Adding upstream version 6.1.76.upstream/6.1.76

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2111 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/core/rawmidi.c b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d8edb6055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2111 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Abstract layer for MIDI v1.0 stream
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <linux/major.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/nospec.h>
+#include <sound/rawmidi.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/minors.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Midlevel RawMidi code for ALSA.");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+static int midi_map[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static int amidi_map[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = 1};
+module_param_array(midi_map, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(midi_map, "Raw MIDI device number assigned to 1st OSS device.");
+module_param_array(amidi_map, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(amidi_map, "Raw MIDI device number assigned to 2nd OSS device.");
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL */
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi);
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_free(struct snd_device *device);
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_register(struct snd_device *device);
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device);
+
+static LIST_HEAD(snd_rawmidi_devices);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(register_mutex);
+
+#define rmidi_err(rmidi, fmt, args...) \
+	dev_err(&(rmidi)->dev, fmt, ##args)
+#define rmidi_warn(rmidi, fmt, args...) \
+	dev_warn(&(rmidi)->dev, fmt, ##args)
+#define rmidi_dbg(rmidi, fmt, args...) \
+	dev_dbg(&(rmidi)->dev, fmt, ##args)
+
+struct snd_rawmidi_status32 {
+	s32 stream;
+	s32 tstamp_sec;			/* Timestamp */
+	s32 tstamp_nsec;
+	u32 avail;			/* available bytes */
+	u32 xruns;			/* count of overruns since last status (in bytes) */
+	unsigned char reserved[16];	/* reserved for future use */
+};
+
+#define SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_STATUS32	_IOWR('W', 0x20, struct snd_rawmidi_status32)
+
+struct snd_rawmidi_status64 {
+	int stream;
+	u8 rsvd[4];			/* alignment */
+	s64 tstamp_sec;			/* Timestamp */
+	s64 tstamp_nsec;
+	size_t avail;			/* available bytes */
+	size_t xruns;			/* count of overruns since last status (in bytes) */
+	unsigned char reserved[16];	/* reserved for future use */
+};
+
+#define SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_STATUS64	_IOWR('W', 0x20, struct snd_rawmidi_status64)
+
+static struct snd_rawmidi *snd_rawmidi_search(struct snd_card *card, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rawmidi;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(rawmidi, &snd_rawmidi_devices, list)
+		if (rawmidi->card == card && rawmidi->device == device)
+			return rawmidi;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned short snd_rawmidi_file_flags(struct file *file)
+{
+	switch (file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE)) {
+	case FMODE_WRITE:
+		return SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_OUTPUT;
+	case FMODE_READ:
+		return SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_INPUT;
+	default:
+		return SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_OPEN;
+	}
+}
+
+static inline bool __snd_rawmidi_ready(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	return runtime->avail >= runtime->avail_min;
+}
+
+static bool snd_rawmidi_ready(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	bool ready;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	ready = __snd_rawmidi_ready(substream->runtime);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return ready;
+}
+
+static inline int snd_rawmidi_ready_append(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+					   size_t count)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	return runtime->avail >= runtime->avail_min &&
+	       (!substream->append || runtime->avail >= count);
+}
+
+static void snd_rawmidi_input_event_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime =
+		container_of(work, struct snd_rawmidi_runtime, event_work);
+
+	if (runtime->event)
+		runtime->event(runtime->substream);
+}
+
+/* buffer refcount management: call with substream->lock held */
+static inline void snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	runtime->buffer_ref++;
+}
+
+static inline void snd_rawmidi_buffer_unref(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	runtime->buffer_ref--;
+}
+
+static void snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref_sync(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	int loop = HZ;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	while (substream->runtime->buffer_ref) {
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		if (!--loop) {
+			rmidi_err(substream->rmidi, "Buffer ref sync timeout\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_runtime_create(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+
+	runtime = kzalloc(sizeof(*runtime), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!runtime)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	runtime->substream = substream;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&runtime->sleep);
+	INIT_WORK(&runtime->event_work, snd_rawmidi_input_event_work);
+	runtime->event = NULL;
+	runtime->buffer_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+	runtime->avail_min = 1;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT)
+		runtime->avail = 0;
+	else
+		runtime->avail = runtime->buffer_size;
