path: root/src/VBox/Devices/USB/VUSBInternal.h

/* $Id: VUSBInternal.h $ */
/** @file
 * Virtual USB - Internal header.
 *
 * This subsystem implements USB devices in a host controller independent
 * way.  All the host controller code has to do is use VUSBROOTHUB for its
 * root hub implementation and any emulated USB device may be plugged into
 * the virtual bus.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006-2023 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 *
 * This file is part of VirtualBox base platform packages, as
 * available from https://www.virtualbox.org.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation, in version 3 of the
 * License.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
 */

#ifndef VBOX_INCLUDED_SRC_USB_VUSBInternal_h
#define VBOX_INCLUDED_SRC_USB_VUSBInternal_h
#ifndef RT_WITHOUT_PRAGMA_ONCE
# pragma once
#endif

#include <VBox/cdefs.h>
#include <VBox/types.h>
#include <VBox/vusb.h>
#include <VBox/vmm/stam.h>
#include <VBox/vmm/pdm.h>
#include <VBox/vmm/vmapi.h>
#include <VBox/vmm/pdmusb.h>
#include <iprt/asm.h>
#include <iprt/assert.h>
#include <iprt/req.h>
#include <iprt/asm.h>
#include <iprt/list.h>

#include "VUSBSniffer.h"

RT_C_DECLS_BEGIN


/** @defgroup grp_vusb_int  VUSB Internals.
 * @ingroup grp_vusb
 * @internal
 * @{
 */

/** @defgroup grp_vusb_int_dev  Internal Device Operations, Structures and Constants.
 * @{
 */

/** Pointer to a Virtual USB device (core). */
typedef struct VUSBDEV *PVUSBDEV;
/** Pointer to a VUSB root hub. */
typedef struct VUSBROOTHUB *PVUSBROOTHUB;


/** Number of the default control endpoint */
#define VUSB_PIPE_DEFAULT           0

/** @name Device addresses
 * @{ */
#define VUSB_DEFAULT_ADDRESS        0
#define VUSB_INVALID_ADDRESS        UINT8_C(0xff)
#define VUSB_ADDRESS_MASK           UINT8_C(0x7f)
/** @} */

/** @name Feature bits (1<<FEATURE for the u16Status bit)
 * @{ */
#define VUSB_DEV_SELF_POWERED       0
#define VUSB_DEV_REMOTE_WAKEUP      1
#define VUSB_EP_HALT                0
/** @} */

/** Maximum number of endpoint addresses */
#define VUSB_PIPE_MAX           16

/**
 * The VUSB URB data.
 */
typedef struct VUSBURBVUSBINT
{
    /** Node for one of the lists the URB can be in. */
    RTLISTNODE      NdLst;
    /** Pointer to the URB this structure is part of. */
    PVUSBURB        pUrb;
    /** Pointer to the original for control messages. */
    PVUSBURB        pCtrlUrb;
    /** Pointer to the VUSB device.
     * This may be NULL if the destination address is invalid. */
    PVUSBDEV        pDev;
    /** Specific to the pfnFree function. */
    void           *pvFreeCtx;
    /**
     * Callback which will free the URB once it's reaped and completed.
     * @param   pUrb    The URB.
     */
    DECLCALLBACKMEMBER(void, pfnFree,(PVUSBURB pUrb));
    /** Submit timestamp. (logging only) */
    uint64_t        u64SubmitTS;
} VUSBURBVUSBINT;

/**
 * Control-pipe stages.
 */
typedef enum CTLSTAGE
{
    /** the control pipe is in the setup stage. */
    CTLSTAGE_SETUP = 0,
    /** the control pipe is in the data stage. */
    CTLSTAGE_DATA,
    /** the control pipe is in the status stage. */
    CTLSTAGE_STATUS
} CTLSTAGE;

