summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/epan/dissectors/packet-systemd-journal.c
blob: afc9bdd6a43a4daf9abf586210ba9effcb169a85 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
/* packet-systemd-journal.c
 * Routines for systemd journal export (application/vnd.fdo.journal) dissection
 * Copyright 2018, Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org>
 *
 * Wireshark - Network traffic analyzer
 * By Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org>
 * Copyright 1998 Gerald Combs
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 */

/*
 * Dissector for systemd's mostly-text-based Journal Export Format described
 * at https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export/.
 *
 * Registered MIME type: application/vnd.fdo.journal
 *
 * To do:
 * - Rename systemd_journal to sdjournal? It's easier to type.
 * - Add an extcap module.
 * - Add errno strings.
 * - Pretty-print _CAP_EFFECTIVE
 * - Handle Journal JSON Format? https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json/
 * - Handle raw journal files? https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/journal-files/
 */

#include <config.h>

#include <epan/exceptions.h>
#include <epan/packet.h>
#include <epan/expert.h>
#include <wiretap/wtap.h>
#include <wsutil/strtoi.h>

#include "packet-syslog.h"

#define PNAME  "systemd Journal Entry"
#define PSNAME "systemd Journal"
#define PFNAME "systemd_journal"

void proto_reg_handoff_systemd_journal(void);
void proto_register_systemd_journal(void);

/* Initialize the protocol and registered fields */
static int proto_systemd_journal = -1;

// Official entries, listed in
// https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.journal-fields.html
// as of 2018-08.
static int hf_sj_message = -1;
static int hf_sj_message_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_priority = -1;
static int hf_sj_code_file = -1;
static int hf_sj_code_line = -1;
static int hf_sj_code_func = -1;
static int hf_sj_errno = -1;
static int hf_sj_syslog_facility = -1;
static int hf_sj_syslog_identifier = -1;
static int hf_sj_syslog_pid = -1;

static int hf_sj_pid = -1;
static int hf_sj_uid = -1;
static int hf_sj_gid = -1;
static int hf_sj_comm = -1;
static int hf_sj_exe = -1;
static int hf_sj_cmdline = -1;
static int hf_sj_cap_effective = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_session = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_loginuid = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_cgroup = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_slice = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_user_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_session = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_owner_uid = -1;

static int hf_sj_selinux_context = -1;
static int hf_sj_source_realtime_timestamp = -1;
static int hf_sj_boot_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_machine_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_invocation_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_hostname = -1;
static int hf_sj_transport = -1;
static int hf_sj_stream_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_line_break = -1;

static int hf_sj_kernel_device = -1;
static int hf_sj_kernel_subsystem = -1;
static int hf_sj_udev_sysname = -1;
static int hf_sj_udev_devnode = -1;
static int hf_sj_udev_devlink = -1;

static int hf_sj_coredump_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_coredump_user_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_pid = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_uid = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_gid = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_comm = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_exe = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_cmdline = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_audit_session = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_audit_loginuid = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_cap_effective = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_selinux_context = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_cgroup = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_session = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_owner_uid = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_user_unit = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_slice = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_user_slice = -1;
static int hf_sj_object_systemd_invocation_id = -1;

static int hf_sj_cursor = -1;
static int hf_sj_realtime_timestamp = -1;
static int hf_sj_monotonic_timestamp = -1;

// Unofficial(?) fields. Not listed in the documentation but present in logs.
static int hf_sj_result = -1;
static int hf_sj_source_monotonic_timestamp = -1;
static int hf_sj_journal_name = -1;
static int hf_sj_journal_path = -1;
static int hf_sj_current_use = -1;
static int hf_sj_current_use_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_max_use = -1;
static int hf_sj_max_use_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_disk_keep_free = -1;
static int hf_sj_disk_keep_free_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_disk_available = -1;
static int hf_sj_disk_available_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_limit = -1;
static int hf_sj_limit_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_available = -1;
static int hf_sj_available_pretty = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_type = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_field_apparmor = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_field_operation = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_field_profile = -1;
static int hf_sj_audit_field_name = -1;
static int hf_sj_seat_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_kernel_usec = -1;
static int hf_sj_userspace_usec = -1;
static int hf_sj_session_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_user_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_leader = -1;
static int hf_sj_job_type = -1;
static int hf_sj_job_result = -1;
static int hf_sj_user_invocation_id = -1;
static int hf_sj_systemd_user_slice = -1;

