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<h2>Recent News</h2>
<a name="2024_03_12"></a><h3>2024-03-12 - <a href="releaselog/3_45_2.html">Version 3.45.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.45.2 is a patch against SQLite versions 3.45.0 and 3.45.1.
<p>
The primary reason for this patch is to fix two bugs three-year-old
bugs identified by Forum posts
<a href="https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/919c6579c8">919c6579c8</a>
and <a href="https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/440f2a2f17">440f2a2f17</a>.
These problems could results in incorrect query results or corrupt
indexes. See the associated forum threads for details.
<p>
Other trifling fixes are also included in the patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2024_01_30"></a><h3>2024-01-30 - <a href="releaselog/3_45_1.html">Version 3.45.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.45.1 is a patch against SQLite version 3.45.0.
<p>
The main focus of this patch release is to restore certain
undocumented legacy behavior in the <a href="json1.html">JSON SQL functions</a> that
the developers were unaware of but which some applications
had come to depend on. This undocumented behavior was "fixed"
in the 3.45.0, resulting in breakage for applications that were
using it. So it has now been restored and documented.
<p>
Other obscure issues that have come up since the 3.45.0 release,
some related to the release itself and some going back years,
are also fixed.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2024_01_15"></a><h3>2024-01-15 - <a href="releaselog/3_45_0.html">Version 3.45.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.45.0 is an enhancement release of SQLite.
<p>
The most impactful change is likely enhancements to
the <a href="json1.html">JSON SQL functions</a> such that they are now able to
store their internal JSON parse trees in the database
as BLOB values. This can significantly increase the
performance of applications that process large JSON
strings as it omits the need to translate JSON text
to and from the internal binary format used by SQLite.
<p>
A second noteworthy change is that any
<a href="appfunc.html">application-defined SQL functions</a> that make use of
the <a href="c3ref/result_subtype.html">sqlite3_result_subtype()</a> interface must now include
the <a href="c3ref/c_deterministic.html#sqliteresultsubtype">SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE</a> attribute when the function
is registered using <a href="c3ref/create_function.html">sqlite3_create_function()</a> or similar.
Failure to include the SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE attribute on
functions that use <a href="c3ref/result_subtype.html">sqlite3_result_subtype()</a> might result
in incorrect answers.
<p>
See the <a href="releaselog/3_45_0.html">change log</a>
for additional enhancements that are part of the 3.45.0 release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_11_24"></a><h3>2023-11-24 - <a href="releaselog/3_44_2.html">Version 3.44.2</a></h3><blockquote>
The <a href="cli.html">CLI</a> fix in version 3.44.1 introduced a new bug, which is
fixed by patch release 3.44.2. Version 3.44.2 also fixes an
FTS5 problem that was found by a fuzzer just minutes after the
3.44.1 release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_11_22"></a><h3>2023-11-22 - <a href="releaselog/3_44_1.html">Version 3.44.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.44.1 is a patch release that fixes various obscure
bugs. There is no need to upgrade, unless you are having
problems with a prior release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_11_01"></a><h3>2023-11-01 - <a href="releaselog/3_44_0.html">Version 3.44.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.44.0 is new enhancement release of SQLite.
<p>
It has only been 69 days since the previous major
release (3.43.0). The original plan was for version 3.44.0
to occur at a spacing of approximately 120 days from the
prior release. However, the code accumulated so many important
enhancements that is seemed better to accelerate the release
of 3.44.0, thus getting those enhancements into circulation.
This means that some enhancements that where originally
planned to be in 3.44.0 have been deferred until subsequent
releases.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_10_10"></a><h3>2023-10-10 - <a href="releaselog/3_43_2.html">Version 3.43.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.43.2 is a patch release that fixes a few small inaccuracies in
version 3.43.0 and 3.43.1.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_09_11"></a><h3>2023-09-11 - <a href="releaselog/3_43_1.html">Version 3.43.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.43.1 is a patch release that fixes a few small inaccuracies that were
discovered in the the 3.43.0 and/or 3.42.0 releases after the 3.43.0 release was
published.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_08_24"></a><h3>2023-08-24 - <a href="releaselog/3_43_0.html">Version 3.43.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.43.0 is a routine enhancement release of SQLite.
Key enhancements in this release include added support for
<a href="fts5.html#clssdeltab">Contentless-Delete FTS5 Indexes</a>,
and performance improvements in <a href="json1.html">JSON processing</a>.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_43_0.html">change log</a> for
details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_05_16"></a><h3>2023-05-16 - <a href="releaselog/3_42_0.html">Version 3.42.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.42.0 is a routine enhancement release of SQLite.
