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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-10 20:09:20 +0000
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+*usr_09.txt* For Vim version 9.1. Last change: 2017 Aug 11
+
+ VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar
+
+ Using the GUI
+
+
+Vim works in an ordinary terminal, while gVim has a Graphical User Interface
+(GUI). It can do the same things and a few more. The GUI offers menus, a
+toolbar, scrollbars and other items. This chapter is about these extra things
+that the GUI offers.
+
+|09.1| Parts of the GUI
+|09.2| Using the mouse
+|09.3| The clipboard
+|09.4| Select mode
+
+ Next chapter: |usr_10.txt| Making big changes
+ Previous chapter: |usr_08.txt| Splitting windows
+Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt|
+
+==============================================================================
+*09.1* Parts of the GUI
+
+You might have an icon on your desktop that starts gvim. Otherwise, one of
+these commands should do it: >
+
+ gvim file.txt
+ vim -g file.txt
+
+If this doesn't work you don't have a version of Vim with GUI support. You
+will have to install one first.
+ Vim will open a window and display "file.txt" in it. What the window looks
+like depends on the version of Vim. It should resemble the following picture
+(for as far as this can be shown in ASCII!).
+
+ +----------------------------------------------------+
+ | file.txt + (~/dir) - VIM X | <- window title
+ +----------------------------------------------------+
+ | File Edit Tools Syntax Buffers Window Help | <- menubar
+ +----------------------------------------------------+
+ | aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj | <- toolbar
+ | aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj |
+ +----------------------------------------------------+
+ | file text | ^ |
+ | ~ | # |
+ | ~ | # | <- scrollbar
+ | ~ | # |
+ | ~ | # |
+ | ~ | # |
+ | | V |
+ +----------------------------------------------------+
+
+The largest space is occupied by the file text. This shows the file in the
+same way as in a terminal. With some different colors and another font
+perhaps.
+
+
+THE WINDOW TITLE
+
+At the very top is the window title. This is drawn by your window system.
+Vim will set the title to show the name of the current file. First comes the
+name of the file. Then some special characters and the directory of the file
+in parens. These special characters can be present:
+
+ - The file cannot be modified (e.g., a help file)
+ + The file contains changes
+ = The file is read-only
+ =+ The file is read-only, contains changes anyway
+
+If nothing is shown you have an ordinary, unchanged file.
+
+
+THE MENUBAR
+
+You know how menus work, right? Vim has the usual items, plus a few more.
+Browse them to get an idea of what you can use them for. A relevant submenu
+is Edit/Global Settings. You will find these entries:
+
+ Toggle Toolbar make the toolbar appear/disappear
+ Toggle Bottom Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the bottom
+ Toggle Left Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the left
+ Toggle Right Scrollbar make a scrollbar appear/disappear at the right
+
+On most systems you can tear-off the menus. Select the top item of the menu,
+the one that looks like a dashed line. You will get a separate window with
+the items of the menu. It will hang around until you close the window.
+
+
+THE TOOLBAR
+
+This contains icons for the most often used actions. Hopefully the icons are
+self-explanatory. There are tooltips to get an extra hint (move the mouse
+pointer to the icon without clicking and don't move it for a second).
+
+The "Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Toolbar" menu item can be used to make the
+toolbar disappear. If you never want a toolbar, use this command in your
+vimrc file: >
+
+ :set guioptions-=T
+
+This removes the 'T' flag from the 'guioptions' option. Other parts of the
+GUI can also be enabled or disabled with this option. See the help for it.
+
+
+THE SCROLLBARS
+
+By default there is one scrollbar on the right. It does the obvious thing.
+When you split the window, each window will get its own scrollbar.
+ You can make a horizontal scrollbar appear with the menu item
+Edit/Global Settings/Toggle Bottom Scrollbar. This is useful in diff mode, or
+when the 'wrap' option has been reset (more about that later).
+
+When there are vertically split windows, only the windows on the right side
+will have a scrollbar. However, when you move the cursor to a window on the
+left, it will be this one that the scrollbar controls. This takes a bit of
+time to get used to.
+ When you work with vertically split windows, consider adding a scrollbar on
+the left. This can be done with a menu item, or with the 'guioptions' option:
+>
+ :set guioptions+=l
+
+This adds the 'l' flag to 'guioptions'.
+
+==============================================================================
+*09.2* Using the mouse
+
+Standards are wonderful. In Microsoft Windows, you can use the mouse to
+select text in a standard manner. The X Window system also has a standard
+system for using the mouse. Unfortunately, these two standards are not the
+same.
+ Fortunately, you can customize Vim. You can make the behavior of the mouse
+work like an X Window system mouse or a Microsoft Windows mouse. The following
+command makes the mouse behave like an X Window mouse: >
+
+ :behave xterm
+
+The following command makes the mouse work like a Microsoft Windows mouse: >
+
+ :behave mswin
+
+The default behavior of the mouse on UNIX systems is xterm. The default
+behavior on a Microsoft Windows system is selected during the installation
+process. For details about what the two behaviors are, see |:behave|. Here
+follows a summary.