+	runtime->buffer = kvzalloc(runtime->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!runtime->buffer) {
+		kfree(runtime);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
+	substream->runtime = runtime;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_runtime_free(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	kvfree(runtime->buffer);
+	kfree(runtime);
+	substream->runtime = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	if (!substream->opened)
+		return;
+	substream->ops->trigger(substream, up);
+}
+
+static void snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	if (!substream->opened)
+		return;
+	substream->ops->trigger(substream, up);
+	if (!up)
+		cancel_work_sync(&substream->runtime->event_work);
+}
+
+static void __reset_runtime_ptrs(struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime,
+				 bool is_input)
+{
+	runtime->drain = 0;
+	runtime->appl_ptr = runtime->hw_ptr = 0;
+	runtime->avail = is_input ? 0 : runtime->buffer_size;
+}
+
+static void reset_runtime_ptrs(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			       bool is_input)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (substream->opened && substream->runtime)
+		__reset_runtime_ptrs(substream->runtime, is_input);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+}
+
+int snd_rawmidi_drop_output(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(substream, 0);
+	reset_runtime_ptrs(substream, false);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drop_output);
+
+int snd_rawmidi_drain_output(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	long timeout;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!substream->opened || !runtime || !runtime->buffer) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	} else {
+		snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref(runtime);
+		runtime->drain = 1;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	timeout = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(runtime->sleep,
+				(runtime->avail >= runtime->buffer_size),
+				10*HZ);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	if (signal_pending(current))
+		err = -ERESTARTSYS;
+	if (runtime->avail < runtime->buffer_size && !timeout) {
+		rmidi_warn(substream->rmidi,
+			   "rawmidi drain error (avail = %li, buffer_size = %li)\n",
+			   (long)runtime->avail, (long)runtime->buffer_size);
+		err = -EIO;
+	}
+	runtime->drain = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+
+	if (err != -ERESTARTSYS) {
+		/* we need wait a while to make sure that Tx FIFOs are empty */
+		if (substream->ops->drain)
+			substream->ops->drain(substream);
+		else
+			msleep(50);
+		snd_rawmidi_drop_output(substream);
+	}
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	snd_rawmidi_buffer_unref(runtime);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drain_output);
+
+int snd_rawmidi_drain_input(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(substream, 0);
+	reset_runtime_ptrs(substream, true);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_drain_input);
+
+/* look for an available substream for the given stream direction;
+ * if a specific subdevice is given, try to assign it
+ */
+static int assign_substream(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int subdevice,
+			    int stream, int mode,
+			    struct snd_rawmidi_substream **sub_ret)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_str *s = &rmidi->streams[stream];
+	static const unsigned int info_flags[2] = {
+		[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT] = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT,
+		[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT] = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT,
+	};
+
+	if (!(rmidi->info_flags & info_flags[stream]))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (subdevice >= 0 && subdevice >= s->substream_count)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(substream, &s->substreams, list) {
+		if (substream->opened) {
+			if (stream == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT ||
+			    !(mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_APPEND) ||
+			    !substream->append)
+				continue;
+		}
+		if (subdevice < 0 || subdevice == substream->number) {
+			*sub_ret = substream;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return -EAGAIN;
+}
+
+/* open and do ref-counting for the given substream */
+static int open_substream(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi,
+			  struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			  int mode)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (substream->use_count == 0) {
+		err = snd_rawmidi_runtime_create(substream);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = substream->ops->open(substream);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			snd_rawmidi_runtime_free(substream);
+			return err;
+		}
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		substream->opened = 1;
+		substream->active_sensing = 0;
+		if (mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_APPEND)
+			substream->append = 1;
+		substream->pid = get_pid(task_pid(current));
+		rmidi->streams[substream->stream].substream_opened++;
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	}
+	substream->use_count++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void close_substream(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi,
+			    struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			    int cleanup);
+
+static int rawmidi_open_priv(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int subdevice, int mode,
+			     struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *sinput = NULL, *soutput = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	rfile->input = rfile->output = NULL;