Key enhancements in this release are added support for
<a href="json1.html#json5">JSON5</a> and the <a href="fts5.html#the_secure_delete_configuration_option">FTS5 secure-delete command</a>. See the
<a href="releaselog/3_42_0.html">change log</a> for a
summary of all enhancements in this release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_03_22"></a><h3>2023-03-22 - <a href="releaselog/3_41_2.html">Version 3.41.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.41.2 is a patch release that fixes multiple
fuzzer-found problems in prior releases. The worst problems
include reads (not writes) past the end of a buffer. Upgrading
is recommended.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_03_10"></a><h3>2023-03-10 - <a href="releaselog/3_41_1.html">Version 3.41.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.41.1 is a patch release that fixes various obscure
problems found in 3.41.0 and reported by users. Upgrading
is optional.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2023_02_21"></a><h3>2023-02-21 - <a href="releaselog/3_41_0.html">Version 3.41.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.41.0 is a routine enhancement release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_12_28"></a><h3>2022-12-28 - <a href="releaselog/3_40_1.html">Version 3.40.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.40.1 is a patch release that fixes some obscure problems
in version 3.40.0. The problems fixed have no impact on most applications.
Upgrading is only necessary if you encounter problems.
<p>
The two most important fixes are these:
<ul>
<li><p>
Fix the <a href="cli.html#safemode">safe command-line option</a> on the <a href="cli.html">CLI</a> so that it
correctly disallows functions with side-effects. This is a bug
in the CLI — <i>not</i> a bug in the
SQLite library — and it only affects the --safe command-line
option, making that option less than fully "safe". As the number
of systems that use the --safe command-line option in the CLI is
approximately zero, this is not considered an important bug. However,
a third-party wrote a CVE against it which caused considerable angst
among maintainers, so it seems good to get the fix into circulation
sooner rather than wait on the next major release.
<li><p>
The optional <a href="malloc.html#memsys5">memsys5</a> memory allocator picked up a bug that might
put it into an infinite loop for very large (500MiB) allocations.
Almost all systems use their native memory allocator, not memsys5.
Memsys5 is only used if SQLite is compiled using SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
and then initialized using <a href="c3ref/config.html">sqlite3_config</a>(<a href="c3ref/c_config_covering_index_scan.html#sqliteconfigheap">SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</a>).
Very, very few systems do this, and so the problem is not considered
to be serious.
</ul>
<p>
See the <a href="https://sqlite.org/src/timeline?r=branch-3.40">branch-3.40 timeline</a>
for a complete listing of changes that have gone into this patch release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_11_16"></a><h3>2022-11-16 - <a href="releaselog/3_40_0.html">Version 3.40.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.40.0 is a new feature release of SQLite. See the
<a href="releaselog/3_40_0.html">change log</a> for details.
Key enhancements in this release include:
<ol>
<li><p>
Official support for compiling
<a href="https://sqlite.org/wasm/doc/trunk/index.md">SQLite to WASM</a>
and running it in a web browser.
<li><p>
New and improved <a href="recovery.html">recovery extension</a> for extracting
data from corrupted database files.
</ol>
<p>
This release also includes performance enhancements and
improvements to the query planner.
<p>
A psychological milestone: The performance benchmark that
the SQLite developers have used for many years has for
the first time dropped below 1 billion CPU cycles
(measured using cachegrind) when run in <a href="wal.html">WAL mode</a>.
This is less than half the number of CPU cycles used as
recently as 8 years ago. (The graph below shows SQLite using
a <a href="lockingv3.html#rollback">rollback journal</a> which uses fewer CPU cycles at the expense
of extra I/O. The benchmark passed through the 1 billion cycle
barrier for rollback journals for the previous release.)
<p align="center">
<img src="images/sschart20221116.jpg" align="center" style="margin:1px solid grey;"></img>
</p>
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_09_29"></a><h3>2022-09-29 - <a href="releaselog/3_39_4.html">Version 3.39.4</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.39.4 is a security release that addresses a single
long-standing problem in the <a href="fts3.html">FTS3 extension</a>. An attacker
who is able to execute arbitrary SQL statements and who can create
a corrupt database that is 2GB or larger in size might be able to trick
FTS3 into overflowing an integer used to size a memory allocation,
causing the allocation to be too small and ultimately resulting in
a buffer overrun. The release also includes fixes for other
obscure weaknesses, as described in the release notes.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_09_05"></a><h3>2022-09-05 - <a href="releaselog/3_39_3.html">Version 3.39.3</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.39.3 is a patch release that fixes a few obscure problems
in the 3.39.0 release. See the release notes for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_07_21"></a><h3>2022-07-21 - <a href="releaselog/3_39_2.html">Version 3.39.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.39.2 is a security release that addresses multiple long-standing
issues in SQLite. The most severe problem is identified by CVE-2022-35737.
That issue is associated with the auxiliary C-language APIs
of SQLite and cannot be reached using SQL or database inputs, and hence is
unlikely to affect your application. Nevertheless, upgrading is recommended.
The other issues are comparatively minor.
This release also fixes a performance regression that appeared in version
3.39.0 that might affect some multi-way joins that use LEFT JOIN.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_07_13"></a><h3>2022-07-13 - <a href="releaselog/3_39_1.html">Version 3.39.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.39.1 is a patch release that fixes a few minor problem in version
3.39.0. Upgrading is optional.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_06_25"></a><h3>2022-06-25 - <a href="releaselog/3_39_0.html">Version 3.39.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.39.0 is regular maintenance release of SQLite. The key enhancement
in this release is added support for RIGHT and FULL JOIN. There are other
language and performance enhancements as well — see the
<a href="releaselog/3_39_0.html">release notes</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_05_06"></a><h3>2022-05-06 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_5.html">Version 3.38.5</a></h3><blockquote>
The 3.38.4 patch release included a minor change to the <a href="cli.html">CLI</a> source code
that did not work. The release manager only ran a subset of the normal
release tests, and hence did not catch the problem. As a result, the CLI
will segfault when using columnar output modes in version 3.38.4. This
blunder did not affect the core SQLite library. It only affected the CLI.
