Adding upstream version 256.upstream/256

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1262 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/units/TEST-64-UDEV-STORAGE.sh b/test/units/TEST-64-UDEV-STORAGE.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5ddddf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/units/TEST-64-UDEV-STORAGE.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,1262 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+# vi: ts=4 sw=4 tw=0 et:
+
+set -eux
+set -o pipefail
+
+# Check if all symlinks under /dev/disk/ are valid
+# shellcheck disable=SC2120
+helper_check_device_symlinks() {(
+    set +x
+
+    local dev link path paths target
+
+    [[ $# -gt 0 ]] && paths=("$@") || paths=("/dev/disk" "/dev/mapper")
+
+    # Check if all given paths are valid
+    for path in "${paths[@]}"; do
+        if ! test -e "$path"; then
+            echo >&2 "Path '$path' doesn't exist"
+            return 1
+        fi
+    done
+
+    while read -r link; do
+        target="$(readlink -f "$link")"
+        # Both checks should do virtually the same thing, but check both to be
+        # on the safe side
+        if [[ ! -e "$link" || ! -e "$target" ]]; then
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: symlink '$link' points to '$target' which doesn't exist"
+            return 1
+        fi
+
+        # Check if the symlink points to the correct device in /dev
+        dev="/dev/$(udevadm info -q name "$link")"
+        if [[ "$target" != "$dev" ]]; then
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: symlink '$link' points to '$target' but '$dev' was expected"
+            return 1
+        fi
+    done < <(find "${paths[@]}" -type l)
+)}
+
+helper_check_udev_watch() {(
+    set +x
+
+    local link target id dev
+
+    while read -r link; do
+        target="$(readlink "$link")"
+        if [[ ! -L "/run/udev/watch/$target" ]]; then
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: symlink /run/udev/watch/$target does not exist"
+            return 1
+        fi
+        if [[ "$(readlink "/run/udev/watch/$target")" != "$(basename "$link")" ]]; then
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: symlink target of /run/udev/watch/$target is inconsistent with $link"
+            return 1
+        fi
+
+        if [[ "$target" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+            # $link is ID -> wd
+            id="$(basename "$link")"
+        else
+            # $link is wd -> ID
+            id="$target"
+        fi
+
+        if [[ "${id:0:1}" == "b" ]]; then
+            dev="/dev/block/${id:1}"
+        elif [[ "${id:0:1}" == "c" ]]; then
+            dev="/dev/char/${id:1}"
+        else
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: unexpected device ID '$id'"
+            return 1
+        fi
+
+        if [[ ! -e "$dev" ]]; then
+            echo >&2 "ERROR: device '$dev' corresponding to symlink '$link' does not exist"
+            return 1
+        fi
+    done < <(find /run/udev/watch -type l)
+)}
+
+check_device_unit() {(
+    set +x
+
+    local log_level link links path syspath unit
+
+    log_level="${1?}"
+    path="${2?}"
+    unit=$(systemd-escape --path --suffix=device "$path")
+
+    [[ "$log_level" == 1 ]] && echo "INFO: check_device_unit($unit)"
+
+    syspath=$(systemctl show --value --property SysFSPath "$unit" 2>/dev/null)
+    if [[ -z "$syspath" ]]; then
+        [[ "$log_level" == 1 ]] && echo >&2 "ERROR: $unit not found."
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    if [[ ! -L "$path" ]]; then
+        if [[ ! -d "$syspath" ]]; then
+            [[ "$log_level" == 1 ]] && echo >&2 "ERROR: $unit exists for $syspath but it does not exist."
+            return 1
+        fi
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    if [[ ! -b "$path" && ! -c "$path" ]]; then
+        [[ "$log_level" == 1 ]] && echo >&2 "ERROR: invalid file type $path"
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    read -r -a links < <(udevadm info -q symlink "$syspath" 2>/dev/null)
+    for link in "${links[@]}"; do
+        if [[ "/dev/$link" == "$path" ]]; then # DEVLINKS= given by -q symlink are relative to /dev
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+
+    read -r -a links < <(udevadm info "$syspath" | sed -ne '/SYSTEMD_ALIAS=/ { s/^E: SYSTEMD_ALIAS=//; p }' 2>/dev/null)
+    for link in "${links[@]}"; do
+        if [[ "$link" == "$path" ]]; then # SYSTEMD_ALIAS= are absolute
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+
+    [[ "$log_level" == 1 ]] && echo >&2 "ERROR: $unit exists for $syspath but it does not have the corresponding DEVLINKS or SYSTEMD_ALIAS."