// Metadata.
static int hf_sj_binary_data_len = -1;
static int hf_sj_unknown_field = -1;
static int hf_sj_unknown_field_name = -1;
static int hf_sj_unknown_field_value = -1;
static int hf_sj_unknown_field_data = -1;
static int hf_sj_unhandled_field_type = -1;

static expert_field ei_unhandled_field_type = EI_INIT;
static expert_field ei_nonbinary_field = EI_INIT;
static expert_field ei_undecoded_field = EI_INIT;

static dissector_handle_t sje_handle = NULL;

#define MAX_DATA_SIZE 262144 // WTAP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE_STANDARD. Increase if needed.

/* Initialize the subtree pointers */
static gint ett_systemd_journal_entry = -1;
static gint ett_systemd_binary_data = -1;
static gint ett_systemd_unknown_field = -1;

// XXX Use a value_string instead?
typedef struct _journal_field_hf_map {
    int hfid;
    const char *name;
} journal_field_hf_map;

static journal_field_hf_map *jf_to_hf;

static void init_jf_to_hf_map(void) {
    journal_field_hf_map jhmap[] = {
        // Official.
        { hf_sj_message, "MESSAGE=" },
        { hf_sj_message_id, "MESSAGE_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_priority, "PRIORITY=" },
        { hf_sj_code_file, "CODE_FILE=" },
        { hf_sj_code_line, "CODE_LINE=" },
        { hf_sj_code_func, "CODE_FUNC=" },
        { hf_sj_result, "RESULT=" },
        { hf_sj_errno, "ERRNO=" },
        { hf_sj_syslog_facility, "SYSLOG_FACILITY=" },
        { hf_sj_syslog_identifier, "SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=" },
        { hf_sj_syslog_pid, "SYSLOG_PID=" },

        { hf_sj_pid, "_PID=" },
        { hf_sj_uid, "_UID=" },
        { hf_sj_gid, "_GID=" },
        { hf_sj_comm, "_COMM=" },
        { hf_sj_exe, "_EXE=" },
        { hf_sj_cmdline, "_CMDLINE=" },
        { hf_sj_cap_effective, "_CAP_EFFECTIVE=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_session, "_AUDIT_SESSION=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_loginuid, "_AUDIT_LOGINUID=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_cgroup, "_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_slice, "_SYSTEMD_SLICE=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_unit, "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_user_unit, "_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_session, "_SYSTEMD_SESSION=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_owner_uid, "_SYSTEMD_OWNER_UID=" },

        { hf_sj_selinux_context, "_SELINUX_CONTEXT=" },
        { hf_sj_source_realtime_timestamp, "_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=" },
        { hf_sj_source_monotonic_timestamp, "_SOURCE_MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=" },
        { hf_sj_boot_id, "_BOOT_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_machine_id, "_MACHINE_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_invocation_id, "_SYSTEMD_INVOCATION_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_hostname, "_HOSTNAME=" },
        { hf_sj_transport, "_TRANSPORT=" },
        { hf_sj_stream_id, "_STREAM_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_line_break, "_LINE_BREAK=" },

        { hf_sj_kernel_device, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=" },
        { hf_sj_kernel_subsystem, "_KERNEL_SUBSYSTEM=" },
        { hf_sj_udev_sysname, "_UDEV_SYSNAME=" },
        { hf_sj_udev_devnode, "_UDEV_DEVNODE=" },
        { hf_sj_udev_devlink, "_UDEV_DEVLINK=" },

        { hf_sj_coredump_unit, "COREDUMP_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_coredump_user_unit, "COREDUMP_USER_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_object_pid, "OBJECT_PID=" },
        { hf_sj_object_uid, "OBJECT_UID=" },
        { hf_sj_object_gid, "OBJECT_GID=" },
        { hf_sj_object_comm, "OBJECT_COMM=" },
        { hf_sj_object_exe, "OBJECT_EXE=" },
        { hf_sj_object_cmdline, "OBJECT_CMDLINE=" },
        { hf_sj_object_audit_session, "OBJECT_AUDIT_SESSION=" },
        { hf_sj_object_audit_loginuid, "OBJECT_AUDIT_LOGINUID=" },
        { hf_sj_object_cap_effective, "OBJECT_CAP_EFFECTIVE=" },
        { hf_sj_object_selinux_context, "OBJECT_SELINUX_CONTEXT=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_cgroup, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_session, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_SESSION=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_owner_uid, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_OWNER_UID=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_unit, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_user_unit, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_slice, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_SLICE=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_user_slice, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_USER_SLICE=" },
        { hf_sj_object_systemd_invocation_id, "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_INVOCATION_ID=" },