+	if (mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_INPUT) {
+		err = assign_substream(rmidi, subdevice,
+				       SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
+				       mode, &sinput);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_OUTPUT) {
+		err = assign_substream(rmidi, subdevice,
+				       SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
+				       mode, &soutput);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (sinput) {
+		err = open_substream(rmidi, sinput, mode);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (soutput) {
+		err = open_substream(rmidi, soutput, mode);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			if (sinput)
+				close_substream(rmidi, sinput, 0);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rfile->rmidi = rmidi;
+	rfile->input = sinput;
+	rfile->output = soutput;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* called from sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c */
+int snd_rawmidi_kernel_open(struct snd_card *card, int device, int subdevice,
+			    int mode, struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!rfile))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	rmidi = snd_rawmidi_search(card, device);
+	if (!rmidi)
+		err = -ENODEV;
+	else if (!try_module_get(rmidi->card->module))
+		err = -ENXIO;
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	err = rawmidi_open_priv(rmidi, subdevice, mode, rfile);
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		module_put(rmidi->card->module);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_kernel_open);
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	int maj = imajor(inode);
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int subdevice;
+	unsigned short fflags;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rawmidi_file = NULL;
+	wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
+	if ((file->f_flags & O_APPEND) && !(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))
+		return -EINVAL;		/* invalid combination */
+
+	err = stream_open(inode, file);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (maj == snd_major) {
+		rmidi = snd_lookup_minor_data(iminor(inode),
+					      SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_RAWMIDI);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+	} else if (maj == SOUND_MAJOR) {
+		rmidi = snd_lookup_oss_minor_data(iminor(inode),
+						  SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIDI);
+#endif
+	} else
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	if (rmidi == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!try_module_get(rmidi->card->module)) {
+		snd_card_unref(rmidi->card);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	card = rmidi->card;
+	err = snd_card_file_add(card, file);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto __error_card;
+	fflags = snd_rawmidi_file_flags(file);
+	if ((file->f_flags & O_APPEND) || maj == SOUND_MAJOR) /* OSS emul? */
+		fflags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_LFLG_APPEND;
+	rawmidi_file = kmalloc(sizeof(*rawmidi_file), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (rawmidi_file == NULL) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto __error;
+	}
+	rawmidi_file->user_pversion = 0;
+	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+	add_wait_queue(&rmidi->open_wait, &wait);
+	while (1) {
+		subdevice = snd_ctl_get_preferred_subdevice(card, SND_CTL_SUBDEV_RAWMIDI);
+		err = rawmidi_open_priv(rmidi, subdevice, fflags, rawmidi_file);
+		if (err >= 0)
+			break;
+		if (err == -EAGAIN) {
+			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+				err = -EBUSY;
+				break;
+			}
+		} else
+			break;
+		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+		mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+		schedule();
+		mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+		if (rmidi->card->shutdown) {
+			err = -ENODEV;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			err = -ERESTARTSYS;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	remove_wait_queue(&rmidi->open_wait, &wait);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		kfree(rawmidi_file);
+		goto __error;
+	}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+	if (rawmidi_file->input && rawmidi_file->input->runtime)
+		rawmidi_file->input->runtime->oss = (maj == SOUND_MAJOR);
+	if (rawmidi_file->output && rawmidi_file->output->runtime)
+		rawmidi_file->output->runtime->oss = (maj == SOUND_MAJOR);
+#endif
+	file->private_data = rawmidi_file;
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	snd_card_unref(rmidi->card);
+	return 0;
+
+ __error:
+	snd_card_file_remove(card, file);
+ __error_card:
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	module_put(rmidi->card->module);
+	snd_card_unref(rmidi->card);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void close_substream(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi,
+			    struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			    int cleanup)
+{
+	if (--substream->use_count)
+		return;
+
+	if (cleanup) {
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT)
+			snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(substream, 0);
+		else {
+			if (substream->active_sensing) {
+				unsigned char buf = 0xfe;
+				/* sending single active sensing message
+				 * to shut the device up
+				 */
+				snd_rawmidi_kernel_write(substream, &buf, 1);
+			}
+			if (snd_rawmidi_drain_output(substream) == -ERESTARTSYS)
+				snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(substream, 0);
+		}
+		snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref_sync(substream);
+	}
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	substream->opened = 0;