+    return 1
+)}
+
+check_device_units() {(
+    set +x
+
+    local log_level path paths
+
+    log_level="${1?}"
+    shift
+    paths=("$@")
+
+    for path in "${paths[@]}"; do
+        if ! check_device_unit "$log_level" "$path"; then
+           return 1
+        fi
+    done
+
+    while read -r unit _; do
+        path=$(systemd-escape --path --unescape "$unit")
+        if ! check_device_unit "$log_level" "$path"; then
+           return 1
+        fi
+    done < <(systemctl list-units --all --type=device --no-legend dev-* | awk '$1 !~ /dev-tty.+/ && $4 == "plugged" { print $1 }' | sed -e 's/\.device$//')
+
+    return 0
+)}
+
+helper_check_device_units() {(
+    set +x
+
+    local i
+
+    for i in {1..20}; do
+        (( i > 1 )) && sleep 0.5
+        if check_device_units 0 "$@"; then
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+
+    check_device_units 1 "$@"
+)}
+
+testcase_virtio_scsi_basic() {
+    lsblk -S
+    [[ "$(lsblk --scsi --noheadings | wc -l)" -ge 128 ]]
+}
+
+testcase_nvme_basic() {
+    local expected_symlinks=()
+    local i
+
+    for (( i = 0; i < 5; i++ )); do
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            # both replace mode provides the same devlink
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_deadbeef"$i"
+            # with nsid
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_deadbeef"$i"_1
+        )
+    done
+    for (( i = 5; i < 10; i++ )); do
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            # old replace mode
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl__deadbeef_"$i"
+            # newer replace mode
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_____deadbeef__"$i"
+            # with nsid
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_____deadbeef__"$i"_1
+        )
+    done
+    for (( i = 10; i < 15; i++ )); do
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            # old replace mode does not provide devlink, as serial contains "/"
+            # newer replace mode
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_____dead_beef_"$i"
+            # with nsid
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_____dead_beef_"$i"_1
+        )
+    done
+    for (( i = 15; i < 20; i++ )); do
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            # old replace mode does not provide devlink, as serial contains "/"
+            # newer replace mode
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_dead_.._.._beef_"$i"
+            # with nsid
+            /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_dead_.._.._beef_"$i"_1
+        )
+    done
+
+    udevadm settle
+    ls /dev/disk/by-id
+    for i in "${expected_symlinks[@]}"; do
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "$i"
+    done
+
+    lsblk --noheadings | grep "^nvme"
+    [[ "$(lsblk --noheadings | grep -c "^nvme")" -ge 20 ]]
+}
+
+testcase_nvme_subsystem() {
+    local expected_symlinks=(
+        # Controller(s)
+        /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_deadbeef
+        /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_deadbeef_16
+        /dev/disk/by-id/nvme-QEMU_NVMe_Ctrl_deadbeef_17
+        # Shared namespaces
+        /dev/disk/by-path/pci-*-nvme-16
+        /dev/disk/by-path/pci-*-nvme-17
+    )
+
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+}
+
+testcase_virtio_scsi_identically_named_partitions() {
+    local num_part num_disk i j
+
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS || "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        num_part=4
+        num_disk=4
+    else
+        num_part=8
+        num_disk=16
+    fi
+
+    for ((i = 0; i < num_disk; i++)); do
+        udevadm lock --device "/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_drive$i" \
+                sfdisk "/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_drive$i" <<EOF
+label: gpt
+
+$(for ((j = 1; j <= num_part; j++)); do echo 'name="Hello world", size=2M'; done)
+EOF
+    done
+
+    udevadm settle
+    lsblk --noheadings -a -o NAME,PARTLABEL
+    [[ "$(lsblk --noheadings -a -o NAME,PARTLABEL | grep -c "Hello world")" -eq "$((num_part * num_disk))" ]]
+}
+
+testcase_multipath_basic_failover() {
+    local dmpath i path wwid
+
+    # Configure multipath
+    cat >/etc/multipath.conf <<\EOF
+defaults {
+    # Use /dev/mapper/$WWN paths instead of /dev/mapper/mpathX
+    user_friendly_names no
+    find_multipaths yes
+    enable_foreign "^$"
+}
+
+blacklist_exceptions {
+    property "(SCSI_IDENT_|ID_WWN)"
+}
+
+blacklist {
+}
+EOF
+
+    udevadm lock --device /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0xdeaddeadbeef0000 \
+            sfdisk /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0xdeaddeadbeef0000 <<EOF
+label: gpt
+
+name="first_partition", size=5M
+uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000000", name="failover_part", size=5M
+EOF
+    udevadm settle
+    udevadm lock --device /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0xdeaddeadbeef0000-part2 \
+            mkfs.ext4 -U "deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-111111111111" -L "failover_vol" /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0xdeaddeadbeef0000-part2
+
+    modprobe -v dm_multipath
+    systemctl start multipathd.service
+    systemctl status multipathd.service
+    multipath -ll
+    udevadm settle
+    ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
+
+    for i in {0..15}; do
+        wwid="deaddeadbeef$(printf "%.4d" "$i")"
+        path="/dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x$wwid"
+        dmpath="$(readlink -f "$path")"
+
+        lsblk "$path"
+        multipath -C "$dmpath"
+        # We should have 4 active paths for each multipath device
+        [[ "$(multipath -l "$path" | grep -c running)" -eq 4 ]]
+    done
+
+    # Test failover (with the first multipath device that has a partitioned disk)
+    echo "${FUNCNAME[0]}: test failover"
+    local device expected link mpoint part
+    local -a devices
+    mkdir -p /mnt
+    mpoint="$(mktemp -d /mnt/mpathXXX)"
+    wwid="deaddeadbeef0000"
+    path="/dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x$wwid"
+
+    # All following symlinks should exists and should be valid
+    local -a part_links=(
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x$wwid-part2"
+        "/dev/disk/by-partlabel/failover_part"
+        "/dev/disk/by-partuuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000000"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/failover_vol"
+        "/dev/disk/by-uuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-111111111111"
+    )
