Adding upstream version 3.45.1.upstream/3.45.1

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
author: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> 2024-04-13 14:07:11 +0000
committer: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> 2024-04-13 14:07:11 +0000
commit: 63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3 (patch)
tree: 01c7571c7c762ceee70638549a99834fdd7c411b /www/partialindex.html
parent: Initial commit. (diff)
download: sqlite3-63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3.tar.xz
sqlite3-63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3.zip
1 files changed, 2794 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/www/partialindex.html b/www/partialindex.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head>
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+<link href="sqlite.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<title>Partial Indexes</title>
+<!-- path= -->
+</head>
+<body>
+<div class=nosearch>
+<a href="index.html">
+<img class="logo" src="images/sqlite370_banner.gif" alt="SQLite" border="0">
+</a>
+<div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo --></div>
+<div class="tagline desktoponly">
+Small. Fast. Reliable.<br>Choose any three.
+</div>
+<div class="menu mainmenu">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="index.html">Home</a>
+<li class='mobileonly'><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_div("submenu")'>Menu</a>
+<li class='wideonly'><a href='about.html'>About</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="docs.html">Documentation</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="download.html">Download</a>
+<li class='wideonly'><a href='copyright.html'>License</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="support.html">Support</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="prosupport.html">Purchase</a>
+<li class='search' id='search_menubutton'>
+<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_search()'>Search</a>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="menu submenu" id="submenu">
+<ul>
+<li><a href='about.html'>About</a>
+<li><a href='docs.html'>Documentation</a>
+<li><a href='download.html'>Download</a>
+<li><a href='support.html'>Support</a>
+<li><a href='prosupport.html'>Purchase</a>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="searchmenu" id="searchmenu">
+<form method="GET" action="search">
+<select name="s" id="searchtype">
+<option value="d">Search Documentation</option>
+<option value="c">Search Changelog</option>
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+<input type="text" name="q" id="searchbox" value="">
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+<div class=fancy>
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+Partial Indexes
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+Table Of Contents
+</a>
+<div id="toc_sub"><div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#creating_partial_indexes">2. Creating Partial Indexes</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#unique_partial_indexes">2.1. Unique Partial Indexes</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#queries_using_partial_indexes">3. Queries Using Partial Indexes</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#supported_versions">4. Supported Versions</a></div>
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+
+
+
+<h1 id="introduction"><span>1. </span>Introduction</h1>
+
+<p>
+A partial index is an index over a subset of the rows of a table.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In ordinary indexes, there is exactly one entry in the index for every
+row in the table.  In partial indexes, only some subset of the rows in the
+table have corresponding index entries.  For example, a partial index might
+omit entries for which the column being indexed is NULL.  When used 
+judiciously, partial indexes can result in smaller database files and
+improvements in both query and write performance.
+</p>
+
+<h1 id="creating_partial_indexes"><span>2. </span>Creating Partial Indexes</h1>
+
+<p>
+Create a partial index by adding a WHERE clause to the end of an 
+ordinary <a href="lang_createindex.html">CREATE INDEX</a> statement.
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/raise-function.html">raise-function:</a></b>
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+ <div id='x86bce0fe' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+<path d="M525,1155L597,1155"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/common-table-expression.html">common-table-expression:</a></b>
+<button id='xed020248' onclick='hideorshow("xed020248","x8d186611")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x8d186611' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/compound-operator.html">compound-operator:</a></b>
+<button id='x6044a522' onclick='hideorshow("x6044a522","xba1eac29")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='xba1eac29' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:293px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 293.842 147.96">
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+<path d="M83,32L127,32A15 15 0 0 0 142 17A15 15 0 0 0 127 2L83,2A15 15 0 0 0 68 17A15 15 0 0 0 83 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/join-clause.html">join-clause:</a></b>
+<button id='x1c466371' onclick='hideorshow("x1c466371","x61037950")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x61037950' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/join-constraint.html">join-constraint:</a></b>
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+ <div id='x9cd71951' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+<path d="M66,32L74,32A15 15 0 0 0 90 17A15 15 0 0 0 74 2L66,2A15 15 0 0 0 50 17A15 15 0 0 0 66 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M90,17L107,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M113,32L162,32L162,2L113,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M422,17L462,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,105 Q 24,120 39,120 L 188,120 L 203,120"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M209,120 L 422,120 Q 437,120 437,105 L 437,54 L 437,39"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/join-operator.html">join-operator:</a></b>
+<button id='x14e27900' onclick='hideorshow("x14e27900","x0cbe210c")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x0cbe210c' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:620px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 620.333 255.312">
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+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,56 Q 24,71 34,71 L 45,71"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M66,86L133,86A15 15 0 0 0 148 71A15 15 0 0 0 133 56L66,56A15 15 0 0 0 50 71A15 15 0 0 0 66 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M246,86L273,86A15 15 0 0 0 288 71A15 15 0 0 0 273 56L246,56A15 15 0 0 0 231 71A15 15 0 0 0 246 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M393,86L437,86A15 15 0 0 0 452 71A15 15 0 0 0 437 56L393,56A15 15 0 0 0 378 71A15 15 0 0 0 393 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M475,71 L 482,71 Q 490,71 490,56 L 490,56 Q 490,41 500,41 L 511,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M532,56L554,56A15 15 0 0 0 569 41A15 15 0 0 0 554 26L532,26A15 15 0 0 0 516 41A15 15 0 0 0 532 56Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<circle cx="614" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M310,32A15 15 0 0 0 325 17A15 15 0 0 0 310 2A15 15 0 0 0 295 17A15 15 0 0 0 310 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="310" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
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+<path d="M9,17L289,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M325,17L599,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M99,41L178,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M189,41L505,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="378,41 366,45 366,37" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
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+<polygon points="231,109 219,113 219,105" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,94 Q 204,109 215,109 L 225,109"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,124L284,124A15 15 0 0 0 299 109A15 15 0 0 0 284 94L246,94A15 15 0 0 0 231 109A15 15 0 0 0 246 124Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,132 Q 204,147 215,147 L 225,147"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,162L274,162A15 15 0 0 0 289 147A15 15 0 0 0 274 132L246,132A15 15 0 0 0 231 147A15 15 0 0 0 246 162Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M289,147 L 302,147 Q 314,147 314,132 L 314,109 L 314,94"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="231,192 219,196 219,188" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,177 Q 204,192 215,192 L 225,192"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,207L287,207A15 15 0 0 0 302 192A15 15 0 0 0 287 177L246,177A15 15 0 0 0 231 192A15 15 0 0 0 246 207Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M302,192L469,192"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M475,192 L 482,192 Q 490,192 490,185 L 490,177"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="231,238 219,242 219,233" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,223 Q 24,238 39,238 L 210,238 L 225,238"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,253L287,253A15 15 0 0 0 303 238A15 15 0 0 0 287 222L246,222A15 15 0 0 0 231 238A15 15 0 0 0 246 253Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M303,238L469,238"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M475,238 L 482,238 Q 490,238 490,223 L 490,71 L 490,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
+<button id='xc5f45ea3' onclick='hideorshow("xc5f45ea3","x5b638037")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x5b638037' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:798px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 798.451 99.576">
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+<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M9,17L26,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M32,32L81,32L81,2L32,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="56" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
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+<path d="M81,17 L 89,17 Q 96,17 96,30 Q 96,44 101,44 L 105,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M126,59L190,59A15 15 0 0 0 205 44L205,44A15 15 0 0 0 190 29L126,29A15 15 0 0 0 111 44L111,44A15 15 0 0 0 126 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M205,44L223,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M244,59L349,59A15 15 0 0 0 364 44L364,44A15 15 0 0 0 349 29L244,29A15 15 0 0 0 228 44L228,44A15 15 0 0 0 244 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M364,44 L 372,44 Q 379,44 379,30 Q 379,17 389,17 L 400,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="243,17 232,21 232,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M81,17L238,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M243,17L394,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="447,82 436,86 436,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M406,17 L 413,17 Q 421,17 421,32 L 421,67 Q 421,82 431,82 L 441,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M462,97L492,97A15 15 0 0 0 508 82A15 15 0 0 0 492 67L462,67A15 15 0 0 0 447 82A15 15 0 0 0 462 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M508,82 L 515,82 Q 523,82 523,67 L 523,32 Q 523,17 533,17 L 543,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M462,59L479,59A15 15 0 0 0 494 44L494,44A15 15 0 0 0 479 29L462,29A15 15 0 0 0 447 44L447,44A15 15 0 0 0 462 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="471" y="44" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ASC</text>
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+<path d="M421,29 L 421,36 Q 421,44 431,44 L 441,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M494,44 L 508,44 Q 523,44 523,36 L 523,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M477,17L538,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M549,17 L 557,17 Q 564,17 564,30 Q 564,44 574,44 L 585,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M606,59L648,59A15 15 0 0 0 663 44L663,44A15 15 0 0 0 648 29L606,29A15 15 0 0 0 591 44L591,44A15 15 0 0 0 606 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M701,59L735,59A15 15 0 0 0 750 44L750,44A15 15 0 0 0 735 29L701,29A15 15 0 0 0 686 44L686,44A15 15 0 0 0 701 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M750,44 L 757,44 Q 765,44 765,30 Q 765,17 775,17 L 786,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M606,97L648,97A15 15 0 0 0 663 82A15 15 0 0 0 648 67L606,67A15 15 0 0 0 591 82A15 15 0 0 0 606 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M701,97L727,97A15 15 0 0 0 742 82A15 15 0 0 0 727 67L701,67A15 15 0 0 0 686 82A15 15 0 0 0 701 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M564,29 L 564,67 Q 564,82 574,82 L 585,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M742,82 L 754,82 Q 765,82 765,67 L 765,44 L 765,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M670,17L780,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/result-column.html">result-column:</a></b>