/**
 * Extra data for a control pipe.
 *
 * This is state information needed for the special multi-stage
 * transfers performed on this kind of pipes.
 */
typedef struct vusb_ctrl_extra
{
    /** Current pipe stage. */
    CTLSTAGE            enmStage;
    /** Success indicator. */
    bool                fOk;
    /** Set if the message URB has been submitted. */
    bool                fSubmitted;
    /** Pointer to the SETUP.
     * This is a pointer to Urb->abData[0]. */
    PVUSBSETUP          pMsg;
    /** Current DATA pointer.
     * This starts at pMsg + 1 and is incremented at we read/write data. */
    uint8_t            *pbCur;
    /** The amount of data left to read on IN operations.
     * On OUT operations this is not used. */
    uint32_t            cbLeft;
    /** The amount of data we can house.
     * This starts at the default 8KB, and this structure will be reallocated to
     * accommodate any larger request (unlikely). */
    uint32_t            cbMax;
    /** VUSB internal data for the extra URB. */
    VUSBURBVUSBINT      VUsbExtra;
    /** The message URB. */
    VUSBURB             Urb;
} VUSBCTRLEXTRA, *PVUSBCTRLEXTRA;

void vusbMsgFreeExtraData(PVUSBCTRLEXTRA pExtra);
void vusbMsgResetExtraData(PVUSBCTRLEXTRA pExtra);

/**
 * A VUSB pipe
 */
typedef struct vusb_pipe
{
    PCVUSBDESCENDPOINTEX in;
    PCVUSBDESCENDPOINTEX out;
    /** Pointer to the extra state data required to run a control pipe. */
    PVUSBCTRLEXTRA      pCtrl;
    /** Critical section serializing access to the extra state data for a control pipe. */
    RTCRITSECT          CritSectCtrl;
    /** Count of active async transfers. */
    volatile uint32_t   async;
    /** Last scheduled frame - only valid for isochronous IN endpoints. */
    uint32_t            uLastFrameIn;
    /** Last scheduled frame - only valid for isochronous OUT endpoints. */
    uint32_t            uLastFrameOut;
} VUSBPIPE;
/** Pointer to a VUSB pipe structure. */
typedef VUSBPIPE *PVUSBPIPE;


/**
 * Interface state and possible settings.
 */
typedef struct vusb_interface_state
{
    /** Pointer to the interface descriptor of the currently selected (active)
     * interface. */
    PCVUSBDESCINTERFACEEX   pCurIfDesc;
    /** Pointer to the interface settings. */
    PCVUSBINTERFACE         pIf;
} VUSBINTERFACESTATE;
/** Pointer to interface state. */
typedef VUSBINTERFACESTATE *PVUSBINTERFACESTATE;
/** Pointer to const interface state. */
typedef const VUSBINTERFACESTATE *PCVUSBINTERFACESTATE;


/**
 * VUSB URB pool.
 */
typedef struct VUSBURBPOOL
{
    /** Critical section protecting the pool. */
    RTCRITSECT              CritSectPool;
    /** Chain of free URBs by type. (Singly linked) */
    RTLISTANCHOR            aLstFreeUrbs[VUSBXFERTYPE_ELEMENTS];
    /** The number of URBs in the pool. */
    volatile uint32_t       cUrbsInPool;
    /** Align the size to a 8 byte boundary. */
    uint32_t                Alignment0;
} VUSBURBPOOL;
/** Pointer to a VUSB URB pool. */
typedef VUSBURBPOOL *PVUSBURBPOOL;

AssertCompileSizeAlignment(VUSBURBPOOL, 8);

/**
 * A Virtual USB device (core).
 *
 * @implements  VUSBIDEVICE
 */
typedef struct VUSBDEV
{
    /** The device interface exposed to the HCI. */
    VUSBIDEVICE                 IDevice;
    /** Pointer to the PDM USB device instance. */
    PPDMUSBINS                  pUsbIns;
    /** Pointer to the roothub this device is attached to. */
    PVUSBROOTHUB                pHub;
    /** The device state. */
    VUSBDEVICESTATE volatile    enmState;
    /** Reference counter to protect the device structure from going away. */
    uint32_t volatile           cRefs;

    /** The device address. */
    uint8_t             u8Address;
    /** The new device address. */
    uint8_t             u8NewAddress;
    /** The port. */
    int16_t             i16Port;
    /** Device status.  (VUSB_DEV_SELF_POWERED or not.)  */
    uint16_t            u16Status;