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${part_links[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_units "${part_links[@]}"
+
+    # Choose a random symlink to the failover data partition each time, for
+    # a better coverage
+    part="${part_links[$RANDOM % ${#part_links[@]}]}"
+
+    # Get all devices attached to a specific multipath device (in H:C:T:L format)
+    # and sort them in a random order, so we cut off different paths each time
+    mapfile -t devices < <(multipath -l "$path" | grep -Eo '[0-9]+:[0-9]+:[0-9]+:[0-9]+' | sort -R)
+    if [[ "${#devices[@]}" -ne 4 ]]; then
+        echo "Expected 4 devices attached to WWID=$wwid, got ${#devices[@]} instead"
+        return 1
+    fi
+    # Drop the last path from the array, since we want to leave at least one path active
+    unset "devices[3]"
+    # Mount the first multipath partition, write some data we can check later,
+    # and then disconnect the remaining paths one by one while checking if we
+    # can still read/write from the mount
+    mount -t ext4 "$part" "$mpoint"
+    expected=0
+    echo -n "$expected" >"$mpoint/test"
+    # Sanity check we actually wrote what we wanted
+    [[ "$(<"$mpoint/test")" == "$expected" ]]
+
+    for device in "${devices[@]}"; do
+        echo offline >"/sys/class/scsi_device/$device/device/state"
+        [[ "$(<"$mpoint/test")" == "$expected" ]]
+        expected="$((expected + 1))"
+        echo -n "$expected" >"$mpoint/test"
+
+        # Make sure all symlinks are still valid
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${part_links[@]}"
+        helper_check_device_units "${part_links[@]}"
+    done
+
+    multipath -l "$path"
+    # Three paths should be now marked as 'offline' and one as 'running'
+    [[ "$(multipath -l "$path" | grep -c offline)" -eq 3 ]]
+    [[ "$(multipath -l "$path" | grep -c running)" -eq 1 ]]
+
+    umount "$mpoint"
+    rm -fr "$mpoint"
+}
+
+testcase_simultaneous_events_1() {
+    local disk expected i iterations key link num_part part partscript rule target timeout
+    local -a devices symlinks
+    local -A running
+
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS || "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        num_part=2
+        iterations=10
+        timeout=240
+    else
+        num_part=10
+        iterations=100
+        timeout=60
+    fi
+
+    for disk in {0..9}; do
+        link="/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_deadbeeftest${disk}"
+        target="$(readlink -f "$link")"
+        if [[ ! -b "$target" ]]; then
+            echo "ERROR: failed to find the test SCSI block device $link"
+            return 1
+        fi
+
+        devices+=("$target")
+    done
+
+    for ((part = 1; part <= num_part; part++)); do
+        symlinks+=(
+            "/dev/disk/by-partlabel/test${part}"
+        )
+    done
+
+    partscript="$(mktemp)"
+
+    cat >"$partscript" <<EOF
+$(for ((part = 1; part <= num_part; part++)); do printf 'name="test%d", size=2M\n' "$part"; done)
+EOF
+
+    rule=/run/udev/rules.d/50-test.rules
+    mkdir -p "${rule%/*}"
+    cat >"$rule" <<EOF
+SUBSYSTEM=="block", KERNEL=="${devices[4]##*/}*|${devices[5]##*/}*", OPTIONS="link_priority=10"
+EOF
+
+    udevadm control --reload
+
+    # initialize partition table
+    for disk in {0..9}; do
+        echo 'label: gpt' | udevadm lock --device="${devices[$disk]}" sfdisk -q "${devices[$disk]}"
+    done
+
+    # Delete the partitions, immediately recreate them, wait for udev to settle
+    # down, and then check if we have any dangling symlinks in /dev/disk/. Rinse
+    # and repeat.
+    #
+    # On unpatched udev versions the delete-recreate cycle may trigger a race
+    # leading to dead symlinks in /dev/disk/
+    for ((i = 1; i <= iterations; i++)); do
+        for disk in {0..9}; do
+            if ((disk % 2 == i % 2)); then
+                udevadm lock --device="${devices[$disk]}" sfdisk -q --delete "${devices[$disk]}" &
+            else
+                udevadm lock --device="${devices[$disk]}" sfdisk -q -X gpt "${devices[$disk]}" <"$partscript" &
+            fi
+            running[$disk]=$!
+        done
+
+        for key in "${!running[@]}"; do
+            wait "${running[$key]}"
+            unset "running[$key]"
+        done
+
+        if ((i % 10 <= 1)); then
+            udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "${devices[@]}" "${symlinks[@]}"
+            helper_check_device_symlinks
+            helper_check_udev_watch
+            for ((part = 1; part <= num_part; part++)); do
+                link="/dev/disk/by-partlabel/test${part}"
+                target="$(readlink -f "$link")"
+                if ((i % 2 == 0)); then
+                    expected="${devices[5]}$part"
+                else
+                    expected="${devices[4]}$part"
+                fi
+                if [[ "$target" != "$expected" ]]; then
+                    echo >&2 "ERROR: symlink '/dev/disk/by-partlabel/test${part}' points to '$target' but '$expected' was expected"
+                    return 1
+                fi
+            done
+        fi
+    done
+
+    helper_check_device_units
+    rm -f "$rule" "$partscript"
+
+    udevadm control --reload
+}
+
+testcase_simultaneous_events_2() {
+    local disk expected i iterations key link num_part part script_dir target timeout
+    local -a devices symlinks
+    local -A running
+
+    script_dir="$(mktemp --directory "/tmp/test-udev-storage.script.XXXXXXXXXX")"
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2064
+    trap "rm -rf '$script_dir'" RETURN
+
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS || "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        num_part=20
+        iterations=1
+        timeout=2400
+    else
+        num_part=100
+        iterations=3
+        timeout=300
+    fi
+
+    for disk in {0..9}; do
+        link="/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_deadbeeftest${disk}"
+        target="$(readlink -f "$link")"
+        if [[ ! -b "$target" ]]; then
+            echo "ERROR: failed to find the test SCSI block device $link"
+            return 1
+        fi
+
+        devices+=("$target")
+    done
+
+    for ((i = 1; i <= iterations; i++)); do
+        cat >"$script_dir/partscript-$i" <<EOF
+$(for ((part = 1; part <= num_part; part++)); do printf 'name="testlabel-%d", size=1M\n' "$i"; done)
+EOF
+    done
+
+    echo "## $iterations iterations start: $(date '+%H:%M:%S.%N')"
+    for ((i = 1; i <= iterations; i++)); do
+
+        for disk in {0..9}; do
+            udevadm lock --device="${devices[$disk]}" sfdisk -q --delete "${devices[$disk]}" &
+            running[$disk]=$!