<p>
Take-away lesson: <b>Always</b> run <b>all</b> of your tests prior to
a release - even a trival patch release. <b>Always</b>.
<p>
The 3.38.5 patch release fixes the 3.38.4 blunder.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_05_04"></a><h3>2022-05-04 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_4.html">Version 3.38.4</a></h3><blockquote>
Another user-discovered problem in the new Bloom filter optimization
is fixed in this patch release. Without the fix, it is possible for
a multi-way join that uses a Bloom filters for two or more tables in
the join to enter an infinite loop if the key constraint on one of those
tables contains a NULL value.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_04_27"></a><h3>2022-04-27 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_3.html">Version 3.38.3</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.38.3 fixes a bug in the automatic-index and Bloom filter
construction logic that might cause SQLite to be overly aggressive
in the use of ON clause constraints, resulting in an incorrect
automatic-index or Bloom filter that excludes some valid rows from
output. The bug was introduced in version 3.38.0. Other minor
changes were tossed in to complete the patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_03_26"></a><h3>2022-03-26 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_2.html">Version 3.38.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.38.2 fixes another bug in the new Bloom filter
optimization that might cause incorrect answers for a
LEFT JOIN that has an IS NULL constraint on the right-hand
table.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_03_12"></a><h3>2022-03-12 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_1.html">Version 3.38.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.38.1 fixes a pair of bugs in the Bloom filter
optimization that was introduced in version 3.38.0. These
bugs might cause incorrect answers for some obscure queries.
Various other minor problems and documentation typos were
fixed at the same time.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_02_22"></a><h3>2022-02-22 - <a href="releaselog/3_38_0.html">Version 3.38.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.38.0 is a routine maintenance release of
SQLite. There are various minor enhancements and
about a 0.5% reduction in the number of CPU cycles
used. See the
<a href="releaselog/3_38_0.html">release notes</a> for
more detail.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2022_01_06"></a><h3>2022-01-06 - <a href="releaselog/3_37_2.html">Version 3.37.2</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.37.2 fixes a
<a href="howtocorrupt.html#svptbug">database corruption bug</a>. You are
encouraged to upgrade, especially if you are using <a href="lang_savepoint.html">SAVEPOINT</a>.</p>
<p>The problem first appeared in version 3.35.0 (2021-03-12) and
affects all subsequent releases through 3.37.1.
If temporary files are store in memory (which is not the default
behavior, but is sometimes selected by applications using either
<a href="compile.html#temp_store">-DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE</a> or <a href="pragma.html#pragma_temp_store">PRAGMA temp_store</a>) and
if a <a href="lang_savepoint.html">SAVEPOINT</a> is rolled back and then subsequent changes
within the same transaction are committed, the database file might
(with low but non-zero probability) go corrupt.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_12_30"></a><h3>2021-12-30 - <a href="releaselog/3_37_1.html">Version 3.37.1</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.37.1 fixes a bug in the <a href="lang_upsert.html">UPSERT</a> logic, introduced by
the UPSERT enhancements of <a href="releaselog/3_35_0.html">version 3.35.0</a>, that can cause
incorrect byte-code to be generated in some cases, resulting
in an infinite loop in the byte code, or a NULL-pointer dereference.
This patch release also fixes some other minor problems with
assert() statements and in the <a href="cli.html">CLI</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_11_27"></a><h3>2021-11-27 - <a href="releaselog/3_37_0.html">Version 3.37.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.37.0 is a routine maintenance release of SQLite.
The biggest new feature in this release is support for
<a href="stricttables.html">STRICT tables</a>. Other enhancements are described in
the <a href="releaselog/3_37_0.html">release notes</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_06_18"></a><h3>2021-06-18 - <a href="releaselog/3_36_0.html">Version 3.36.0</a></h3><blockquote>
Version 3.36.0 is a routine maintenance release of SQLite.
There are no new major features, only incremental improvements
to existing features and small performance improvements.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_04_19"></a><h3>2021-04-19 - Patch release 3.35.5</h3><blockquote>
The new ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN capability that was added
in the 3.35.0 release contained a bug that might cause the
table content to go corrupt when the table was rewritten
to remove the dropped column. Fixed by this patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_04_02"></a><h3>2021-04-02 - Patch release 3.35.4</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.35.4 is yet another patch release to fix
obscure problems in features associated with the 3.35.0.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_03_26"></a><h3>2021-03-26 - Patch release 3.35.3</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.35.3 contains patches for a handful of minor
problems discovered in prior releases.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_03_17"></a><h3>2021-03-17 - Patch release 3.35.2</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.35.2 is a small patch release to fix some minor problems
that were discovered shortly after the 3.35.1 release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_03_15"></a><h3>2021-03-15 - Patch release 3.35.1</h3><blockquote>
A user discovered an issue with the new DROP COLUMN capability
in version 3.35.0, and so version 3.35.1 was created to fix it.