+
+
+XTERM MOUSE BEHAVIOR
+
+Left mouse click position the cursor
+Left mouse drag select text in Visual mode
+Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard
+Right mouse click extend the selected text until the mouse
+ pointer
+
+
+MSWIN MOUSE BEHAVIOR
+
+Left mouse click position the cursor
+Left mouse drag select text in Select mode (see |09.4|)
+Left mouse click, with Shift extend the selected text until the mouse
+ pointer
+Middle mouse click paste text from the clipboard
+Right mouse click display a pop-up menu
+
+
+The mouse can be further tuned. Check out these options if you want to change
+the way how the mouse works:
+
+ 'mouse' in which mode the mouse is used by Vim
+ 'mousemodel' what effect a mouse click has
+ 'mousetime' time between clicks for a double-click
+ 'mousehide' hide the mouse while typing
+ 'selectmode' whether the mouse starts Visual or Select mode
+
+==============================================================================
+*09.3* The clipboard
+
+In section |04.7| the basic use of the clipboard was explained. There is one
+essential thing to explain about X-windows: There are actually two places to
+exchange text between programs. MS-Windows doesn't have this.
+
+In X-Windows there is the "current selection". This is the text that is
+currently highlighted. In Vim this is the Visual area (this assumes you are
+using the default option settings). You can paste this selection in another
+application without any further action.
+ For example, in this text select a few words with the mouse. Vim will
+switch to Visual mode and highlight the text. Now start another gvim, without
+a file name argument, so that it displays an empty window. Click the middle
+mouse button. The selected text will be inserted.
+
+The "current selection" will only remain valid until some other text is
+selected. After doing the paste in the other gvim, now select some characters
+in that window. You will notice that the words that were previously selected
+in the other gvim window are displayed differently. This means that it no
+longer is the current selection.
+
+You don't need to select text with the mouse, using the keyboard commands for
+Visual mode works just as well.
+
+
+THE REAL CLIPBOARD
+
+Now for the other place with which text can be exchanged. We call this the
+"real clipboard", to avoid confusion. Often both the "current selection" and
+the "real clipboard" are called clipboard, you'll have to get used to that.
+ To put text on the real clipboard, select a few different words in one of
+the gvims you have running. Then use the Edit/Copy menu entry. Now the text
+has been copied to the real clipboard. You can't see this, unless you have
+some application that shows the clipboard contents (e.g., KDE's Klipper).
+ Now select the other gvim, position the cursor somewhere and use the
+Edit/Paste menu. You will see the text from the real clipboard is inserted.
+
+
+USING BOTH
+
+This use of both the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" might sound
+a bit confusing. But it is very useful. Let's show this with an example.
+Use one gvim with a text file and perform these actions:
+
+- Select two words in Visual mode.
+- Use the Edit/Copy menu to get these words onto the clipboard.
+- Select one other word in Visual mode.
+- Use the Edit/Paste menu item. What will happen is that the single selected
+ word is replaced with the two words from the clipboard.
+- Move the mouse pointer somewhere else and click the middle button. You
+ will see that the word you just overwrote with the clipboard is inserted
+ here.
+
+If you use the "current selection" and the "real clipboard" with care, you can
+do a lot of useful editing with them.
+
+
+USING THE KEYBOARD
+
+If you don't like using the mouse, you can access the current selection and
+the real clipboard with two registers. The "* register is for the current
+selection.
+ To make text become the current selection, use Visual mode. For example,
+to select a whole line just press "V".
+ To insert the current selection before the cursor: >
+
+ "*P
+
+Notice the uppercase "P". The lowercase "p" puts the text after the cursor.
+
+The "+ register is used for the real clipboard. For example, to copy the text
+from the cursor position until the end of the line to the clipboard: >
+
+ "+y$
+
+Remember, "y" is yank, which is Vim's copy command.
+ To insert the contents of the real clipboard before the cursor: >
+
+ "+P
+
+It's the same as for the current selection, but uses the plus (+) register
+instead of the star (*) register.
+
+==============================================================================
+*09.4* Select mode
+
+And now something that is used more often on MS-Windows than on X-Windows.
+But both can do it. You already know about Visual mode. Select mode is like
+Visual mode, because it is also used to select text. But there is an obvious
+difference: When typing text, the selected text is deleted and the typed text
+replaces it.
+
+To start working with Select mode, you must first enable it (for MS-Windows
+it is probably already enabled, but you can do this anyway): >
+
+ :set selectmode+=mouse
+
+Now use the mouse to select some text. It is highlighted like in Visual mode.
+Now press a letter. The selected text is deleted, and the single letter
+replaces it. You are in Insert mode now, thus you can continue typing.
+
+Since typing normal text causes the selected text to be deleted, you can not
+use the normal movement commands "hjkl", "w", etc. Instead, use the shifted
+function keys. <S-Left> (shifted cursor left key) moves the cursor left. The
+selected text is changed like in Visual mode. The other shifted cursor keys
+do what you expect. <S-End> and <S-Home> also work.
+
+You can tune the way Select mode works with the 'selectmode' option.
+
+==============================================================================
+
+Next chapter: |usr_10.txt| Making big changes
+
+Copyright: see |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: