listed in <filename>/etc/shells</filename>, unless the
invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added. An
account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell.
For this reason, placing <filename>/bin/rsh</filename> in
<filename>/etc/shells</filename> is discouraged since accidentally
changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever
changing her login shell back to its original value.
</para>
<para condition="with_vendordir">
The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command
name must be listed in <filename>/etc/shells</filename>.
If this file does not exist, the definitions are taken from the files
<filename>%vendordir%/shells</filename>,
<filename>%vendordir%/shells.d/*</filename> and
<filename>/etc/shells.d/*</filename> in that order.
If <filename>/etc/shells.d/@filename@</filename> exists, then
<filename>%vendordir%/shells.d/@filename@</filename> will not be used.
If the invoker is the superuser any value may be added regardless what is
defined in the configuration files.
An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell.
</para>
<para>
For this reason, placing <filename>/bin/rsh</filename> in
<filename>/etc/shells</filename> is discouraged since accidentally
changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever
changing her login shell back to its original value.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='configuration' condition="no_pam">
<title>CONFIGURATION</title>
<para>
The following configuration variables in
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of this
tool:
</para>
<variablelist>
&CHSH_AUTH;
&LOGIN_STRING;
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='files'>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>User account information.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/shells</filename></term>
<listitem condition="without_vendordir">
<para>List of valid login shells.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem condition="with_vendordir">
<para>User defined list of valid login shells.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry condition="with_vendordir">
<term><filename>%vendordir%/shells</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Default configuration file if
<filename>/etc/shells</filename> does not exist.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry condition="with_vendordir">
<term><filename>%vendordir%/shells.d</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Directory for additional vendor specific configuration files.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry condition="with_vendordir">
<term><filename>/etc/shells.d</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Directory for additional user defined configuration files.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/login.defs</filename></term>
<listitem>
<para>Shadow password suite configuration.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>,
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
|