No need to upgrade if you are not using DROP COLUMN.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2021_03_12"></a><h3>2021-03-12 - Release 3.35.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite version 3.35.0 is a routine maintenance release. This
release adds a number of new language features, including
support for ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN, built-in math functions,
generalized UPSERT, and the MATERIALIZED hint on common table
expressions. There are also query planner optimizations and
incremental CLI improvements.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_01_20"></a><h3>2020-01-20 - Release 3.34.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite version 3.34.1 is a patch releases that fixes a possible
use-after-free bug that can be provoked by malicious SQL. Other
minor issues in extensions and documentation are also fixed.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_12_01"></a><h3>2020-12-01 - Release 3.34.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite version 3.34.0 is a routine maintenance release. This
release adds incremental improvements to performance and features,
including enhancements to the query planner, multiple recursive
SELECTS in recursive common table expressions, and better error messages
from CHECK constraint failures. See the change log for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_08_14"></a><h3>2020-08-14 - Release 3.33.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite version 3.33.0 is a routine maintenance release. This
release features added support for "UPDATE FROM" following the
PostgreSQL syntax, and a doubling of the maximum database size
to 281 TB, as well as many other improvements. See the change
log for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_06_18"></a><h3>2020-06-18 - Release 3.32.3</h3><blockquote>
The 3.32.3 release is a patch release that contains fixes for
various issues discovered by fuzzers. None of the issues fixed
are likely to be encountered by applications that use SQLite in
ordinary ways, though upgrading never hurts.
<p>
Map of all changes since the 3.32.0 release:
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/timeline?p=version-3.32.3&bt=version-3.32.0">https://www.sqlite.org/src/timeline?p=version-3.32.3&bt=version-3.32.0</a>
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_06_04"></a><h3>2020-06-04 - Release 3.32.2</h3><blockquote>
The 3.32.2 release is a one-line change relative to 3.32.1
that fixes a long-standing bug in the COMMIT command. Since
<a href="releaselog/3_17_0.html">version 3.17.0</a>, if you were to retry a COMMIT command over
and over after it returns <a href="rescode.html#busy">SQLITE_BUSY</a>, it might eventually
report success, even though it was still blocked. This patch
fixes the problem.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_05_25"></a><h3>2020-05-25 - Release 3.32.1</h3><blockquote>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_hat">Grey-hats</a> published
information about two SQLite bugs approximately 24 hours after
the release of version 3.32.0. These bugs enable maliciously
crafted SQL to crash the process that is running SQLite. Both
bugs are long-standing problems that affect releases prior to
3.32.0. The 3.32.1 release fixes both problems.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_05_22"></a><h3>2020-05-22 - Release 3.32.0</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.32.0 is an ordinary maintenance release of SQLite.
This release features the ability to run an
<a href="lang_analyze.html#approx">approximate ANALYZE</a> to gather database statistics for
use by the query planner, without having to scan every row
of every index.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_32_0.html">change log</a> for additional enhancements
and improvements.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_01_27"></a><h3>2020-01-27 - Release 3.31.1</h3><blockquote>
Applications that use SQLite should only interface with SQLite
through the officially published APIs. Applications should not
depend upon or use the internal data structures of SQLite as those
structures might change from one release to another. However, there
is a popular application that does depend on the details of the
internal layout of data in an internal SQLite data structure, and
those details changed in version 3.31.0, breaking the application.
This is, technically, a bug in the application, not in SQLite.
But it is within the power of SQLite to fix it, by reverting the
internal data structure change, and so that is what we have done
for the 3.31.1 release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2020_01_22"></a><h3>2020-01-22 - Release 3.31.0</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.31.0 is an ordinary maintenance release of SQLite.
This release features the ability to define
<a href="gencol.html">generated columns</a> for tables as well as many other enhancements.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_31_0.html">change log</a> for additional information.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_10_11"></a><h3>2019-10-11 - Release 3.30.1</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.30.1 is a bug-fix release that addresses a problem
that can occur when an aggregate function in a nested query
makes use of the new FILTER clause capability. Some addition
patches for various obscure issues are also included, for
completeness.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_10_04"></a><h3>2019-10-04 - Release 3.30.0</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.30.0 is a regularly scheduled maintenance release
of SQLite containing miscellaneous performance and feature
enhancements. This release adds support fo the NULLS FIRST
and NULLS LAST clauses on ORDER BY statements and the
addition of FILTER clauses on all aggregate functions.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_30_0.html">change log</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_07_10"></a><h3>2019-07-10 - Release 3.29.0</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.29.0 is a regularly scheduled maintenance release
of SQLite containing miscellaneous performance and feature
enhancements. See the <a href="releaselog/3_29_0.html">change log</a> for
details.