        { hf_sj_cursor, "__CURSOR=" },
        { hf_sj_realtime_timestamp, "__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP=" },
        { hf_sj_monotonic_timestamp, "__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP=" },

        // Unofficial?
        { hf_sj_journal_name, "JOURNAL_NAME=" }, // systemd-journald: Runtime journal (/run/log/journal/) is ...
        { hf_sj_journal_path, "JOURNAL_PATH=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_current_use, "CURRENT_USE=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_current_use_pretty, "CURRENT_USE_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_max_use, "MAX_USE=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_max_use_pretty, "MAX_USE_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_disk_keep_free, "DISK_KEEP_FREE=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_disk_keep_free_pretty, "DISK_KEEP_FREE_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_disk_available, "DISK_AVAILABLE=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_disk_available_pretty, "DISK_AVAILABLE_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_limit, "LIMIT=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_limit_pretty, "LIMIT_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_available, "AVAILABLE=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_available_pretty, "AVAILABLE_PRETTY=" }, // ""
        { hf_sj_code_func, "CODE_FUNCTION=" }, // Dup / alias of CODE_FUNC?
        { hf_sj_systemd_user_unit, "UNIT=" }, // Dup / alias of _SYSTEMD_UNIT?
        { hf_sj_systemd_user_unit, "USER_UNIT=" }, // Dup / alias of _SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT?
        { hf_sj_audit_type, "_AUDIT_TYPE=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_id, "_AUDIT_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_field_apparmor, "_AUDIT_FIELD_APPARMOR=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_field_operation, "_AUDIT_FIELD_OPERATION=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_field_profile, "_AUDIT_FIELD_PROFILE=" },
        { hf_sj_audit_field_name, "_AUDIT_FIELD_NAME=" },
        { hf_sj_seat_id, "SEAT_ID=" },
        { hf_sj_kernel_usec, "KERNEL_USEC=" },
        { hf_sj_userspace_usec, "USERSPACE_USEC" },
        { hf_sj_session_id, "SESSION_ID" },
        { hf_sj_user_id, "USER_ID" },
        { hf_sj_leader, "LEADER" },
        { hf_sj_job_type, "JOB_TYPE" },
        { hf_sj_job_result, "JOB_RESULT" },
        { hf_sj_user_invocation_id, "USER_INVOCATION_ID" },
        { hf_sj_systemd_user_slice, "_SYSTEMD_USER_SLICE=" },
        { 0, NULL }
    };
    jf_to_hf = (journal_field_hf_map*) g_memdup2(jhmap, sizeof(jhmap));
}

static void
dissect_sjle_time_usecs(proto_tree *tree, int hf_idx, tvbuff_t *tvb, int offset, int len) {
    guint64 rt_ts = 0;
    char *time_str = tvb_format_text(wmem_packet_scope(), tvb, offset, len);
    gboolean ok = ws_strtou64(time_str, NULL, &rt_ts);
    if (ok) {
        nstime_t ts;
        ts.secs = (time_t) (rt_ts / 1000000);
        ts.nsecs = (rt_ts % 1000000) * 1000;
        proto_tree_add_time(tree, hf_idx, tvb, offset, len, &ts);
    } else {
        proto_tree_add_expert_format(tree, NULL, &ei_undecoded_field, tvb, offset, len, "Invalid time value %s", time_str);
    }
}

static void
dissect_sjle_uint(proto_tree *tree, int hf_idx, tvbuff_t *tvb, int offset, int len) {
    guint32 uint_val = (guint32) strtoul(tvb_format_text(wmem_packet_scope(), tvb, offset, len), NULL, 10);
    proto_tree_add_uint(tree, hf_idx, tvb, offset, len, uint_val);
}

static void
dissect_sjle_int(proto_tree *tree, int hf_idx, tvbuff_t *tvb, int offset, int len) {
    gint32 int_val = (gint32) strtol(tvb_format_text(wmem_packet_scope(), tvb, offset, len), NULL, 10);
    proto_tree_add_int(tree, hf_idx, tvb, offset, len, int_val);
}

/* Dissect a line-based journal export entry */
static int
dissect_systemd_journal_line_entry(tvbuff_t *tvb, packet_info *pinfo _U_, proto_tree *tree,
        void *data _U_)
{
    proto_item *ti;
    proto_tree *sje_tree;
    int         offset = 0, next_offset = 0;

    col_set_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_PROTOCOL, PSNAME);
    col_clear(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO);
    col_set_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, "Journal Entry");

    ti = proto_tree_add_item(tree, proto_systemd_journal, tvb, 0, -1, ENC_NA);
    sje_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(ti, ett_systemd_journal_entry);

    while (tvb_offset_exists(tvb, offset)) {
        int line_len = tvb_find_line_end(tvb, offset, -1, &next_offset, FALSE);
        if (line_len < 3) {
            // Invalid or zero length.
            // XXX Add an expert item for non-empty lines.
            offset = next_offset;
            continue;
        }
        gboolean found = FALSE;
        int eq_off = tvb_find_guint8(tvb, offset, line_len, '=') + 1;
        int val_len = offset + line_len - eq_off;

        for (int i = 0; jf_to_hf[i].name; i++) {
            if (tvb_memeql(tvb, offset, (const guint8*) jf_to_hf[i].name, strlen(jf_to_hf[i].name)) == 0) {
                int hf_idx = jf_to_hf[i].hfid;
                switch (proto_registrar_get_ftype(hf_idx)) {
                case FT_ABSOLUTE_TIME:
                case FT_RELATIVE_TIME:
                    dissect_sjle_time_usecs(sje_tree, hf_idx, tvb, eq_off, val_len);
                    break;
                case FT_UINT32:
                case FT_UINT16:
                case FT_UINT8:
                    dissect_sjle_uint(sje_tree, hf_idx, tvb, eq_off, val_len);
                    break;
                case FT_INT32:
                case FT_INT16:
                case FT_INT8:
                    dissect_sjle_int(sje_tree, hf_idx, tvb, eq_off, val_len);
                    break;
                case FT_STRING:
                    proto_tree_add_item(sje_tree, jf_to_hf[i].hfid, tvb, eq_off, val_len, ENC_UTF_8|ENC_NA);
                    break;
                default:
                {
                    proto_item *expert_ti = proto_tree_add_item(sje_tree, hf_sj_unhandled_field_type, tvb, offset, line_len,
                                                                    ENC_UTF_8);
                    expert_add_info(pinfo, expert_ti, &ei_unhandled_field_type);
                    break;
                }
                }
                if (hf_idx == hf_sj_message) {
                    col_clear(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO);
                    col_add_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, (char *) tvb_get_string_enc(pinfo->pool, tvb, eq_off, val_len, ENC_UTF_8));
                }
                found = TRUE;
            }
        }

        if (!found && eq_off > offset + 1) {
            proto_item *unk_ti = proto_tree_add_none_format(sje_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field, tvb, offset, line_len,
                                                            "Unknown text field: %s", tvb_get_string_enc(pinfo->pool, tvb, offset, eq_off - offset - 1, ENC_UTF_8));
            proto_tree *unk_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(unk_ti, ett_systemd_unknown_field);
            proto_tree_add_item(unk_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field_name, tvb, offset, eq_off - offset - 1, ENC_UTF_8);
            proto_tree_add_item(unk_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field_value, tvb, eq_off, val_len, ENC_UTF_8);
            offset = next_offset;
            continue;
        }