+        done
+
+        for key in "${!running[@]}"; do
+            wait "${running[$key]}"
+            unset "running[$key]"
+        done
+
+        for disk in {0..9}; do
+            udevadm lock --device="${devices[$disk]}" sfdisk -q -X gpt "${devices[$disk]}" <"$script_dir/partscript-$i" &
+            running[$disk]=$!
+        done
+
+        for key in "${!running[@]}"; do
+            wait "${running[$key]}"
+            unset "running[$key]"
+        done
+
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "${devices[@]}" "/dev/disk/by-partlabel/testlabel-$i"
+    done
+    echo "## $iterations iterations end: $(date '+%H:%M:%S.%N')"
+}
+
+testcase_simultaneous_events() {
+    testcase_simultaneous_events_1
+    testcase_simultaneous_events_2
+}
+
+testcase_lvm_basic() {
+    local i iterations partitions part timeout
+    local vgroup="MyTestGroup$RANDOM"
+    local devices=(
+        /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeeflvm{0..3}
+    )
+
+    . /etc/os-release
+    if [[ "$ID" == "ubuntu" ]]; then
+        echo "LVM on Ubuntu is broken, skipping the test" | tee --append /skipped
+        exit 77
+    fi
+
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS || "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        timeout=180
+    else
+        timeout=30
+    fi
+    # Make sure all the necessary soon-to-be-LVM devices exist
+    ls -l "${devices[@]}"
+
+    # Add all test devices into a volume group, create two logical volumes,
+    # and check if necessary symlinks exist (and are valid)
+    lvm pvcreate -y "${devices[@]}"
+    lvm pvs
+    lvm vgcreate "$vgroup" -y "${devices[@]}"
+    lvm vgs
+    lvm vgchange -ay "$vgroup"
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 4M "$vgroup" -n mypart1
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 32M "$vgroup" -n mypart2
+    lvm lvs
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L mylvpart1 "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # Mount mypart1 through by-label devlink
+    mkdir -p /tmp/mypart1-mount-point
+    mount /dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1 /tmp/mypart1-mount-point
+    timeout 30 bash -c "until systemctl -q is-active /tmp/mypart1-mount-point; do sleep .2; done"
+    # Extend the partition and check if the device and mount units are still active.
+    # See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2158628
+    # Note, the test below may be unstable with LVM2 without the following patch:
+    # https://github.com/lvmteam/lvm2/pull/105
+    # But, to reproduce the issue, udevd must start to process the first 'change' uevent
+    # earlier than extending the volume has been finished, and in most case, the extension
+    # is hopefully fast.
+    lvm lvextend -y --size 8M "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    timeout 30 bash -c "until systemctl -q is-active '/dev/$vgroup/mypart1'; do sleep .2; done"
+    timeout 30 bash -c "until systemctl -q is-active /tmp/mypart1-mount-point; do sleep .2; done"
+    # Umount the partition, otherwise the underlying device unit will stay in
+    # the inactive state and not be collected, and helper_check_device_units() will fail.
+    systemctl show /tmp/mypart1-mount-point
+    umount /tmp/mypart1-mount-point
+
+    # Rename partitions (see issue #24518)
+    lvm lvrename "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" renamed1
+    lvm lvrename "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" renamed2
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" --removed "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/$vgroup/renamed1" "/dev/$vgroup/renamed2"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # Rename them back
+    lvm lvrename "/dev/$vgroup/renamed1" mypart1
+    lvm lvrename "/dev/$vgroup/renamed2" mypart2
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" --removed "/dev/$vgroup/renamed1" "/dev/$vgroup/renamed2"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # Do not "unready" suspended encrypted devices w/o superblock info
+    # See:
+    #   - https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/24177
+    #   - https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1985288
+    dd if=/dev/urandom of=/etc/lvm_keyfile bs=64 count=1 iflag=fullblock
+    chmod 0600 /etc/lvm_keyfile
+    # Intentionally use weaker cipher-related settings, since we don't care
+    # about security here as it's a throwaway LUKS partition
+    cryptsetup luksFormat -q --use-urandom --pbkdf pbkdf2 --pbkdf-force-iterations 1000 \
+                          "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" /etc/lvm_keyfile
+    # Mount the LUKS partition & create a filesystem on it
+    mkdir -p /tmp/lvmluksmnt
+    cryptsetup open --key-file=/etc/lvm_keyfile "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" "lvmluksmap"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L lvmluksfs "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/disk/by-label/lvmluksfs"
+    # Make systemd "interested" in the mount by adding it to /etc/fstab
+    echo "/dev/disk/by-label/lvmluksfs /tmp/lvmluksmnt ext4 defaults 0 2" >>/etc/fstab
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    mount "/tmp/lvmluksmnt"
+    mountpoint "/tmp/lvmluksmnt"
+    # Temporarily suspend the LUKS device and trigger udev - basically what `cryptsetup resize`
+    # does but in a more deterministic way suitable for a test/reproducer
+    for _ in {0..5}; do
+        dmsetup suspend "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+        udevadm trigger -v --settle "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+        dmsetup resume "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+        # The mount should survive this sequence of events
+        mountpoint "/tmp/lvmluksmnt"
+    done
+    # Cleanup
+    umount "/tmp/lvmluksmnt"
+    cryptsetup close "/dev/mapper/lvmluksmap"
+    sed -i "/lvmluksfs/d" "/etc/fstab"
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+
+    # Disable the VG and check symlinks...
+    lvm vgchange -an "$vgroup"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" --removed "/dev/$vgroup" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # reenable the VG and check the symlinks again if all LVs are properly activated
+    lvm vgchange -ay "$vgroup"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # Same as above, but now with more "stress"
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS || "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        iterations=10
+    else
+        iterations=50
+    fi
+
+    for ((i = 1; i <= iterations; i++)); do
+        lvm vgchange -an "$vgroup"
+        lvm vgchange -ay "$vgroup"
+
+        if ((i % 5 == 0)); then
+            udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+            helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+            helper_check_device_units
+        fi
+    done
+
+    # Remove the first LV
+    lvm lvremove -y "$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" --removed "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm wait --timeout=0 "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    # Create & remove LVs in a loop, i.e. with more "stress"
+    if [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS ]]; then
+        iterations=8
+        partitions=16
+    elif [[ "$(systemd-detect-virt -v)" == "qemu" ]]; then
+        iterations=8
+        partitions=8
+    else
+        iterations=16
+        partitions=16
+    fi
+
+    for ((i = 1; i <= iterations; i++)); do
+        # 1) Create some logical volumes
+        for ((part = 0; part < partitions; part++)); do
+            lvm lvcreate -y -L 4M "$vgroup" -n "looppart$part"
+        done
+
+        # 2) Immediately remove them
+        lvm lvremove -y $(seq -f "$vgroup/looppart%g" 0 "$((partitions - 1))")
+
+        # 3) On every 4th iteration settle udev and check if all partitions are
+        #    indeed gone, and if all symlinks are still valid
+        if ((i % 4 == 0)); then
+            for ((part = 0; part < partitions; part++)); do
+                udevadm wait --settle --timeout="$timeout" --removed "/dev/$vgroup/looppart$part"
+            done
+            helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+            helper_check_device_units
+        fi
+    done
+}
+
+testcase_btrfs_basic() {
+    local dev_stub i label mpoint uuid
+    local devices=(
+        /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefbtrfs{0..3}
+    )
+
+    if ! modinfo btrfs; then
+        echo "This test requires the btrfs kernel module but it is not installed, skipping the test" | tee --append /skipped
+        exit 77
+    fi
+
+    ls -l "${devices[@]}"
+
+    echo "Single device: default settings"
+    uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000000"
+    label="btrfs_root"
+    udevadm lock --device="${devices[0]}" mkfs.btrfs -f -L "$label" -U "$uuid" "${devices[0]}"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${devices[0]}" "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid" "/dev/disk/by-label/$label"
+    btrfs filesystem show
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    echo "Multiple devices: using partitions, data: single, metadata: raid1"
+    uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000001"
+    label="btrfs_mpart"
+    udevadm lock --device="${devices[0]}" sfdisk --wipe=always "${devices[0]}" <<EOF
+label: gpt
+
+name="diskpart1", size=85M
+name="diskpart2", size=85M
+name="diskpart3", size=85M
+name="diskpart4", size=85M
+EOF
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 /dev/disk/by-partlabel/diskpart{1..4}
+    udevadm lock --device="${devices[0]}" mkfs.btrfs -f -d single -m raid1 -L "$label" -U "$uuid" /dev/disk/by-partlabel/diskpart{1..4}
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid" "/dev/disk/by-label/$label"
+    btrfs filesystem show
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    wipefs -a -f "${devices[0]}"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed /dev/disk/by-partlabel/diskpart{1..4}
+
+    echo "Multiple devices: using disks, data: raid10, metadata: raid10, mixed mode"
+    uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000002"
+    label="btrfs_mdisk"
+    udevadm lock \
+            --device=/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefbtrfs0 \
+            --device=/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefbtrfs1 \
+            --device=/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefbtrfs2 \
+            --device=/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefbtrfs3 \
+            mkfs.btrfs -f -M -d raid10 -m raid10 -L "$label" -U "$uuid" "${devices[@]}"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid" "/dev/disk/by-label/$label"
+    btrfs filesystem show
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    echo "Multiple devices: using LUKS encrypted disks, data: raid1, metadata: raid1, mixed mode"
+    uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000003"
+    label="btrfs_mencdisk"
+    mpoint="/btrfs_enc$RANDOM"
+    mkdir "$mpoint"
+    # Create a key-file
+    dd if=/dev/urandom of=/etc/btrfs_keyfile bs=64 count=1 iflag=fullblock
+    chmod 0600 /etc/btrfs_keyfile
+    # Encrypt each device and add it to /etc/crypttab, so it can be mounted
+    # automagically later
+    : >/etc/crypttab
+    for ((i = 0; i < ${#devices[@]}; i++)); do
+        # Intentionally use weaker cipher-related settings, since we don't care
+        # about security here as it's a throwaway LUKS partition
+        udevadm lock --device="${devices[$i]}" \
+                cryptsetup luksFormat -q \
+                --use-urandom --pbkdf pbkdf2 --pbkdf-force-iterations 1000 \
+                --uuid "deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-11111111111$i" --label "encdisk$i" "${devices[$i]}" /etc/btrfs_keyfile
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-uuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-11111111111$i" "/dev/disk/by-label/encdisk$i"
+        # Add the device into /etc/crypttab, reload systemd, and then activate
+        # the device so we can create a filesystem on it later
+        echo "encbtrfs$i UUID=deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-11111111111$i /etc/btrfs_keyfile luks" >>/etc/crypttab