    /** Pointer to the descriptor cache.
     * (Provided by the device thru the pfnGetDescriptorCache method.) */
    PCPDMUSBDESCCACHE   pDescCache;
    /** Current configuration. */
    PCVUSBDESCCONFIGEX  pCurCfgDesc;

    /** Current interface state (including alternate interface setting) - maximum
     * valid index is config->bNumInterfaces
     */
    PVUSBINTERFACESTATE paIfStates;

    /** Pipe/direction -> endpoint descriptor mapping */
    VUSBPIPE            aPipes[VUSB_PIPE_MAX];
    /** Critical section protecting the active URB list. */
    RTCRITSECT          CritSectAsyncUrbs;
    /** List of active async URBs. */
    RTLISTANCHOR        LstAsyncUrbs;

    /** Dumper state. */
    union VUSBDEVURBDUMPERSTATE
    {
        /** The current scsi command. */
        uint8_t             u8ScsiCmd;
    } Urb;

    /** The reset timer handle. */
    TMTIMERHANDLE       hResetTimer;
    /** Reset handler arguments. */
    void               *pvArgs;
    /** URB submit and reap thread. */
    RTTHREAD            hUrbIoThread;
    /** Request queue for executing tasks on the I/O thread which should be done
     * synchronous and without any other thread accessing the USB device. */
    RTREQQUEUE          hReqQueueSync;
    /** Sniffer instance for this device if configured. */
    VUSBSNIFFER         hSniffer;
    /** Flag whether the URB I/O thread should terminate. */
    bool volatile       fTerminate;
    /** Flag whether the I/O thread was woken up. */
    bool volatile       fWokenUp;
#if HC_ARCH_BITS == 32
    /** Align the size to a 8 byte boundary. */
    bool                afAlignment0[2];
#endif
    /** The pool of free URBs for faster allocation. */
    VUSBURBPOOL         UrbPool;
} VUSBDEV;
AssertCompileSizeAlignment(VUSBDEV, 8);


int vusbDevInit(PVUSBDEV pDev, PPDMUSBINS pUsbIns, const char *pszCaptureFilename);
void vusbDevDestroy(PVUSBDEV pDev);
bool vusbDevDoSelectConfig(PVUSBDEV dev, PCVUSBDESCCONFIGEX pCfg);
void vusbDevMapEndpoint(PVUSBDEV dev, PCVUSBDESCENDPOINTEX ep);
int vusbDevDetach(PVUSBDEV pDev);
int vusbDevAttach(PVUSBDEV pDev, PVUSBROOTHUB pHub);
DECLINLINE(PVUSBROOTHUB) vusbDevGetRh(PVUSBDEV pDev);
size_t vusbDevMaxInterfaces(PVUSBDEV dev);

void vusbDevSetAddress(PVUSBDEV pDev, uint8_t u8Address);
bool vusbDevStandardRequest(PVUSBDEV pDev, int EndPt, PVUSBSETUP pSetup, void *pvBuf, uint32_t *pcbBuf);


/** @} */


/** @defgroup grp_vusb_int_hub Internal Hub Operations, Structures and Constants.
 * @{
 */


/** @} */


/** @defgroup grp_vusb_int_roothub Internal Root Hub Operations, Structures and Constants.
 * @{
 */

/**
 * Per transfer type statistics.
 */
typedef struct VUSBROOTHUBTYPESTATS
{
    STAMCOUNTER         StatUrbsSubmitted;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatUrbsFailed;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatUrbsCancelled;

    STAMCOUNTER         StatReqBytes;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatReqReadBytes;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatReqWriteBytes;

    STAMCOUNTER         StatActBytes;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatActReadBytes;
    STAMCOUNTER         StatActWriteBytes;
} VUSBROOTHUBTYPESTATS, *PVUSBROOTHUBTYPESTATS;



/** Pointer to a VUSBROOTHUBLOAD struct. */
typedef struct VUSBROOTHUBLOAD *PVUSBROOTHUBLOAD;