+<button id='xd5843fee' onclick='hideorshow("xd5843fee","x831507a2")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x831507a2' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:398px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 398.054 163.08">
+<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M45,32L94,32L94,2L45,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M151,70L155,70A15 15 0 0 0 170 55L170,55A15 15 0 0 0 155 39L151,39A15 15 0 0 0 136 55L136,55A15 15 0 0 0 151 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M221,70L309,70A15 15 0 0 0 324 55L324,55A15 15 0 0 0 309 39L221,39A15 15 0 0 0 206 55L206,55A15 15 0 0 0 221 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/window-defn.html">window-defn:</a></b>
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+<path d="M382,17L630,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/signed-number.html">signed-number:</a></b>
+<button id='xc1e3cae5' onclick='hideorshow("xc1e3cae5","x667596d2")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x667596d2' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+<text x="66" y="82" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">-</text>
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+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/indexed-column.html">indexed-column:</a></b>
+<button id='x9ed4dfe8' onclick='hideorshow("x9ed4dfe8","xb7592bdd")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='xb7592bdd' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>
+Any index that includes the WHERE clause at the end is considered to be
+a partial index.  Indexes that omit the WHERE clause (or indexes that
+are created by UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraints inside of CREATE TABLE
+statements) are ordinary full indexes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The expression following the WHERE clause may contain operators,
+literal values, and names of columns in the table being indexed.
+The WHERE clause may <em>not</em> contain subqueries, references to other
+tables, <a href="deterministic.html">non-deterministic functions</a>, or <a href="lang_expr.html#varparam">bound parameters</a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+Only rows of the table for which the WHERE clause evaluates to true
+are included in the index.  If the WHERE clause expression evaluates 
+to NULL or to false for some rows of the table, then those rows are omitted 
+from the index.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The columns referenced in the WHERE clause of a partial index can be
+any of the columns in the table, not just columns that happen to be
+indexed.  However, it is very common for the WHERE clause
+expression of a partial index to be a simple expression on the column
+being indexed.  The following is a typical example:</p>
+
+<div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE INDEX po_parent ON purchaseorder(parent_po) WHERE parent_po IS NOT NULL;
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>In the example above, if most purchase orders do not have a "parent"
+purchase order, then most parent_po values will be NULL.  That means only
+a small subset of the rows in the purchaseorder table will be indexed.
+Hence the index will take up much less space.  And changes to the original
+purchaseorder table will run faster since the po_parent index only needs
+to be updated for those exceptional rows where parent_po is not NULL.
+But the index is still useful for querying.  In particular, if one wants
+to know all "children" of a particular purchase order "?1", the query
+would be:
+
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>SELECT po_num FROM purchaseorder WHERE parent_po=?1;
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>The query above will use the po_parent index to help find the answer,
+since the po_parent index contains entries for all rows of interest.
+Note that since po_parent is smaller than a full index, the query will
+likely run faster too.</p>
+
+<h2 id="unique_partial_indexes"><span>2.1. </span>Unique Partial Indexes</h2>
+
+<p>A partial index definition may include the UNIQUE keyword.  If it
+does, then SQLite requires every entry <em>in the index</em> to be unique.
+This provides a mechanism for enforcing uniqueness across some subset of
+the rows in a table.</p>
+
+<p>For example, suppose you have a database of the members of a large
+organization where each person is assigned to a particular "team".  
+Each team has a "leader" who is also a member of that team.  The
+table might look something like this:</p>
+
+<div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE TABLE person(
+  person_id       INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+  team_id         INTEGER REFERENCES team,
+  is_team_leader  BOOLEAN,
+  -- other fields elided
+);
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>The team_id field cannot be unique because there are usually multiple people
+on the same team.  One cannot make the combination of team_id and is_team_leader
+unique since there are usually multiple non-leaders on each team.  The
+solution to enforcing one leader per team is to create a unique index
+on team_id but restricted to those entries for which is_team_leader is
+true:</p>
+
+<div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE UNIQUE INDEX team_leader ON person(team_id) WHERE is_team_leader;
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>Coincidentally, that same index is useful for locating the team leader
+of a particular team:</p>
+
+<div class="codeblock"><pre>SELECT person_id FROM person WHERE is_team_leader AND team_id=?1;
+</pre></div>
+
+<h1 id="queries_using_partial_indexes"><span>3. </span>Queries Using Partial Indexes</h1>
+
+<p>Let X be the expression in the WHERE clause of a partial
+index, and let W be the WHERE clause of a query that uses the
+table that is indexed.  Then, the query is permitted to use 
+the partial index if W&#x21d2;X, where the &#x21d2; operator
+(usually pronounced "implies") is the logic operator 
+equivalent to "X or not W".