<p>
Beginning with this release, the
<a href="quirks.html#dblquote">double-quoted string literal</a> misfeature is deprecated.
The misfeature is still enabled by default, for legacy
compatibility, however developers are encouraged to
disable it at compile-time using the
<a href="compile.html#dqs">-DSQLITE_DQS=0</a> option, or at run-time using
the <a href="c3ref/c_dbconfig_defensive.html#sqlitedbconfigdqsdml">SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</a> and <a href="c3ref/c_dbconfig_defensive.html#sqlitedbconfigdqsddl">SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</a>
actions to the <a href="c3ref/db_config.html">sqlite3_db_config()</a> interface. This is
especially true for double-quoted string literals in
CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX statements, as those elements
can cause unexpected problems following an ALTER TABLE.
See ticket <a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/9b78184be266fd70">9b78184be266fd70</a>
for an example.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_04_16"></a><h3>2019-04-16 - Release 3.28.0</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.28.0 is a regularly scheduled maintenance release
of SQLite containing miscellaneous performance and feature
enhancements. See the <a href="releaselog/3_28_0.html">change log</a> for
details.
<p>
This release fixes an obscure security issue. Applications
using older versions of SQLite may be vulnerable if
<ol>
<li> SQLite is compiled with certain optional extensions
enabled, and
<li> the attacker is able to inject arbitrary SQL.
</ol>
We are not aware of any applications that are vulnerable to
this problem. On the other hand, we do not know about
every application that uses SQLite.
If your application allows unauthenticated users on the internet
(and hence potential attackers) to run arbitrary SQL and if
you build SQLite with any of the optional extensions enabled,
then you should take this upgrade at your earliest opportunity.
<p>
For further information about improving SQLite's robustness
in internet-facing applications, see the our
<a href="security.html">security recommendations</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_02_25"></a><h3>2019-02-25 - Release 3.27.2</h3><blockquote>
Version 3.27.2 is a patch release that
fixes a two bugs and various documentation
errors found in the version 3.27.1. The
changes from version 3.27.1 and 3.27.0 are
minimal.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_02_08"></a><h3>2019-02-08 - Release 3.27.1</h3><blockquote>
After release 3.27.0 was tagged, but before the build could
be completed and uploaded, a
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/4e8e4857d32d401f">long-standing bug</a>
in the query optimizer was reported via System.Data.SQLite.
Since people will be upgrading anyhow, we decided
publish the fix for this newly discovered problems right
away. Hence, 3.27.1 was released less than 24 hours after
3.27.0.
<p>
It would have been better if the query optimizer bug had come to
our attention one day earlier, so that we could have incorporated
a fix into 3.27.0, but sometimes that's the way things go.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2019_02_07"></a><h3>2019-02-07 - Release 3.27.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_27_0.html">version 3.27.0</a> is a routine maintenance release with various
performance and feature enhancements. See the
<a href="releaselog/3_27_0.html">release notes</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_12_01"></a><h3>2018-12-01 - Release 3.26.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_26_0.html">version 3.26.0</a> is a routine maintenance release with various
performance and feature enhancements. See the
<a href="releaselog/3_26_0.html">release notes</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_11_05"></a><h3>2018-11-05 - Release 3.25.3</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_25_3.html">version 3.25.3</a> is a third patch against 3.25.0 that fixes various
problems that have come to light and which seem serious enough to
justify a patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_09_25"></a><h3>2018-09-25 - Release 3.25.2</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_25_2.html">version 3.25.2</a> is another patch against 3.25.0 that fixes still
more problems associated with the new <a href="windowfunctions.html">window function</a> feature and the
<a href="lang_altertable.html">ALTER TABLE</a> enhancements. Of particular note is the new
<a href="pragma.html#pragma_legacy_alter_table">PRAGMA legacy_alter_table=ON</a> command, which causes the ALTER TABLE RENAME
command to behave in the same goofy way that it did before the enhancements
found in version 3.25.0 → references to renamed tables that are inside
the bodies of triggers and views are not updated. The legacy behavior is
arguably a bug, but some programs depend on the older buggy behavior. The
3.25.2 release also contains a fix to <a href="windowfunctions.html">window function</a> processing for
VIEWs. There also a slew of other minor fixes that affect obscure
compile-time options. See the
<a href="https://sqlite.org/src/timeline?r=branch-3.25">Fossil Timeline</a> for
details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_09_18"></a><h3>2018-09-18 - Release 3.25.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_25_1.html">version 3.25.1</a> is a patch against version 3.25.0 that contains
two one-line fixes for bug that were introduced in version 3.25.0.
See the change log for details. Upgrading from 3.25.0 is recommended.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_09_15"></a><h3>2018-09-15 - Release 3.25.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_25_0.html">version 3.25.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
Two big enhancements in this release:
<ol>
<li><p>
Support for <a href="windowfunctions.html">window functions</a> was added, using the PostgreSQL documentation
as the baseline.
<li><p>
The <a href="lang_altertable.html">ALTER TABLE</a> command was enhanced to support renaming of columns, and
so that column and table renames are propagated into trigger bodies and views.
</ol>
<p>In addition, there are various performance enhancements and minor fixes.