/**
 * The instance data of a root hub driver.
 *
 * This extends the generic VUSB hub.
 *
 * @implements  VUSBIROOTHUBCONNECTOR
 */
typedef struct VUSBROOTHUB
{
    /** Pointer to the driver instance. */
    PPDMDRVINS                  pDrvIns;
    /** Pointer to the root hub port interface we're attached to. */
    PVUSBIROOTHUBPORT           pIRhPort;
    /** Connector interface exposed upwards. */
    VUSBIROOTHUBCONNECTOR       IRhConnector;

    /** Critical section protecting the device arrays. */
    RTCRITSECT                  CritSectDevices;
    /** Array of pointers to USB devices indexed by the port the device is on. */
    PVUSBDEV                    apDevByPort[VUSB_DEVICES_MAX];
    /** Array of pointers to USB devices indexed by the address assigned. */
    PVUSBDEV                    apDevByAddr[VUSB_DEVICES_MAX];
    /** Structure after a saved state load to re-attach devices. */
    PVUSBROOTHUBLOAD            pLoad;

    /** Roothub device state. */
    VUSBDEVICESTATE             enmState;
    /** Number of ports this roothub offers. */
    uint16_t                    cPorts;
    /** Number of devices attached to this roothub currently. */
    uint16_t                    cDevices;
    /** Name of the roothub. Used for logging. */
    char                        *pszName;
    /** URB pool for URBs from the roothub. */
    VUSBURBPOOL                 UrbPool;

#if HC_ARCH_BITS == 32
    uint32_t                   Alignment0;
#endif

    /** Availability Bitmap. */
    VUSBPORTBITMAP             Bitmap;

    /** Sniffer instance for the root hub. */
    VUSBSNIFFER                hSniffer;
    /** Version of the attached Host Controller. */
    uint32_t                   fHcVersions;
    /** Size of the HCI specific data for each URB. */
    size_t                     cbHci;
    /** Size of the HCI specific TD. */
    size_t                     cbHciTd;

    /** The periodic frame processing thread. */
    R3PTRTYPE(PPDMTHREAD)      hThreadPeriodFrame;
    /** Event semaphore to interact with the periodic frame processing thread. */
    R3PTRTYPE(RTSEMEVENTMULTI) hSemEventPeriodFrame;
    /** Event semaphore to release the thread waiting for the periodic frame processing thread to stop. */
    R3PTRTYPE(RTSEMEVENTMULTI) hSemEventPeriodFrameStopped;
    /** Current default frame rate for periodic frame processing thread. */
    volatile uint32_t          uFrameRateDefault;
    /** Current frame rate (can be lower than the default frame rate if there is no activity). */
    uint32_t                   uFrameRate;
    /** How long to wait until the next frame. */
    uint64_t                   nsWait;
    /** Timestamp when the last frame was processed. */
    uint64_t                   tsFrameProcessed;
    /** Number of USB work cycles with no transfers. */
    uint32_t                   cIdleCycles;

    /** Flag whether a frame is currently being processed. */
    volatile bool              fFrameProcessing;
    /** Flag whether we are in the middle of saving the VM state. */
    volatile bool              fSavingState;

#if HC_ARCH_BITS == 32
    uint32_t                   Alignment1;
#endif

#ifdef LOG_ENABLED
    /** A serial number for URBs submitted on the roothub instance.
     * Only logging builds. */
    uint32_t                   iSerial;
    /** Alignment */
    uint32_t                   Alignment2;
#endif
#ifdef VBOX_WITH_STATISTICS
    VUSBROOTHUBTYPESTATS    Total;
    VUSBROOTHUBTYPESTATS    aTypes[VUSBXFERTYPE_MSG];
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocReqPkts;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocReqReadPkts;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocReqWritePkts;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocActPkts;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocActReadPkts;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatIsocActWritePkts;
    struct
    {
        STAMCOUNTER         Pkts;
        STAMCOUNTER         Ok;
        STAMCOUNTER         Ok0;
        STAMCOUNTER         DataUnderrun;
        STAMCOUNTER         DataUnderrun0;
        STAMCOUNTER         DataOverrun;
        STAMCOUNTER         NotAccessed;
        STAMCOUNTER         Misc;
        STAMCOUNTER         Bytes;
    }                       aStatIsocDetails[8];

    STAMPROFILE             StatReapAsyncUrbs;
    STAMPROFILE             StatSubmitUrb;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatFramesProcessedClbk;
    STAMCOUNTER             StatFramesProcessedThread;
#endif
} VUSBROOTHUB;
AssertCompileMemberAlignment(VUSBROOTHUB, IRhConnector, 8);
AssertCompileMemberAlignment(VUSBROOTHUB, Bitmap, 8);
AssertCompileMemberAlignment(VUSBROOTHUB, CritSectDevices, 8);
#ifdef VBOX_WITH_STATISTICS
AssertCompileMemberAlignment(VUSBROOTHUB, Total, 8);
#endif

/** Converts a pointer to VUSBROOTHUB::IRhConnector to a PVUSBROOTHUB. */
#define VUSBIROOTHUBCONNECTOR_2_VUSBROOTHUB(pInterface) (PVUSBROOTHUB)( (uintptr_t)(pInterface) - RT_UOFFSETOF(VUSBROOTHUB, IRhConnector) )

/**
 * URB cancellation modes
 */
typedef enum CANCELMODE
{
    /** complete the URB with an error (CRC). */
    CANCELMODE_FAIL = 0,
    /** do not change the URB contents. */
    CANCELMODE_UNDO
} CANCELMODE;

/** @} */



/** @defgroup grp_vusb_int_urb Internal URB Operations, Structures and Constants.
 * @{ */
int  vusbUrbSubmit(PVUSBURB pUrb);
void vusbUrbDoReapAsync(PRTLISTANCHOR pUrbLst, RTMSINTERVAL cMillies);
void vusbUrbDoReapAsyncDev(PVUSBDEV pDev, RTMSINTERVAL cMillies);
void vusbUrbCancel(PVUSBURB pUrb, CANCELMODE mode);
void vusbUrbCancelAsync(PVUSBURB pUrb, CANCELMODE mode);
void vusbUrbRipe(PVUSBURB pUrb);
void vusbUrbCompletionRhEx(PVUSBROOTHUB pRh, PVUSBURB pUrb);
int vusbUrbSubmitHardError(PVUSBURB pUrb);
int vusbUrbErrorRhEx(PVUSBROOTHUB pRh, PVUSBURB pUrb);
int vusbDevUrbIoThreadWakeup(PVUSBDEV pDev);
int vusbDevUrbIoThreadCreate(PVUSBDEV pDev);
int vusbDevUrbIoThreadDestroy(PVUSBDEV pDev);
DECLHIDDEN(void) vusbDevCancelAllUrbs(PVUSBDEV pDev, bool fDetaching);
DECLHIDDEN(int) vusbDevIoThreadExecV(PVUSBDEV pDev, uint32_t fFlags, PFNRT pfnFunction, unsigned cArgs, va_list Args);
DECLHIDDEN(int) vusbDevIoThreadExec(PVUSBDEV pDev, uint32_t fFlags, PFNRT pfnFunction, unsigned cArgs, ...);
DECLHIDDEN(int) vusbDevIoThreadExecSync(PVUSBDEV pDev, PFNRT pfnFunction, unsigned cArgs, ...);
DECLHIDDEN(int) vusbUrbCancelWorker(PVUSBURB pUrb, CANCELMODE enmMode);

DECLHIDDEN(uint64_t) vusbRhR3ProcessFrame(PVUSBROOTHUB pThis, bool fCallback);

int  vusbUrbQueueAsyncRh(PVUSBURB pUrb);

bool vusbDevIsDescriptorInCache(PVUSBDEV pDev, PCVUSBSETUP pSetup);

/**
 * Initializes the given URB pool.
 *
 * @returns VBox status code.
 * @param   pUrbPool    The URB pool to initialize.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(int) vusbUrbPoolInit(PVUSBURBPOOL pUrbPool);

/**
 * Destroy a given URB pool freeing all ressources.
 *
 * @param   pUrbPool    The URB pool to destroy.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(void) vusbUrbPoolDestroy(PVUSBURBPOOL pUrbPool);