        // Try again, looking for binary fields.
        if (!found) {
            for (int i = 0; jf_to_hf[i].name; i++) {
                int noeql_len = (int) strlen(jf_to_hf[i].name) - 1;
                if (tvb_memeql(tvb, offset, (const guint8 *) jf_to_hf[i].name, (size_t) noeql_len) == 0 && tvb_memeql(tvb, offset+noeql_len, (const guint8 *) "\n", 1) == 0) {
                    int hf_idx = jf_to_hf[i].hfid;
                    guint64 data_len = tvb_get_letoh64(tvb, offset + noeql_len + 1);
                    int data_off = offset + noeql_len + 1 + 8; // \n + data len
                    next_offset = data_off + (int) data_len + 1;
                    if (proto_registrar_get_ftype(hf_idx) == FT_STRING) {
                        proto_item *bin_ti = proto_tree_add_item(sje_tree, hf_idx, tvb, data_off, (int) data_len, ENC_NA);
                        proto_tree *bin_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(bin_ti, ett_systemd_binary_data);
                        proto_tree_add_item(bin_tree, hf_sj_binary_data_len, tvb, offset + noeql_len + 1, 8, ENC_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
                        if (hf_idx == hf_sj_message) {
                            col_clear(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO);
                            col_add_str(pinfo->cinfo, COL_INFO, tvb_format_text(pinfo->pool, tvb, data_off, (int) data_len));
                        }
                    } else {
                        proto_item *unk_ti = proto_tree_add_none_format(sje_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field, tvb, offset, line_len,
                                                                        "Unknown data field: %s", tvb_format_text(pinfo->pool, tvb, offset, eq_off - offset - 1));
                        proto_tree *unk_tree = proto_item_add_subtree(unk_ti, ett_systemd_unknown_field);
                        proto_item *expert_ti = proto_tree_add_item(unk_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field_name, tvb, offset, offset + noeql_len, ENC_UTF_8);
                        proto_tree_add_item(unk_tree, hf_sj_unknown_field_data, tvb, data_off, (int) data_len, ENC_UTF_8);
                        expert_add_info(pinfo, expert_ti, &ei_nonbinary_field);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        offset = next_offset;
    }

    return offset;
}

/*
 * Register the protocol with Wireshark.
 */
void
proto_register_systemd_journal(void)
{
    expert_module_t *expert_systemd_journal;