+Hence, determining whether or not a partial index
+is usable in a particular query reduces to proving a theorem in
+first-order logic.</p>
+
+<p>SQLite does <u>not</u> have a sophisticated theorem
+prover with which to determine W&#x21d2;X.  Instead, SQLite uses 
+two simple rules to find the common cases where W&#x21d2;X is true, and
+it assumes all the other cases are false.  The rules used by SQLite
+are these:
+
+</p><ol>
+<li><p>If W is AND-connected terms and X is
+OR-connected terms and if any term of W
+appears as a term of X, then the partial index is usable.</p>
+
+<p>For example, let the index be
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE INDEX ex1 ON tab1(a,b) WHERE a=5 OR b=6;
+</pre></div>
+<p>And let the query be:
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>SELECT * FROM tab1 WHERE b=6 AND a=7; <i>-- uses partial index</i>
+</pre></div>
+<p>Then the index is usable by the query because the "b=6" term appears
+in both the index definition and in the query.  Remember: terms in the
+index should be OR-connected and terms in the query should be AND-connected.</p>
+
+<p>The terms in W and X must match exactly.  SQLite does not
+do algebra to try to get them to look the same.
+The term "b=6" does not match "b=3+3" or "b-6=0" or "b BETWEEN 6 AND 6".
+"b=6" will match to "6=b" as long as "b=6" is on the index and "6=b" is
+in the query.  If a term of the form "6=b" appears in the index, it will
+never match anything.</p>
+
+</li><li><p>If a term in X is of the form "z IS NOT NULL" and if a term in
+       W is a comparison operator on "z" other than "IS", then those
+       terms match.</p>
+
+<p>Example:  Let the index be
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE INDEX ex2 ON tab2(b,c) WHERE c IS NOT NULL;
+</pre></div>
+<p>Then any query that uses operators =, &lt;, &gt;, &lt;=, &gt;=, &lt;&gt;,
+IN, LIKE, or GLOB on column "c" 
+would be usable with the partial index because those
+comparison operators are only true if "c" is not NULL.  So the following
+query could use the partial index:
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>SELECT * FROM tab2 WHERE b=456 AND c&lt;&gt;0;  <i>-- uses partial index</i>
+</pre></div>
+<p>But the next query can not use the partial index:
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>SELECT * FROM tab2 WHERE b=456;  <i>-- cannot use partial index</i>
+</pre></div>
+<p>The latter query can not use the partial index because there might be
+rows in the table with b=456 and where c is NULL.  But those rows would
+not be in the partial index.
+</p></li></ol>
+
+<p>These two rules describe how the query planner for SQLite works as of
+this writing (2013-08-01).  And the rules above will always be honored.
+However, future versions of SQLite might incorporate a better theorem prover
+that can find other cases where W&#x21d2;X is true and thus may
+find more instances where partial indexes are useful.</p>
+
+<h1 id="supported_versions"><span>4. </span>Supported Versions</h1>
+
+<p>
+Partial indexes have been supported in SQLite since <a href="releaselog/3_8_0.html">version 3.8.0</a>
+(2013-08-26).
+</p>
+
+<p>Database files that contain partial indices are not readable or writable
+by versions of SQLite prior to 3.8.0.  However, a database file created
+by SQLite 3.8.0 is still readable and writable by prior versions as long
+as its schema contains no partial indexes.  A database that is unreadable
+by legacy versions of SQLite can be made readable simply by running
+<a href="lang_dropindex.html">DROP INDEX</a> on the partial indexes.</p>
+<p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on  <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink"  data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/partialindex.in?m=ffe857a745">2022-04-18 02:55:50</a> UTC </small></i></p>
+
author	Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>	2024-04-13 14:07:11 +0000
committer	Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>	2024-04-13 14:07:11 +0000
commit	63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3 (patch)
tree	01c7571c7c762ceee70638549a99834fdd7c411b /www/partialindex.html
parent	Initial commit. (diff)
download	sqlite3-63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3.tar.xz sqlite3-63847496f14c813a5d80efd5b7de0f1294ffe1e3.zip