/**
 * Allocate a new URB from the given URB pool.
 *
 * @returns Pointer to the new URB or NULL if out of memory.
 * @param   pUrbPool    The URB pool to allocate from.
 * @param   enmType     Type of the URB.
 * @param   enmDir      The direction of the URB.
 * @param   cbData      The number of bytes to allocate for the data buffer.
 * @param   cbHci       Size of the data private to the HCI for each URB when allocated.
 * @param   cbHciTd     Size of one transfer descriptor.
 * @param   cTds        Number of transfer descriptors.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(PVUSBURB) vusbUrbPoolAlloc(PVUSBURBPOOL pUrbPool, VUSBXFERTYPE enmType,
                                      VUSBDIRECTION enmDir, size_t cbData,
                                      size_t cbHci, size_t cbHciTd, unsigned cTds);

/**
 * Frees a given URB.
 *
 * @param   pUrbPool    The URB pool the URB was allocated from.
 * @param   pUrb        The URB to free.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(void) vusbUrbPoolFree(PVUSBURBPOOL pUrbPool, PVUSBURB pUrb);

#ifdef LOG_ENABLED

/**
 * Logs an URB in the debug log.
 *
 * @param   pUrb        The URB to log.
 * @param   pszMsg      Additional message to log.
 * @param   fComplete   Flag whther the URB is completing.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(void) vusbUrbTrace(PVUSBURB pUrb, const char *pszMsg, bool fComplete);

/**
 * Return the USB direction as a string from the given enum.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(const char *) vusbUrbDirName(VUSBDIRECTION enmDir);

/**
 * Return the URB type as string from the given enum.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(const char *) vusbUrbTypeName(VUSBXFERTYPE enmType);

/**
 * Return the URB status as string from the given enum.
 */
DECLHIDDEN(const char *) vusbUrbStatusName(VUSBSTATUS enmStatus);

#endif /* LOG_ENABLED*/

DECLINLINE(void) vusbUrbUnlink(PVUSBURB pUrb)
{
    PVUSBDEV pDev = pUrb->pVUsb->pDev;

    RTCritSectEnter(&pDev->CritSectAsyncUrbs);
    RTListNodeRemove(&pUrb->pVUsb->NdLst);
    RTCritSectLeave(&pDev->CritSectAsyncUrbs);
}


DECLINLINE(int) vusbUrbErrorRh(PVUSBURB pUrb)
{
    PVUSBDEV pDev = pUrb->pVUsb->pDev;
    PVUSBROOTHUB pRh = vusbDevGetRh(pDev);
    AssertPtrReturn(pRh, VERR_VUSB_DEVICE_NOT_ATTACHED);

    return vusbUrbErrorRhEx(pRh, pUrb);
}


DECLINLINE(void) vusbUrbCompletionRh(PVUSBURB pUrb)
{
    PVUSBROOTHUB pRh = vusbDevGetRh(pUrb->pVUsb->pDev);
    AssertPtrReturnVoid(pRh);

    vusbUrbCompletionRhEx(pRh, pUrb);
}


/** @def vusbUrbAssert
 * Asserts that a URB is valid.
 */
#ifdef VBOX_STRICT
# define vusbUrbAssert(pUrb) do { \
    AssertPtr((pUrb)); \
    AssertMsg((pUrb)->u32Magic == VUSBURB_MAGIC, ("%#x", (pUrb)->u32Magic)); \
    AssertMsg((pUrb)->enmState > VUSBURBSTATE_INVALID && (pUrb)->enmState < VUSBURBSTATE_END, \
              ("%d\n", (pUrb)->enmState)); \
    } while (0)
#else
# define vusbUrbAssert(pUrb) do {} while (0)
#endif

/**
 * @def VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE
 * Asserts that the give device state is valid.
 */
#define VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmState) \
    AssertMsg((enmState) > VUSB_DEVICE_STATE_INVALID && (enmState) < VUSB_DEVICE_STATE_DESTROYED, ("enmState=%#x\n", enmState));

/** Executes a function synchronously. */
#define VUSB_DEV_IO_THREAD_EXEC_FLAGS_SYNC RT_BIT_32(0)

