Adding upstream version 1:9.18.19.upstream/1%9.18.19

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 193 insertions, 0 deletions

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+.. Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+..
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+..
+.. This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+.. License, v. 2.0.  If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+.. file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+..
+.. See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
+.. information regarding copyright ownership.
+
+.. highlight: console
+
+.. iscman:: host
+.. program:: host
+.. _man_host:
+
+host - DNS lookup utility
+-------------------------
+
+Synopsis
+~~~~~~~~
+
+:program:`host` [**-aACdlnrsTUwv**] [**-c** class] [**-N** ndots] [**-p** port] [**-R** number] [**-t** type] [**-W** wait] [**-m** flag] [ [**-4**] | [**-6**] ] [**-v**] [**-V**] {name} [server]
+
+Description
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+:program:`host` is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally
+used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. When no arguments
+or options are given, :program:`host` prints a short summary of its
+command-line arguments and options.
+
+``name`` is the domain name that is to be looked up. It can also be a
+dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited IPv6 address, in which
+case :program:`host` by default performs a reverse lookup for that address.
+``server`` is an optional argument which is either the name or IP
+address of the name server that :program:`host` should query instead of the
+server or servers listed in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
+
+Options
+~~~~~~~
+
+.. option:: -4
+
+   This option specifies that only IPv4 should be used for query transport. See also the :option:`-6` option.
+
+.. option:: -6
+
+   This option specifies that only IPv6 should be used for query transport. See also the :option:`-4` option.
+
+.. option:: -a
+
+   The :option:`-a` ("all") option is normally equivalent to :option:`-v` :option:`-t ANY <-t>`. It
+   also affects the behavior of the :option:`-l` list zone option.
+
+.. option:: -A
+
+   The :option:`-A` ("almost all") option is equivalent to :option:`-a`, except that RRSIG,
+   NSEC, and NSEC3 records are omitted from the output.
+
+.. option:: -c class
+
+   This option specifies the query class, which can be used to lookup HS (Hesiod) or CH (Chaosnet)
+   class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
+
+.. option:: -C
+
+   This option indicates that :iscman:`named` should check consistency, meaning that :program:`host` queries the SOA records for zone
+   ``name`` from all the listed authoritative name servers for that
+   zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are
+   found for the zone.
+
+.. option:: -d
+
+   This option prints debugging traces, and is equivalent to the :option:`-v` verbose option.
+
+.. option:: -l
+
+   This option tells :iscman:`named` to list the zone, meaning the :program:`host` command performs a zone transfer of zone
+   ``name`` and prints out the NS, PTR, and address records (A/AAAA).
+
+   Together, the :option:`-l` :option:`-a` options print all records in the zone.
+
+.. option:: -N ndots
+
+   This option specifies the number of dots (``ndots``) that have to be in ``name`` for it to be
+   considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the
+   ``ndots`` statement in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, or 1 if no ``ndots`` statement
+   is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names,
+   and are searched for in the domains listed in the ``search`` or
+   ``domain`` directive in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
+
+.. option:: -p port
+
+   This option specifies the port to query on the server. The default is 53.
+
+.. option:: -r
+
+   This option specifies a non-recursive query; setting this option clears the RD (recursion
+   desired) bit in the query. This means that the name server
+   receiving the query does not attempt to resolve ``name``. The :option:`-r`
+   option enables :program:`host` to mimic the behavior of a name server by
+   making non-recursive queries, and expecting to receive answers to
+   those queries that can be referrals to other name servers.
+
+.. option:: -R number
+
+   This option specifies the number of retries for UDP queries. If ``number`` is negative or zero,
+   the number of retries is silently set to 1. The default value is 1, or
+   the value of the ``attempts`` option in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, if set.
+
+.. option:: -s
+
+   This option tells :iscman:`named` *not* to send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds
+   with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub
+   resolver behavior.
+
+.. option:: -t type
+
+   This option specifies the query type. The ``type`` argument can be any recognized query type:
+   CNAME, NS, SOA, TXT, DNSKEY, AXFR, etc.
+
+   When no query type is specified, :program:`host` automatically selects an
+   appropriate query type. By default, it looks for A, AAAA, and MX
+   records. If the :option:`-C` option is given, queries are made for SOA
+   records. If ``name`` is a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or
+   colon-delimited IPv6 address, :program:`host` queries for PTR records.
+
+   If a query type of IXFR is chosen, the starting serial number can be
+   specified by appending an equals sign (=), followed by the starting serial
+   number, e.g., :option:`-t IXFR=12345678 <-t>`.
+
+.. option:: -T, -U
+
+   This option specifies TCP or UDP. By default, :program:`host` uses UDP when making queries; the
+   :option:`-T` option makes it use a TCP connection when querying the name
+   server. TCP is automatically selected for queries that require
+   it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests. Type ``ANY`` queries default
+   to TCP, but can be forced to use UDP initially via :option:`-U`.
+
+.. option:: -m flag
+
+   This option sets memory usage debugging: the flag can be ``record``, ``usage``, or
+   ``trace``. The :option:`-m` option can be specified more than once to set
+   multiple flags.
+
+.. option:: -v
+
+   This option sets verbose output, and is equivalent to the :option:`-d` debug option. Verbose output
+   can also be enabled by setting the ``debug`` option in
+   ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
+
+.. option:: -V
+
+   This option prints the version number and exits.
+
+.. option:: -w
+
+   This option sets "wait forever": the query timeout is set to the maximum possible. See
+   also the :option:`-W` option.
+
+.. option:: -W wait
+
+   This options sets the length of the wait timeout, indicating that :iscman:`named` should wait for up to ``wait`` seconds for a reply. If ``wait`` is
+   less than 1, the wait interval is set to 1 second.
+
+   By default, :program:`host` waits for 5 seconds for UDP responses and 10
+   seconds for TCP connections. These defaults can be overridden by the
+   ``timeout`` option in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
+
+   See also the :option:`-w` option.
+
+IDN Support
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If :program:`host` has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name)
+support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. :program:`host`
+appropriately converts character encoding of a domain name before sending
+a request to a DNS server or displaying a reply from the server.
+To turn off IDN support, define the ``IDN_DISABLE``
+environment variable. IDN support is disabled if the variable is set
+when :program:`host` runs.
+
+Files
+~~~~~
+
+``/etc/resolv.conf``
+
+See Also
+~~~~~~~~
+
+:iscman:`dig(1) <dig>`, :iscman:`named(8) <named>`.