<p>One bug of note is
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/9936b2fa443fec03ff25">ticket 9936b2fa443fec</a>
which describes a hard-to-reach condition where the ORDER BY LIMIT
optimization might cause an infinite loop during query evaluation.
This ticket raised a lot of
concern on
<a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17964243">HackerNews</a> and
<a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/9ezy8c/serious_bug_causing_infinite_loop_in_some_queries/">Reddit</a>,
probably due to my choice of the ticket
title. "Infinite Loop" sounds scary. But I argue that the bug isn't really
all that bad in that it is very difficult to reach, will show up during
testing (rather than magically appearing after a product is
deployed), does not cause any data loss, and does not return an
incorrect result. It was an important error, but not nearly as dire
as many people interpreted it to be. And, in any event, it is fixed now.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_06_04"></a><h3>2018-06-04 - Release 3.24.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_24_0.html">version 3.24.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
Highlights of this release include support for PostgreSQL-style
UPSERT and improved performance, especially for ORDER BY LIMIT queries.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_04_10"></a><h3>2018-04-10 - Release 3.23.1</h3><blockquote>
The <a href="releaselog/3_23_1.html">version 3.23.1</a> release fixes a bug in the new
<a href="optoverview.html#leftjoinreduction">LEFT JOIN strength reduction optimization</a> added to version 3.23.0.
A few other minor and obscure fixes were also inserted, as well as
a small performance optimization. Code changes relative to
version 3.23.0 are minimal.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_04_02"></a><h3>2018-04-02 - Release 3.23.0</h3><blockquote>
The <a href="releaselog/3_23_0.html">version 3.23.0</a> release is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_23_0.html">change log</a> for a list of enhancements and bug
fixes.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2018_01_22"></a><h3>2018-01-22 - Release 3.22.0</h3><blockquote>
The <a href="releaselog/3_22_0.html">version 3.22.0</a> release is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
There are many minor, though interesting, enhancements in this release.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_22_0.html">change log</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_10_24"></a><h3>2017-10-24 - Release 3.21.0</h3><blockquote>
The <a href="releaselog/3_21_0.html">version 3.21.0</a> release is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
There are lots of enhancements in this release.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_21_0.html">change log</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_08_24"></a><h3>2017-08-24 - Release 3.20.1</h3><blockquote>
The <a href="releaselog/3_20_1.html">version 3.20.1</a> patch release changes two lines of code in
the <a href="c3ref/result_blob.html">sqlite3_result_pointer()</a> interface in order to fix a rare
memory leak. There are no other changes relative to <a href="releaselog/3_20_0.html">version 3.20.0</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_08_01"></a><h3>2017-08-01 - Release 3.20.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_20_0.html">version 3.20.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release
of SQLite.
<p>
This release contains many minor enhancements, including:
<ul>
<li> Several new extensions
<li> Enhancements to the "sqlite3.exe" command-line shell
<li> Query planner enhancements
<li> Miscellaneous code optimizations for improved performance
<li> Fixes for some obscure bugs
</ul>
<p>
See the <a href="releaselog/3_20_0.html">release notes</a> for more information.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_06_17"></a><h3>2017-06-17 - Release 3.18.2</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_18_2.html">version 3.18.2</a> is another backport of a bug fix found
in SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_19_0.html">version 3.19.0</a>, specifically the fix for
ticket <a href="https://sqlite.org/src/info/61fe9745">61fe9745</a>. Changes
against <a href="releaselog/3_18_0.html">version 3.18.0</a> are minimal.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_06_16"></a><h3>2017-06-16 - Release 3.18.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_18_1.html">version 3.18.1</a> is a bug-fix release against <a href="releaselog/3_18_0.html">version 3.18.0</a>
that fixes the <a href="pragma.html#pragma_auto_vacuum">auto_vacuum</a> corruption bug described in ticket
<a href="https://sqlite.org/src/info/fda22108">fda22108</a>. This release was
created for users who need that bug fix but do not yet want to upgrade
to <a href="releaselog/3_19_3.html">version 3.19.3</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_06_08"></a><h3>2017-06-08 - Release 3.19.3</h3><blockquote>
<a href="releaselog/3_19_3.html">Version 3.19.3</a> is an emergency patch release to fix a
<a href="https://sqlite.org/src/info/fda22108">bug</a> in
<a href="pragma.html#pragma_auto_vacuum">auto_vacuum</a> logic that can lead to database corruption.
The bug was introduced in <a href="releaselog/3_16_0.html">version 3.16.0</a>
(2017-01-02). Though the bug is obscure and rarely
encountered, upgrading is recommended for all users, and
especially for users who turn on <a href="pragma.html#pragma_auto_vacuum">auto_vacuum</a>.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_05_25"></a><h3>2017-05-25 - Release 3.19.2</h3><blockquote>
Still more problems have been found in the LEFT JOIN
<a href="https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#flattening">flattening</a> optimization
that was added in the 3.19.0 release. This patch release fixes all known
issues with that optimization and adds new test cases. Hopefully this
will be the last patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_05_24"></a><h3>2017-05-24 - Release 3.19.1</h3><blockquote>
One of the new query planner optimizations in the 3.19.0 release contained
bugs. The 3.19.1 patch release fixes them.