    static hf_register_info hf[] = {
        { &hf_sj_message,
          { "Message", "systemd_journal.message",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_message_id,
          { "Message ID", "systemd_journal.message_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_priority,
          { "Priority", "systemd_journal.priority",
            FT_UINT8, BASE_DEC, VALS(syslog_level_vals), 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_code_file,
          { "Code file", "systemd_journal.code_file",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_code_line,
          { "Code line", "systemd_journal.code_line",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_code_func,
          { "Code func", "systemd_journal.code_func",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_errno,
          { "Errno", "systemd_journal.errno",
            FT_INT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_syslog_facility,
          { "Syslog facility", "systemd_journal.syslog_facility",
            FT_UINT8, BASE_NONE, VALS(syslog_facility_vals), 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_syslog_identifier,
          { "Syslog identifier", "systemd_journal.syslog_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_syslog_pid,
          { "Syslog PID", "systemd_journal.syslog_pid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_pid,
          { "PID", "systemd_journal.pid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_uid,
          { "UID", "systemd_journal.uid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_gid,
          { "GID", "systemd_journal.gid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_comm,
          { "Command name", "systemd_journal.comm",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_exe,
          { "Executable path", "systemd_journal.exe",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_cmdline,
          { "Command line", "systemd_journal.cmdline",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_cap_effective,
          { "Effective capability", "systemd_journal.cap_effective",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_session,
          { "Audit session", "systemd_journal.audit_session",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_loginuid,
          { "Audit login UID", "systemd_journal.audit_loginuid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_systemd_cgroup,
          { "Systemd cgroup", "systemd_journal.systemd_cgroup",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_slice,
          { "Systemd slice", "systemd_journal.systemd_slice",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_unit,
          { "Systemd unit", "systemd_journal.systemd_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_user_unit,
          { "Systemd user unit", "systemd_journal.systemd_user_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_session,
          { "Systemd session", "systemd_journal.systemd_session",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_owner_uid,
          { "Systemd owner UID", "systemd_journal.systemd_owner_uid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_selinux_context,
          { "SELinux context", "systemd_journal.selinux_context",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_source_realtime_timestamp,
          { "Source realtime timestamp", "systemd_journal.source_realtime_timestamp",
            FT_ABSOLUTE_TIME, ABSOLUTE_TIME_LOCAL, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_boot_id,
          { "Boot ID", "systemd_journal.boot_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_machine_id,
          { "Machine ID", "systemd_journal.machine_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_invocation_id,
          { "Systemd invocation ID", "systemd_journal.systemd_invocation_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_hostname,
          { "Hostname", "systemd_journal.hostname",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_transport,
          { "Transport", "systemd_journal.transport",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_stream_id,
          { "Stream ID", "systemd_journal.stream_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_line_break,
          { "Line break", "systemd_journal.line_break",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_kernel_device,
          { "Kernel device", "systemd_journal.kernel_device",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_kernel_subsystem,
          { "Kernel subsystem", "systemd_journal.kernel_subsystem",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_udev_sysname,
          { "Device tree name", "systemd_journal.udev_sysname",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_udev_devnode,
          { "Device tree node", "systemd_journal.udev_devnode",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_udev_devlink,
          { "Device tree symlink", "systemd_journal.udev_devlink",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_coredump_unit,
          { "Coredump unit", "systemd_journal.coredump_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_coredump_user_unit,
          { "Coredump user unit", "systemd_journal.coredump_user_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_pid,
          { "Object PID", "systemd_journal.object_pid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_uid,
          { "Object UID", "systemd_journal.object_uid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_gid,
          { "Object GID", "systemd_journal.object_gid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_comm,
          { "Object command name", "systemd_journal.object_comm",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_exe,
          { "Object executable path", "systemd_journal.object_exe",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_cmdline,
          { "Object command line", "systemd_journal.object_cmdline",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_audit_session,
          { "Object audit session", "systemd_journal.object_audit_session",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_audit_loginuid,
          { "Object audit login UID", "systemd_journal.object_audit_loginuid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_cap_effective,
          { "Object effective capability", "systemd_journal.object_cap_effective",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_selinux_context,
          { "Object SELinux context", "systemd_journal.object_selinux_context",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_cgroup,
          { "Object systemd cgroup", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_cgroup",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_session,
          { "Object systemd session", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_session",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_owner_uid,
          { "Object systemd owner UID", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_owner_uid",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_unit,
          { "Object systemd unit", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_user_unit,
          { "Object systemd user unit", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_user_unit",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_slice,
          { "Object systemd slice", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_slice",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_user_slice,
          { "Object systemd user slice", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_user_slice",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_object_systemd_invocation_id,
          { "Object systemd invocation ID", "systemd_journal.object_systemd_invocation_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_cursor,
          { "Cursor", "systemd_journal.cursor",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_realtime_timestamp,
          { "Realtime Timestamp", "systemd_journal.realtime_timestamp",
            FT_ABSOLUTE_TIME, ABSOLUTE_TIME_LOCAL, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_monotonic_timestamp,
          { "Monotonic Timestamp", "systemd_journal.monotonic_timestamp",
            FT_RELATIVE_TIME, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_journal_name,
          { "Journal name", "systemd_journal.journal_name",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_journal_path,
          { "Journal path", "systemd_journal.journal_path",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_current_use,
          { "Current use", "systemd_journal.current_use",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_current_use_pretty,
          { "Human readable current use", "systemd_journal.current_use_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_max_use,
          { "Max use", "systemd_journal.max_use",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_max_use_pretty,
          { "Human readable max use", "systemd_journal.max_use_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_disk_keep_free,
          { "Disk keep free", "systemd_journal.disk_keep_free",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_disk_keep_free_pretty,
          { "Human readable disk keep free", "systemd_journal.disk_keep_free_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_disk_available,
          { "Disk available", "systemd_journal.disk_available",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_disk_available_pretty,
          { "Human readable disk available", "systemd_journal.disk_available_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_limit,
          { "Limit", "systemd_journal.limit",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_limit_pretty,
          { "Human readable limit", "systemd_journal.limit_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_available,
          { "Available", "systemd_journal.available",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_available_pretty,
          { "Human readable available", "systemd_journal.available_pretty",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_result,
          { "Result", "systemd_journal.result",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_source_monotonic_timestamp,
          { "Source monotonic timestamp", "systemd_journal.source_monotonic_timestamp",
            FT_RELATIVE_TIME, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_type,
          { "Audit type", "systemd_journal.audit_type",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_id,
          { "Audit ID", "systemd_journal.audit_id",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_field_apparmor,
          { "Audit field AppArmor", "systemd_journal.audit_field_apparmor",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_field_operation,
          { "Audit field operation", "systemd_journal.audit_field_operation",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_field_profile,
          { "Audit field profile", "systemd_journal.audit_field_profile",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_audit_field_name,
          { "Audit field name", "systemd_journal.audit_field_name",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_seat_id,
          { "Seat ID", "systemd_journal.seat_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_kernel_usec,
          { "Kernel microseconds", "systemd_journal.kernel_usec",
            FT_RELATIVE_TIME, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_userspace_usec,
          { "Userspace microseconds", "systemd_journal.userspace_usec",
            FT_RELATIVE_TIME, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_session_id,
          { "Session ID", "systemd_journal.session_id",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_user_id,
          { "User ID", "systemd_journal.user_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_leader,
          { "Leader", "systemd_journal.leader",
            FT_UINT32, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_job_type,
          { "Job type", "systemd_journal.job_type",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_job_result,
          { "Job result", "systemd_journal.job_result",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_user_invocation_id,
          { "User invocation ID", "systemd_journal.user_invocation_id",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_systemd_user_slice,
          { "Systemd user slice", "systemd_journal.systemd_user_slice",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },

        { &hf_sj_binary_data_len,
          { "Binary data length", "systemd_journal.binary_data_len",
            FT_UINT64, BASE_DEC, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_unknown_field,
          { "Unknown field", "systemd_journal.field",
            FT_NONE, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_unknown_field_name,
          { "Field name", "systemd_journal.field.name",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_unknown_field_value,
          { "Field value", "systemd_journal.field.value",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_unknown_field_data,
          { "Field data", "systemd_journal.field.data",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        },
        { &hf_sj_unhandled_field_type,
          { "Field data", "systemd_journal.unhandled_field_type",
            FT_STRING, BASE_NONE, NULL, 0x0, NULL, HFILL }
        }
    };

    /* Setup protocol subtree array */
    static gint *ett[] = {
        &ett_systemd_journal_entry,
        &ett_systemd_binary_data,
        &ett_systemd_unknown_field
    };

    /* Setup protocol expert items */
    static ei_register_info ei[] = {
        { &ei_unhandled_field_type,
          { "systemd_journal.unhandled_field_type.undecoded", PI_UNDECODED, PI_ERROR,
            "Unhandled field type", EXPFILL }
        },
        { &ei_nonbinary_field,
          { "systemd_journal.nonbinary_field", PI_UNDECODED, PI_WARN,
            "Field shouldn't be binary", EXPFILL }
        },
        { &ei_undecoded_field,
          { "systemd_journal.undecoded_field", PI_UNDECODED, PI_WARN,
            "Unable to decode field", EXPFILL }
        }
    };

    /* Register the protocol name and description */
    proto_systemd_journal = proto_register_protocol(PNAME, PSNAME, PFNAME);

    /* Required function calls to register the header fields and subtrees */
    proto_register_field_array(proto_systemd_journal, hf, array_length(hf));
    proto_register_subtree_array(ett, array_length(ett));

    /* Required function calls to register expert items */
    expert_systemd_journal = expert_register_protocol(proto_systemd_journal);
    expert_register_field_array(expert_systemd_journal, ei, array_length(ei));

    sje_handle = register_dissector("systemd_journal", dissect_systemd_journal_line_entry,
                proto_systemd_journal);

    init_jf_to_hf_map();
}

#define BLOCK_TYPE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_EXPORT 0x0000009
void
proto_reg_handoff_systemd_journal(void)
{
    int file_type_subtype_systemd_journal;

    file_type_subtype_systemd_journal = wtap_name_to_file_type_subtype("systemd_journal");
    if (file_type_subtype_systemd_journal != -1)
        dissector_add_uint("wtap_fts_rec", file_type_subtype_systemd_journal, sje_handle);
    dissector_add_uint("pcapng.block_type", BLOCK_TYPE_SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_EXPORT, sje_handle);
    // It's possible to ship journal entries over HTTP/HTTPS using
    // systemd-journal-remote. Dissecting them on the wire isn't very
    // useful since it's easy to end up with a packet containing a
    // single, huge reassembled journal with many entries.
    dissector_add_string("media_type", "application/vnd.fdo.journal", sje_handle);
}

/*
 * Editor modelines  -  https://www.wireshark.org/tools/modelines.html
 *
 * Local variables:
 * c-basic-offset: 4
 * tab-width: 8
 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
 * End:
 *
 * vi: set shiftwidth=4 tabstop=8 expandtab:
 * :indentSize=4:tabSize=8:noTabs=true:
 */