+	substream->append = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	substream->ops->close(substream);
+	if (substream->runtime->private_free)
+		substream->runtime->private_free(substream);
+	snd_rawmidi_runtime_free(substream);
+	put_pid(substream->pid);
+	substream->pid = NULL;
+	rmidi->streams[substream->stream].substream_opened--;
+}
+
+static void rawmidi_release_priv(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	rmidi = rfile->rmidi;
+	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	if (rfile->input) {
+		close_substream(rmidi, rfile->input, 1);
+		rfile->input = NULL;
+	}
+	if (rfile->output) {
+		close_substream(rmidi, rfile->output, 1);
+		rfile->output = NULL;
+	}
+	rfile->rmidi = NULL;
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	wake_up(&rmidi->open_wait);
+}
+
+/* called from sound/core/seq/seq_midi.c */
+int snd_rawmidi_kernel_release(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!rfile))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	rmidi = rfile->rmidi;
+	rawmidi_release_priv(rfile);
+	module_put(rmidi->card->module);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_kernel_release);
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct module *module;
+
+	rfile = file->private_data;
+	rmidi = rfile->rmidi;
+	rawmidi_release_priv(rfile);
+	kfree(rfile);
+	module = rmidi->card->module;
+	snd_card_file_remove(rmidi->card, file);
+	module_put(module);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_info(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			    struct snd_rawmidi_info *info)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	if (substream == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	rmidi = substream->rmidi;
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+	info->card = rmidi->card->number;
+	info->device = rmidi->device;
+	info->subdevice = substream->number;
+	info->stream = substream->stream;
+	info->flags = rmidi->info_flags;
+	strcpy(info->id, rmidi->id);
+	strcpy(info->name, rmidi->name);
+	strcpy(info->subname, substream->name);
+	info->subdevices_count = substream->pstr->substream_count;
+	info->subdevices_avail = (substream->pstr->substream_count -
+				  substream->pstr->substream_opened);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_info_user(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				 struct snd_rawmidi_info __user *_info)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_info info;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_info(substream, &info);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __snd_rawmidi_info_select(struct snd_card *card,
+				     struct snd_rawmidi_info *info)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_str *pstr;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+
+	rmidi = snd_rawmidi_search(card, info->device);
+	if (!rmidi)
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (info->stream < 0 || info->stream > 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	info->stream = array_index_nospec(info->stream, 2);
+	pstr = &rmidi->streams[info->stream];
+	if (pstr->substream_count == 0)
+		return -ENOENT;
+	if (info->subdevice >= pstr->substream_count)
+		return -ENXIO;
+	list_for_each_entry(substream, &pstr->substreams, list) {
+		if ((unsigned int)substream->number == info->subdevice)
+			return snd_rawmidi_info(substream, info);
+	}
+	return -ENXIO;
+}
+
+int snd_rawmidi_info_select(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_rawmidi_info *info)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	ret = __snd_rawmidi_info_select(card, info);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_info_select);
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_info_select_user(struct snd_card *card,
+					struct snd_rawmidi_info __user *_info)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_info info;
+
+	if (get_user(info.device, &_info->device))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (get_user(info.stream, &_info->stream))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (get_user(info.subdevice, &_info->subdevice))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	err = snd_rawmidi_info_select(card, &info);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int resize_runtime_buffer(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				 struct snd_rawmidi_params *params,
+				 bool is_input)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	char *newbuf, *oldbuf;
+	unsigned int framing = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_MASK;
+
+	if (params->buffer_size < 32 || params->buffer_size > 1024L * 1024L)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP && (params->buffer_size & 0x1f) != 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (params->avail_min < 1 || params->avail_min > params->buffer_size)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (params->buffer_size != runtime->buffer_size) {
+		newbuf = kvzalloc(params->buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!newbuf)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		if (runtime->buffer_ref) {
+			spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			kvfree(newbuf);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+		oldbuf = runtime->buffer;
+		runtime->buffer = newbuf;
+		runtime->buffer_size = params->buffer_size;
+		__reset_runtime_ptrs(runtime, is_input);
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		kvfree(oldbuf);
+	}
+	runtime->avail_min = params->avail_min;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_rawmidi_output_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      struct snd_rawmidi_params *params)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	snd_rawmidi_drain_output(substream);
+	mutex_lock(&substream->rmidi->open_mutex);
+	if (substream->append && substream->use_count > 1)
+		err = -EBUSY;
+	else
+		err = resize_runtime_buffer(substream, params, false);
+
+	if (!err)
+		substream->active_sensing = !params->no_active_sensing;
+	mutex_unlock(&substream->rmidi->open_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_output_params);
+
+int snd_rawmidi_input_params(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			     struct snd_rawmidi_params *params)
+{
+	unsigned int framing = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_MASK;
+	unsigned int clock_type = params->mode & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MASK;
+	int err;
+
+	snd_rawmidi_drain_input(substream);
+	mutex_lock(&substream->rmidi->open_mutex);
+	if (framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_NONE && clock_type != SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_NONE)
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	else if (clock_type > SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW)
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	else if (framing > SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP)
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	else
+		err = resize_runtime_buffer(substream, params, true);
+
+	if (!err) {
+		substream->framing = framing;
+		substream->clock_type = clock_type;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&substream->rmidi->open_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_input_params);
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_output_status(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				     struct snd_rawmidi_status64 *status)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	memset(status, 0, sizeof(*status));
+	status->stream = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT;
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	status->avail = runtime->avail;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_input_status(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				    struct snd_rawmidi_status64 *status)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	memset(status, 0, sizeof(*status));
+	status->stream = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT;
+	spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	status->avail = runtime->avail;
+	status->xruns = runtime->xruns;
+	runtime->xruns = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_ioctl_status32(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile,
+				      struct snd_rawmidi_status32 __user *argp)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_status32 __user *status = argp;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_status32 status32;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_status64 status64;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&status32, argp,
+			   sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_status32)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	switch (status32.stream) {
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+		if (rfile->output == NULL)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		err = snd_rawmidi_output_status(rfile->output, &status64);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT:
+		if (rfile->input == NULL)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		err = snd_rawmidi_input_status(rfile->input, &status64);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	status32 = (struct snd_rawmidi_status32) {
+		.stream = status64.stream,
+		.tstamp_sec = status64.tstamp_sec,
+		.tstamp_nsec = status64.tstamp_nsec,
+		.avail = status64.avail,
+		.xruns = status64.xruns,
+	};
+
+	if (copy_to_user(status, &status32, sizeof(*status)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_ioctl_status64(struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile,
+				      struct snd_rawmidi_status64 __user *argp)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_status64 status;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&status, argp, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_status64)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	switch (status.stream) {
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+		if (rfile->output == NULL)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		err = snd_rawmidi_output_status(rfile->output, &status);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT:
+		if (rfile->input == NULL)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		err = snd_rawmidi_input_status(rfile->input, &status);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (copy_to_user(argp, &status,
+			 sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_status64)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static long snd_rawmidi_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
+	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
+
+	rfile = file->private_data;
+	if (((cmd >> 8) & 0xff) != 'W')
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_PVERSION:
+		return put_user(SNDRV_RAWMIDI_VERSION, (int __user *)argp) ? -EFAULT : 0;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_INFO:
+	{
+		int stream;
+		struct snd_rawmidi_info __user *info = argp;
+
+		if (get_user(stream, &info->stream))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		switch (stream) {
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT:
+			return snd_rawmidi_info_user(rfile->input, info);
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+			return snd_rawmidi_info_user(rfile->output, info);
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_USER_PVERSION:
+		if (get_user(rfile->user_pversion, (unsigned int __user *)arg))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		return 0;
+
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_PARAMS:
+	{
+		struct snd_rawmidi_params params;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&params, argp, sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_params)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (rfile->user_pversion < SNDRV_PROTOCOL_VERSION(2, 0, 2)) {
+			params.mode = 0;
+			memset(params.reserved, 0, sizeof(params.reserved));
+		}
+		switch (params.stream) {
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+			if (rfile->output == NULL)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			return snd_rawmidi_output_params(rfile->output, &params);
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT:
+			if (rfile->input == NULL)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			return snd_rawmidi_input_params(rfile->input, &params);
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_STATUS32:
+		return snd_rawmidi_ioctl_status32(rfile, argp);
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_STATUS64:
+		return snd_rawmidi_ioctl_status64(rfile, argp);
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_DROP:
+	{
+		int val;
+
+		if (get_user(val, (int __user *) argp))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		switch (val) {
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+			if (rfile->output == NULL)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			return snd_rawmidi_drop_output(rfile->output);
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_IOCTL_DRAIN:
+	{
+		int val;
+
+		if (get_user(val, (int __user *) argp))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		switch (val) {
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT:
+			if (rfile->output == NULL)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			return snd_rawmidi_drain_output(rfile->output);
+		case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT:
+			if (rfile->input == NULL)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			return snd_rawmidi_drain_input(rfile->input);
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	default:
+		rmidi_dbg(rfile->rmidi,
+			  "rawmidi: unknown command = 0x%x\n", cmd);
+	}
+	return -ENOTTY;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl(struct snd_card *card,
+				     struct snd_ctl_file *control,
+				     unsigned int cmd,
+				     unsigned long arg)
+{
+	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_RAWMIDI_NEXT_DEVICE:
+	{
+		int device;
+
+		if (get_user(device, (int __user *)argp))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (device >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES) /* next device is -1 */
+			device = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES - 1;
+		mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+		device = device < 0 ? 0 : device + 1;
+		while (device < SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES) {
+			if (snd_rawmidi_search(card, device))
+				break;
+			device++;
+		}
+		if (device == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES)
+			device = -1;
+		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+		if (put_user(device, (int __user *)argp))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_RAWMIDI_PREFER_SUBDEVICE:
+	{
+		int val;
+
+		if (get_user(val, (int __user *)argp))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		control->preferred_subdevice[SND_CTL_SUBDEV_RAWMIDI] = val;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_RAWMIDI_INFO:
+		return snd_rawmidi_info_select_user(card, argp);
+	}
+	return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
+}
+
+static int receive_with_tstamp_framing(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			const unsigned char *buffer, int src_count, const struct timespec64 *tstamp)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp *dest_ptr;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp frame = { .tv_sec = tstamp->tv_sec, .tv_nsec = tstamp->tv_nsec };
+	int dest_frames = 0;
+	int orig_count = src_count;
+	int frame_size = sizeof(struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp);
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(frame_size != 0x20);
+	if (snd_BUG_ON((runtime->hw_ptr & 0x1f) != 0))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	while (src_count > 0) {
+		if ((int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail) < frame_size) {
+			runtime->xruns += src_count;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (src_count >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH)
+			frame.length = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH;
+		else {
+			frame.length = src_count;
+			memset(frame.data, 0, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_FRAMING_DATA_LENGTH);
+		}
+		memcpy(frame.data, buffer, frame.length);
+		buffer += frame.length;
+		src_count -= frame.length;
+		dest_ptr = (struct snd_rawmidi_framing_tstamp *) (runtime->buffer + runtime->hw_ptr);
+		*dest_ptr = frame;
+		runtime->avail += frame_size;
+		runtime->hw_ptr += frame_size;
+		runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+		dest_frames++;
+	}
+	return orig_count - src_count;
+}
+
+static struct timespec64 get_framing_tstamp(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct timespec64 ts64 = {0, 0};
+
+	switch (substream->clock_type) {
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW:
+		ktime_get_raw_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
+		ktime_get_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_REALTIME:
+		ktime_get_real_ts64(&ts64);
+		break;
+	}
+	return ts64;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_receive - receive the input data from the device
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @buffer: the buffer pointer
+ * @count: the data size to read
+ *
+ * Reads the data from the internal buffer.
+ *
+ * Return: The size of read data, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_receive(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			const unsigned char *buffer, int count)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct timespec64 ts64 = get_framing_tstamp(substream);
+	int result = 0, count1;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (!substream->opened) {
+		result = -EBADFD;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!runtime || !runtime->buffer) {
+		rmidi_dbg(substream->rmidi,
+			  "snd_rawmidi_receive: input is not active!!!\n");
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	if (substream->framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP) {
+		result = receive_with_tstamp_framing(substream, buffer, count, &ts64);
+	} else if (count == 1) {	/* special case, faster code */
+		substream->bytes++;
+		if (runtime->avail < runtime->buffer_size) {
+			runtime->buffer[runtime->hw_ptr++] = buffer[0];
+			runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+			runtime->avail++;
+			result++;
+		} else {
+			runtime->xruns++;
+		}
+	} else {
+		substream->bytes += count;
+		count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->hw_ptr;
+		if (count1 > count)
+			count1 = count;
+		if (count1 > (int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail))
+			count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail;
+		memcpy(runtime->buffer + runtime->hw_ptr, buffer, count1);
+		runtime->hw_ptr += count1;
+		runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+		runtime->avail += count1;
+		count -= count1;
+		result += count1;
+		if (count > 0) {
+			buffer += count1;
+			count1 = count;
+			if (count1 > (int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail)) {
+				count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail;
+				runtime->xruns += count - count1;
+			}
+			if (count1 > 0) {
+				memcpy(runtime->buffer, buffer, count1);
+				runtime->hw_ptr = count1;
+				runtime->avail += count1;
+				result += count1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (result > 0) {
+		if (runtime->event)
+			schedule_work(&runtime->event_work);
+		else if (__snd_rawmidi_ready(runtime))
+			wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+	}
+ unlock:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_receive);
+
+static long snd_rawmidi_kernel_read1(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				     unsigned char __user *userbuf,
+				     unsigned char *kernelbuf, long count)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	long result = 0, count1;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned long appl_ptr;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref(runtime);
+	while (count > 0 && runtime->avail) {
+		count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->appl_ptr;
+		if (count1 > count)
+			count1 = count;
+		if (count1 > (int)runtime->avail)
+			count1 = runtime->avail;
+
+		/* update runtime->appl_ptr before unlocking for userbuf */
+		appl_ptr = runtime->appl_ptr;
+		runtime->appl_ptr += count1;
+		runtime->appl_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+		runtime->avail -= count1;
+
+		if (kernelbuf)
+			memcpy(kernelbuf + result, runtime->buffer + appl_ptr, count1);
+		if (userbuf) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+			if (copy_to_user(userbuf + result,
+					 runtime->buffer + appl_ptr, count1))
+				err = -EFAULT;
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+		}
+		result += count1;
+		count -= count1;
+	}
+ out:
+	snd_rawmidi_buffer_unref(runtime);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result > 0 ? result : err;
+}
+
+long snd_rawmidi_kernel_read(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			     unsigned char *buf, long count)
+{
+	snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(substream, 1);
+	return snd_rawmidi_kernel_read1(substream, NULL/*userbuf*/, buf, count);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_kernel_read);
+
+static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
+				loff_t *offset)
+{
+	long result;
+	int count1;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+
+	rfile = file->private_data;
+	substream = rfile->input;
+	if (substream == NULL)
+		return -EIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(substream, 1);
+	result = 0;
+	while (count > 0) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		while (!__snd_rawmidi_ready(runtime)) {
+			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
+			if ((file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) != 0 || result > 0) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				return result > 0 ? result : -EAGAIN;
+			}
+			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+			spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			schedule();
+			remove_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			if (rfile->rmidi->card->shutdown)
+				return -ENODEV;
+			if (signal_pending(current))
+				return result > 0 ? result : -ERESTARTSYS;
+			spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			if (!runtime->avail) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				return result > 0 ? result : -EIO;
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		count1 = snd_rawmidi_kernel_read1(substream,
+						  (unsigned char __user *)buf,
+						  NULL/*kernelbuf*/,
+						  count);
+		if (count1 < 0)
+			return result > 0 ? result : count1;
+		result += count1;
+		buf += count1;
+		count -= count1;
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty - check whether the output buffer is empty
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ *
+ * Return: 1 if the internal output buffer is empty, 0 if not.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!substream->opened || !runtime || !runtime->buffer) {
+		rmidi_dbg(substream->rmidi,
+			  "snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty: output is not active!!!\n");
+		result = 1;
+	} else {
+		result = runtime->avail >= runtime->buffer_size;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty);
+
+/*
+ * __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek - copy data from the internal buffer
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @buffer: the buffer pointer
+ * @count: data size to transfer
+ *
+ * This is a variant of snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek() without spinlock.