+        systemctl daemon-reload
+        systemctl start "systemd-cryptsetup@encbtrfs$i"
+    done
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Check if we have all necessary DM devices
+    ls -l /dev/mapper/encbtrfs{0..3}
+    # Create a multi-device btrfs filesystem on the LUKS devices
+    udevadm lock \
+            --device=/dev/mapper/encbtrfs0 \
+            --device=/dev/mapper/encbtrfs1 \
+            --device=/dev/mapper/encbtrfs2 \
+            --device=/dev/mapper/encbtrfs3 \
+            mkfs.btrfs -f -M -d raid1 -m raid1 -L "$label" -U "$uuid" /dev/mapper/encbtrfs{0..3}
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid" "/dev/disk/by-label/$label"
+    btrfs filesystem show
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Mount it and write some data to it we can compare later
+    mount -t btrfs /dev/mapper/encbtrfs0 "$mpoint"
+    echo "hello there" >"$mpoint/test"
+    # "Deconstruct" the btrfs device and check if we're in a sane state (symlink-wise)
+    umount "$mpoint"
+    systemctl stop systemd-cryptsetup@encbtrfs{0..3}
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Add the mount point to /etc/fstab and check if the device can be put together
+    # automagically. The source device is the DM name of the first LUKS device
+    # (from /etc/crypttab). We have to specify all LUKS devices manually, as
+    # registering the necessary devices is usually initrd's job (via btrfs device scan)
+    dev_stub="/dev/mapper/encbtrfs"
+    echo "/dev/mapper/encbtrfs0 $mpoint btrfs device=${dev_stub}0,device=${dev_stub}1,device=${dev_stub}2,device=${dev_stub}3 0 2" >>/etc/fstab
+    # Tell systemd about the new mount
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    # Restart cryptsetup.target to trigger autounlock of partitions in /etc/crypttab
+    systemctl restart cryptsetup.target
+    # Start the corresponding mount unit and check if the btrfs device was reconstructed
+    # correctly
+    systemctl start "${mpoint##*/}.mount"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid" "/dev/disk/by-label/$label"
+    btrfs filesystem show
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    grep "hello there" "$mpoint/test"
+    # Cleanup
+    systemctl stop "${mpoint##*/}.mount"
+    systemctl stop systemd-cryptsetup@encbtrfs{0..3}
+    sed -i "/${mpoint##*/}/d" /etc/fstab
+    : >/etc/crypttab
+    rm -fr "$mpoint"
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    udevadm settle
+}
+
+testcase_iscsi_lvm() {
+    local dev i label link lun_id mpoint target_name uuid
+    local target_ip="127.0.0.1"
+    local target_port="3260"
+    local vgroup="iscsi_lvm$RANDOM"
+    local expected_symlinks=()
+    local devices=(
+        /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefiscsi{0..3}
+    )
+
+    . /etc/os-release
+    if [[ "$ID" == "ubuntu" ]]; then
+        echo "LVM on Ubuntu is broken, skipping the test" | tee --append /skipped
+        exit 77
+    fi
+
+    ls -l "${devices[@]}"
+
+    # Start the target daemon (debian names it tgt.service so make sure we handle that)
+    if systemctl list-unit-files tgt.service; then
+        systemctl start tgt
+        systemctl status tgt
+    elif systemctl list-unit-files tgtd.service; then
+        systemctl start tgtd
+        systemctl status tgtd
+    else
+        echo "This test requires tgtd but it is not installed, skipping ..." | tee --append /skipped
+        exit 77
+    fi
+
+    echo "iSCSI LUNs backed by devices"
+    # See RFC3721 and RFC7143
+    target_name="iqn.2021-09.com.example:iscsi.test"
+    # Initialize a new iSCSI target <$target_name> consisting of 4 LUNs, each
+    # backed by a device
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op new --mode target --tid=1 --targetname "$target_name"
+    for ((i = 0; i < ${#devices[@]}; i++)); do
+        # lun-0 is reserved by iSCSI
+        lun_id="$((i + 1))"
+        tgtadm --lld iscsi --op new --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun "$lun_id" -b "${devices[$i]}"
+        tgtadm --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 1 --lun "$lun_id"
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            "/dev/disk/by-path/ip-$target_ip:$target_port-iscsi-$target_name-lun-$lun_id"
+        )
+    done
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op bind --mode target --tid 1 -I ALL
+    # Configure the iSCSI initiator
+    iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal "$target_ip" --discover
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --login
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --logout
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op delete --mode target --tid=1
+
+    echo "iSCSI LUNs backed by files + LVM"
+    # Note: we use files here to "trick" LVM the disks are indeed on a different
+    #       host, so it doesn't automagically detect another path to the backing
+    #       device once we disconnect the iSCSI devices
+    target_name="iqn.2021-09.com.example:iscsi.lvm.test"
+    mpoint="$(mktemp -d /iscsi_storeXXX)"
+    expected_symlinks=()
+    # Use the first device as it's configured with larger capacity
+    udevadm lock --device "${devices[0]}" mkfs.ext4 -L iscsi_store "${devices[0]}"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${devices[0]}"
+    mount "${devices[0]}" "$mpoint"
+    for i in {1..4}; do
+        dd if=/dev/zero of="$mpoint/lun$i.img" bs=1M count=32
+    done
+    # Initialize a new iSCSI target <$target_name> consisting of 4 LUNs, each
+    # backed by a file
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op new --mode target --tid=2 --targetname "$target_name"
+    # lun-0 is reserved by iSCSI
+    for i in {1..4}; do
+        tgtadm --lld iscsi --op new --mode logicalunit --tid 2 --lun "$i" -b "$mpoint/lun$i.img"
+        tgtadm --lld iscsi --op update --mode logicalunit --tid 2 --lun "$i"
+        expected_symlinks+=(
+            "/dev/disk/by-path/ip-$target_ip:$target_port-iscsi-$target_name-lun-$i"
+        )
+    done
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op bind --mode target --tid 2 -I ALL
+    # Configure the iSCSI initiator
+    iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal "$target_ip" --discover
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --login
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Add all iSCSI devices into a LVM volume group, create two logical volumes,
+    # and check if necessary symlinks exist (and are valid)
+    lvm pvcreate -y "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    lvm pvs
+    lvm vgcreate "$vgroup" -y "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    lvm vgs
+    lvm vgchange -ay "$vgroup"
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 4M "$vgroup" -n mypart1
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 8M "$vgroup" -n mypart2
+    lvm lvs
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L mylvpart1 "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Disconnect the iSCSI devices and check all the symlinks
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --logout
+    # "Reset" the DM state, since we yanked the backing storage from under the LVM,
+    # so the currently active VGs/LVs are invalid
+    dmsetup remove_all --deferred
+    # The LVM and iSCSI related symlinks should be gone
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "/dev/$vgroup" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1" "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk"
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Reconnect the iSCSI devices and check if everything get detected correctly
+    iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal "$target_ip" --discover
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --login
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2" "/dev/disk/by-label/mylvpart1"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks "/dev/disk" "/dev/$vgroup"
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    iscsiadm --mode node --targetname "$target_name" --portal "$target_ip:$target_port" --logout
+    tgtadm --lld iscsi --op delete --mode target --tid=2
+    umount "$mpoint"
+    rm -rf "$mpoint"
+}
+
+testcase_long_sysfs_path() {
+    local cursor link logfile mpoint
+    local expected_symlinks=(
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/data_vol"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/swap_vol"
+        "/dev/disk/by-partlabel/test_swap"
+        "/dev/disk/by-partlabel/test_part"
+        "/dev/disk/by-partuuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000000"
+        "/dev/disk/by-uuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-111111111111"
+        "/dev/disk/by-uuid/deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-222222222222"
+    )
+
+    # Create a cursor file to skip messages generated by udevd in initrd, as it
+    # might not be the same up-to-date version as we currently run (hence generating
+    # messages we check for later and making the test fail)
+    cursor="$(mktemp)"
+    journalctl --cursor-file="${cursor:?}" -n0 -q
+
+    # Make sure the test device is connected and show its "wonderful" path
+    stat /sys/block/vda
+    readlink -f /sys/block/vda/dev
+
+    dev="/dev/vda"
+    udevadm lock --device "$dev" sfdisk "$dev" <<EOF
+label: gpt
+
+name="test_swap", size=32M
+uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-000000000000", name="test_part", size=5M
+EOF
+    udevadm settle
+    udevadm lock --device "${dev}1" mkswap -U "deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-111111111111" -L "swap_vol" "${dev}1"
+    udevadm lock --device "${dev}2" mkfs.ext4 -U "deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-222222222222" -L "data_vol" "${dev}2"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+
+    # Try to mount the data partition manually (using its label)
+    mpoint="$(mktemp -d /logsysfsXXX)"
+    mount LABEL=data_vol "$mpoint"
+    touch "$mpoint/test"
+    umount "$mpoint"
+    # Do the same, but with UUID and using fstab
+    echo "UUID=deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-222222222222 $mpoint ext4 defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
+    systemctl daemon-reload
+    mount "$mpoint"
+    timeout 30 bash -c "until systemctl -q is-active '$mpoint'; do sleep .2; done"
+    test -e "$mpoint/test"
+    umount "$mpoint"
+
+    # Test out the swap partition
+    swapon -v -L swap_vol
+    swapoff -v -L swap_vol
+
+    udevadm settle
+
+    logfile="$(mktemp)"
+    # Check state of affairs after https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/22759
+    # Note: can't use `--cursor-file` here, since we don't want to update the cursor
+    #       after using it
+    [[ "$(journalctl --after-cursor="$(<"$cursor")" -q --no-pager -o short-monotonic -p info --grep "Device path.*vda.?' too long to fit into unit name" | wc -l)" -eq 0 ]]
+    [[ "$(journalctl --after-cursor="$(<"$cursor")" -q --no-pager -o short-monotonic --grep "Unit name .*vda.?\.device\" too long, falling back to hashed unit name" | wc -l)" -gt 0 ]]
+    # Check if the respective "hashed" units exist and are active (plugged)
+    systemctl status --no-pager "$(readlink -f /sys/block/vda/vda1)"
+    systemctl status --no-pager "$(readlink -f /sys/block/vda/vda2)"
+    # Make sure we don't unnecessarily spam the log
+    { journalctl -b -q --no-pager -o short-monotonic -p info --grep "/sys/devices/.+/vda[0-9]?" _PID=1 + UNIT=systemd-udevd.service || :;} | tee "$logfile"
+    [[ "$(wc -l <"$logfile")" -lt 10 ]]
+
+    : >/etc/fstab
+    rm -fr "${cursor:?}" "${logfile:?}" "${mpoint:?}"
+}
+
+testcase_mdadm_basic() {
+    local i part_name raid_name raid_dev uuid
+    local expected_symlinks=()
+    local devices=(
+        /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadm{0..4}
+    )
+
+    ls -l "${devices[@]}"
+
+    echo "Mirror raid (RAID 1)"
+    raid_name="mdmirror"
+    raid_dev="/dev/md/$raid_name"
+    part_name="${raid_name}_part"
+    uuid="aaaaaaaa:bbbbbbbb:cccccccc:00000001"
+    expected_symlinks=(
+        "$raid_dev"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/$part_name" # ext4 partition
+    )
+    # Create a simple RAID 1 with an ext4 filesystem
+    echo y | mdadm --create "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" --uuid "$uuid" /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadm{0..1} -v -f --level=1 --raid-devices=2
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "$raid_dev"
+    # udevd does not lock md devices, hence we need to trigger uevent after creating filesystem.
+    mkfs.ext4 -L "$part_name" "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    for i in {0..9}; do
+        echo "Disassemble - reassemble loop, iteration #$i"
+        mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+        mdadm --assemble "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" -v
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    done
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+
+    echo "Parity raid (RAID 5)"
+    raid_name="mdparity"
+    raid_dev="/dev/md/$raid_name"
+    part_name="${raid_name}_part"
+    uuid="aaaaaaaa:bbbbbbbb:cccccccc:00000101"
+    expected_symlinks=(
+        "$raid_dev"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/$part_name" # ext4 partition
+    )
+    # Create a simple RAID 5 with an ext4 filesystem
+    echo y | mdadm --create "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" --uuid "$uuid" /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadm{0..2} -v -f --level=5 --raid-devices=3
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "$raid_dev"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L "$part_name" "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    for i in {0..9}; do
+        echo "Disassemble - reassemble loop, iteration #$i"
+        mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+        mdadm --assemble "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" -v
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    done
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_units
+
+    echo "Mirror + parity raid (RAID 10) + multiple partitions"
+    raid_name="mdmirpar"
+    raid_dev="/dev/md/$raid_name"
+    part_name="${raid_name}_part"
+    uuid="aaaaaaaa:bbbbbbbb:cccccccc:00001010"
+    expected_symlinks=(
+        "$raid_dev"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/$part_name" # ext4 partition
+        # Partitions
+        "${raid_dev}1"
+        "${raid_dev}2"
+        "${raid_dev}3"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name-part1"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name-part2"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name-part3"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part1"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part2"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part3"
+    )
+    # Create a simple RAID 10 with an ext4 filesystem
+    echo y | mdadm --create "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" --uuid "$uuid" /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadm{0..3} -v -f --level=10 --raid-devices=4
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "$raid_dev"
+    # Partition the raid device
+    # Here, 'udevadm lock' is meaningless, as udevd does not lock MD devices.
+    # We need to trigger uevents after sfdisk and mkfs.
+    sfdisk --wipe=always "$raid_dev" <<EOF
+label: gpt
+
+uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-111111111111", name="mdpart1", size=8M
+uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-222222222222", name="mdpart2", size=32M
+uuid="deadbeef-dead-dead-beef-333333333333", name="mdpart3", size=16M
+EOF
+    udevadm trigger --settle --parent-match "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part2"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L "$part_name" "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part2"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid-part2"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    for i in {0..9}; do
+        echo "Disassemble - reassemble loop, iteration #$i"
+        mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+        mdadm --assemble "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" -v
+        udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    done
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+    # Check if all expected symlinks were removed after the cleanup
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_units
+}
+
+testcase_mdadm_lvm() {
+    local part_name raid_name raid_dev uuid vgroup
+    local expected_symlinks=()
+    local devices=(
+        /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadmlvm{0..4}
+    )
+
+    ls -l "${devices[@]}"
+
+    raid_name="mdlvm"
+    raid_dev="/dev/md/$raid_name"
+    part_name="${raid_name}_part"
+    vgroup="${raid_name}_vg"
+    uuid="aaaaaaaa:bbbbbbbb:ffffffff:00001010"
+    expected_symlinks=(
+        "$raid_dev"
+        "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1"          # LVM partition
+        "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"          # LVM partition
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-name-H:$raid_name"
+        "/dev/disk/by-id/md-uuid-$uuid"
+        "/dev/disk/by-label/$part_name" # ext4 partition
+    )
+    # Create a RAID 10 with LVM + ext4
+    echo y | mdadm --create "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" --uuid "$uuid" /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0systemd_foobar_deadbeefmdadmlvm{0..3} -v -f --level=10 --raid-devices=4
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "$raid_dev"
+    # Create an LVM on the MD
+    lvm pvcreate -y "$raid_dev"
+    lvm pvs
+    lvm vgcreate "$vgroup" -y "$raid_dev"
+    lvm vgs
+    lvm vgchange -ay "$vgroup"
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 4M "$vgroup" -n mypart1
+    lvm lvcreate -y -L 8M "$vgroup" -n mypart2
+    lvm lvs
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "/dev/$vgroup/mypart1" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    mkfs.ext4 -L "$part_name" "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    udevadm trigger --settle "/dev/$vgroup/mypart2"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    # Disassemble the array
+    lvm vgchange -an "$vgroup"
+    mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Reassemble it and check if all required symlinks exist
+    mdadm --assemble "$raid_dev" --name "$raid_name" -v
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_symlinks
+    helper_check_device_units
+    # Cleanup
+    lvm vgchange -an "$vgroup"
+    mdadm -v --stop "$raid_dev"
+    # Check if all expected symlinks were removed after the cleanup
+    udevadm wait --settle --timeout=30 --removed "${expected_symlinks[@]}"
+    helper_check_device_units
+}
+
+udevadm settle
+udevadm control --log-level debug
+lsblk -a
+
+echo "Check if all symlinks under /dev/disk/ are valid (pre-test)"
+helper_check_device_symlinks
+
+# TEST_FUNCTION_NAME is passed on the kernel command line via systemd.setenv=
+# in the respective test.sh file
+if ! command -v "${TEST_FUNCTION_NAME:?}"; then
+    echo >&2 "Missing verification handler for test case '$TEST_FUNCTION_NAME'"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "TEST_FUNCTION_NAME=$TEST_FUNCTION_NAME"
+"$TEST_FUNCTION_NAME"
+udevadm settle
+
+echo "Check if all symlinks under /dev/disk/ are valid (post-test)"
+helper_check_device_symlinks
+
+udevadm control --log-level info
+
+systemctl status systemd-udevd
+
+touch /testok