<p>
Beginning with 3.19.0, subqueries and views on the right-hand side of
a LEFT JOIN operator could sometimes be
<a href="https://sqlite.org/optoverview.html#flattening">flattened</a> into the
main query. The new optimization worked well for all of the test cases
that the developers devised, and for millions of legacy test cases, but
once 3.19.0 was released, users found some other cases where the optimization
failed. Ticket
<a href="https://sqlite.org/src/info/cad1ab4cb7b0fc344">cad1ab4cb7b0fc344</a> contains
examples.
<p>
These problems exist only in 3.19.0. Users of SQLite 3.19.0 should
upgrade, but users of all prior versions of SQLite are safe.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_05_22"></a><h3>2017-05-22 - Release 3.19.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_19_0.html">version 3.19.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
<p>
The emphasis on this release is improvements to the query planner.
There are also some obscure bug fixes. There is no reason to upgrade
unless you are having problems with a prior release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_03_30"></a><h3>2017-03-30 - Release 3.18.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_18_0.html">version 3.18.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
<p>
This release features an initial implementation the
"<a href="pragma.html#pragma_optimize">PRAGMA optimize</a>" command. This command can now be used to cause
<a href="lang_analyze.html">ANALYZE</a> to be run on an as-needed basis. Applications should invoke
"PRAGMA optimize" just before closing the <a href="c3ref/sqlite3.html">database connection</a>.
The "PRAGMA optimize" statement will likely be enhanced to do other
kinds of automated database maintenance in future releases.
<p>
The <a href="https://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil</a> version control system that is
used to manage the SQLite project has been upgraded to use SHA3-256 hashes
instead of SHA1. Therefore, the version identifications for SQLite now
show a 64-hex-digit SHA3-256 hash rather than the 40-hex-digit SHA1 hash.
<p>
See the <a href="releaselog/3_18_0.html">change log</a> for other enhancements and optimizations
in this release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_02_13"></a><h3>2017-02-13 - Release 3.17.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_17_0.html">version 3.17.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
<p>
Most of the changes in this release are performance optimizations.
Optimizations to the <a href="rtree.html">R-Tree extension</a> are especially noticeable.
<p>
In this release, the default size of the
<a href="malloc.html#lookaside">lookaside buffer</a> allocated for each database connection
is increased from 64,000 to 120,000 bytes. This provides improved
performance on many common workloads in exchange for a small increase
in memory usage.
Applications that value a small memory footprint over raw speed
can change the lookaside buffer size back to its old value (or to zero)
using the <a href="compile.html#default_lookaside">SQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE</a> compile-time option, or the
<a href="c3ref/c_config_covering_index_scan.html#sqliteconfiglookaside">sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE)</a>
start-time setting, or the
<a href="c3ref/c_dbconfig_defensive.html#sqlitedbconfiglookaside">sqlite3_db_config(SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE)</a>
run-time setting.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_01_06"></a><h3>2017-01-06 - Release 3.16.2</h3><blockquote>
One of the performance optimizations added in 3.16.0 caused triggers
and foreign keys to malfunction for the <a href="lang_replace.html">REPLACE</a> statement on
<a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables that lack secondary indexes. This patch
release fixes the problem. See ticket
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/30027b613b4">30027b613b4</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_01_03"></a><h3>2017-01-03 - Release 3.16.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_16_1.html">version 3.16.1</a> fixes a bug in the row-value logic for UPDATE
statements inside of triggers. The bug has been there since row-values
were added by release 3.15.0, but was not discovered until just a few
minutes after the 3.16.0 release was published, and so it was not fixed
by 3.16.0. This patch release is version 3.16.0 with the row-value bug fix.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2017_01_02"></a><h3>2017-01-02 - Release 3.16.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_16_0.html">version 3.16.0</a> is a regularly schedule maintenance release.</p>
<p><p>
This release includes many <a href="cpu.html#microopt">microoptimizations</a> that collectively reduce
the CPU cycle count by about 9%,
add there have been important enhancements to the <a href="cli.html">command-line shell</a>.</p>
<p><p>Support for <a href="pragma.html#pragfunc">PRAGMA functions</a> is added,
so that many pragma statements can be used as part of a larger SQL query.
This is considered an experimental feature.
We do not anticipate any changes to the <a href="pragma.html#pragfunc">PRAGMA function</a> interface, but
will keep continue to call this interface "experimental" for a few release
cycles in case unforeseen issues arise.</p>
<p><p>See the <a href="releaselog/3_16_0.html">change log</a> for other enhancements.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_11_28"></a><h3>2016-11-28 - Release 3.15.2</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_15_2.html">version 3.15.2</a> is a bug-fix patch release that fixes several minor
issues in the 3.15.0 and 3.15.1 releases.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_11_04"></a><h3>2016-11-04 - Release 3.15.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_15_1.html">version 3.15.1</a> is a bug-fix patch release that fixes some minor
issues in the 3.15.0 release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_10_14"></a><h3>2016-10-14 - Release 3.15.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_15_0.html">version 3.15.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
The key feature in this release is the added support for
<a href="rowvalue.html">row values</a>. There are also other enhancements and
fixes for a number of obscure bugs.