/** @} */


/**
 * Gets the roothub of a device.
 *
 * @returns Pointer to the roothub instance the device is attached to.
 * @returns NULL if not attached to any hub.
 * @param   pDev    Pointer to the device in question.
 */
DECLINLINE(PVUSBROOTHUB) vusbDevGetRh(PVUSBDEV pDev)
{
    if (!pDev->pHub)
        return NULL;
    return pDev->pHub;
}


/**
 * Returns the state of the USB device.
 *
 * @returns State of the USB device.
 * @param   pDev    Pointer to the device.
 */
DECLINLINE(VUSBDEVICESTATE) vusbDevGetState(PVUSBDEV pDev)
{
    VUSBDEVICESTATE enmState = (VUSBDEVICESTATE)ASMAtomicReadU32((volatile uint32_t *)&pDev->enmState);
    VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmState);
    return enmState;
}


/**
 * Sets the given state for the USB device.
 *
 * @returns The old state of the device.
 * @param   pDev     Pointer to the device.
 * @param   enmState The new state to set.
 */
DECLINLINE(VUSBDEVICESTATE) vusbDevSetState(PVUSBDEV pDev, VUSBDEVICESTATE enmState)
{
    VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmState);
    VUSBDEVICESTATE enmStateOld = (VUSBDEVICESTATE)ASMAtomicXchgU32((volatile uint32_t *)&pDev->enmState, enmState);
    VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmStateOld);
    return enmStateOld;
}


/**
 * Compare and exchange the states for the given USB device.
 *
 * @returns true if the state was changed.
 * @returns false if the state wasn't changed.
 * @param   pDev           Pointer to the device.
 * @param   enmStateNew    The new state to set.
 * @param   enmStateOld    The old state to compare with.
 */
DECLINLINE(bool) vusbDevSetStateCmp(PVUSBDEV pDev, VUSBDEVICESTATE enmStateNew, VUSBDEVICESTATE enmStateOld)
{
    VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmStateNew);
    VUSBDEV_ASSERT_VALID_STATE(enmStateOld);
    return ASMAtomicCmpXchgU32((volatile uint32_t *)&pDev->enmState, enmStateNew, enmStateOld);
}

/**
 * Retains the given VUSB device pointer.
 *
 * @returns New reference count.
 * @param   pThis          The VUSB device pointer.
 * @param   pszWho         Caller of the retaining.
 */
DECLINLINE(uint32_t) vusbDevRetain(PVUSBDEV pThis, const char *pszWho)
{
    AssertPtrReturn(pThis, UINT32_MAX);

    uint32_t cRefs = ASMAtomicIncU32(&pThis->cRefs);
    LogFlowFunc(("pThis=%p{.cRefs=%u}[%s]\n", pThis, cRefs, pszWho)); RT_NOREF(pszWho);
    AssertMsg(cRefs > 1 && cRefs < _1M, ("%#x %p\n", cRefs, pThis));
    return cRefs;
}

/**
 * Releases the given VUSB device pointer.
 *
 * @returns New reference count.
 * @retval 0 if no onw is holding a reference anymore causing the device to be destroyed.
 * @param   pThis          The VUSB device pointer.
 * @param   pszWho         Caller of the retaining.
 */
DECLINLINE(uint32_t) vusbDevRelease(PVUSBDEV pThis, const char *pszWho)
{
    AssertPtrReturn(pThis, UINT32_MAX);

    uint32_t cRefs = ASMAtomicDecU32(&pThis->cRefs);
    LogFlowFunc(("pThis=%p{.cRefs=%u}[%s]\n", pThis, cRefs, pszWho)); RT_NOREF(pszWho);
    AssertMsg(cRefs < _1M, ("%#x %p\n", cRefs, pThis));
    if (cRefs == 0)
        vusbDevDestroy(pThis);
    return cRefs;
}

/** Strings for the CTLSTAGE enum values. */
extern const char * const g_apszCtlStates[4];

/** @} */
RT_C_DECLS_END
#endif /* !VBOX_INCLUDED_SRC_USB_VUSBInternal_h */