<p>
The 3.15.0 release uses about 7% fewer CPU cycles than 3.14.2.
Most of the improvement in this release
is in the SQL parser, query planner, and
byte-code generator (the front-end) corresponding
to the <a href="c3ref/prepare.html">sqlite3_prepare_v2()</a> interface. Overall,
version 3.15.0 uses about half as much CPU time as
version 3.8.1 (2013-10-17). These
performance measurements are made using the "speedtest1.c"
workload on x64 compiled with gcc and -Os. Performance
improvements may vary with different platforms and
workloads.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_09_12"></a><h3>2016-09-12 - Release 3.14.2</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_14_2.html">version 3.14.2</a> fixes several obscure bugs and adds
improved support for building SQLite using the STDCALL calling
convention on 32-bit windows systems. Upgrading from versions
3.14 and 3.14.1 is optional.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_08_11"></a><h3>2016-08-11 - Release 3.14.1</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_14_1.html">version 3.14.1</a> adds a small patch to improve the performance
of the pcache1TruncateUnsafe() routine for cases when the only a few
pages on the end of the cache are being removed. This causes COMMITs
to run faster when there is a very large page cache. Upgrading from
version 3.14 is optional.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_08_08"></a><h3>2016-08-08 - Release 3.14</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_14.html">version 3.14</a> (the "π" release)
is a regularly scheduled maintenance
release containing performance enhancements, new features, and fixes for
obscure bugs.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_05_18"></a><h3>2016-05-18 - Release 3.13.0</h3><blockquote>
SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_13_0.html">version 3.13.0</a> is a regularly schedule maintenance release containing
performance enhancements and fixes for obscure bugs.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_04_18"></a><h3>2016-04-18 - Release 3.12.2</h3><blockquote>
<p>Yikes! The 3.12.0 and 3.12.1 releases contain a backwards compatibility bug!
Tables that declare a column with type <tt>"INTEGER" PRIMARY KEY</tt>
(where the datatype name INTEGER is quoted) generate an incompatible
database file. The mistake came about because the developers have never
thought to put a typename in quotes before, and so there was no documentation
of that capability nor any tests. (There are tests now, though, of course.)
Instances of quoting the datatype name are probably infrequent in the wild,
so we do not expect the impact of this bug to be too severe.
Upgrading is still strongly recommended.
<p>Fixes for three other minor issues were included in this patch release.
The other issues would have normally been deferred until the next scheduled
release, but since a patch release is being issued anyhow, they might as
well be included.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_04_08"></a><h3>2016-04-08 - Release 3.12.1</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_12_1.html">version 3.12.1</a> is an emergency patch release to address a
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/7f7f8026eda38">crash bug</a> that snuck
into <a href="releaselog/3_12_0.html">version 3.12.0</a>. Upgrading from version 3.12.0 is highly
recommended.
<p>Another minor problem involving datatypes on <a href="lang_createview.html">view</a> columns, and
a query planner deficiency are fixed at the same time. These two
issues did not justify a new release on their own, but since a release
is being issued to deal with the crash bug, we included these other
fixes for good measure.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_03_29"></a><h3>2016-03-29 - Release 3.12.0</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_12_0.html">version 3.12.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
A notable change in this release is an
<a href="pgszchng2016.html">increase in the default page size</a> for newly created database files.
There are also various performance improvements.
See the <a href="releaselog/3_12_0.html">change log</a> for details.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_03_03"></a><h3>2016-03-03 - Release 3.11.1</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_11_1.html">version 3.11.1</a> is a patch release that fixes problems in the
new <a href="fts5.html">FTS5</a> extension and increases a default setting in the <a href="spellfix1.html">spellfix1</a>
extension, and implements enhancements to some of the Windows makefiles.
The SQLite core is unchanged from 3.11.0. Upgrading is optional.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_02_15"></a><h3>2016-02-15 - Release 3.11.0</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_11_0.html">version 3.11.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_01_20"></a><h3>2016-01-20 - Release 3.10.2</h3><blockquote>
<p>Yikes! An optimization attempt gone bad resulted in a
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/80369eddd5c94">bug in the LIKE operator</a>
which is fixed by this patch release.
Three other minor but low-risk fixes are also included in the patch.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_01_14"></a><h3>2016-01-14 - Release 3.10.1</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_10_1.html">version 3.10.1</a> is a bug-fix release primarily targeting the
fix for the query planner bug
<a href="https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/cb3aa0641d9a4">cb3aa0641d9a4</a> discovered by
Mapscape. Also included is a minor API enhancement requested by
the Firefox developers at Mozilla. The differences from version
3.10.0 are minimal.
</blockquote><hr width="50%"><a name="2016_01_06"></a><h3>2016-01-06 - Release 3.10.0</h3><blockquote>
<p>SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_10_0.html">version 3.10.0</a> is a regularly scheduled maintenance release.
</blockquote><hr width="50%">
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