+ */
+static int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				       unsigned char *buffer, int count)
+{
+	int result, count1;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (runtime->buffer == NULL) {
+		rmidi_dbg(substream->rmidi,
+			  "snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek: output is not active!!!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	result = 0;
+	if (runtime->avail >= runtime->buffer_size) {
+		/* warning: lowlevel layer MUST trigger down the hardware */
+		goto __skip;
+	}
+	if (count == 1) {	/* special case, faster code */
+		*buffer = runtime->buffer[runtime->hw_ptr];
+		result++;
+	} else {
+		count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->hw_ptr;
+		if (count1 > count)
+			count1 = count;
+		if (count1 > (int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail))
+			count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail;
+		memcpy(buffer, runtime->buffer + runtime->hw_ptr, count1);
+		count -= count1;
+		result += count1;
+		if (count > 0) {
+			if (count > (int)(runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail - count1))
+				count = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail - count1;
+			memcpy(buffer + count1, runtime->buffer, count);
+			result += count;
+		}
+	}
+      __skip:
+	return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek - copy data from the internal buffer
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @buffer: the buffer pointer
+ * @count: data size to transfer
+ *
+ * Copies data from the internal output buffer to the given buffer.
+ *
+ * Call this in the interrupt handler when the midi output is ready,
+ * and call snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack() after the transmission is
+ * finished.
+ *
+ * Return: The size of copied data, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      unsigned char *buffer, int count)
+{
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (!substream->opened || !substream->runtime)
+		result = -EBADFD;
+	else
+		result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buffer, count);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek);
+
+/*
+ * __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack - acknowledge the transmission
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @count: the transferred count
+ *
+ * This is a variant of __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack() without spinlock.
+ */
+static int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				      int count)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (runtime->buffer == NULL) {
+		rmidi_dbg(substream->rmidi,
+			  "snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack: output is not active!!!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	snd_BUG_ON(runtime->avail + count > runtime->buffer_size);
+	runtime->hw_ptr += count;
+	runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+	runtime->avail += count;
+	substream->bytes += count;
+	if (count > 0) {
+		if (runtime->drain || __snd_rawmidi_ready(runtime))
+			wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack - acknowledge the transmission
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @count: the transferred count
+ *
+ * Advances the hardware pointer for the internal output buffer with
+ * the given size and updates the condition.
+ * Call after the transmission is finished.
+ *
+ * Return: The advanced size if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
+{
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (!substream->opened || !substream->runtime)
+		result = -EBADFD;
+	else
+		result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack);
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit - copy from the buffer to the device
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @buffer: the buffer pointer
+ * @count: the data size to transfer
+ *
+ * Copies data from the buffer to the device and advances the pointer.
+ *
+ * Return: The copied size if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			 unsigned char *buffer, int count)
+{
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (!substream->opened)
+		result = -EBADFD;
+	else {
+		count = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buffer, count);
+		if (count <= 0)
+			result = count;
+		else
+			result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit);
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_proceed - Discard the all pending bytes and proceed
+ * @substream: rawmidi substream
+ *
+ * Return: the number of discarded bytes
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_proceed(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int count = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (substream->opened && runtime &&
+	    runtime->avail < runtime->buffer_size) {
+		count = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->avail;
+		__snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	return count;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_proceed);
+
+static long snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+				      const unsigned char __user *userbuf,
+				      const unsigned char *kernelbuf,
+				      long count)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	long count1, result;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned long appl_ptr;
+
+	if (!kernelbuf && !userbuf)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!runtime->buffer))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	result = 0;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (substream->append) {
+		if ((long)runtime->avail < count) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_rawmidi_buffer_ref(runtime);
+	while (count > 0 && runtime->avail > 0) {
+		count1 = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->appl_ptr;
+		if (count1 > count)
+			count1 = count;
+		if (count1 > (long)runtime->avail)
+			count1 = runtime->avail;
+
+		/* update runtime->appl_ptr before unlocking for userbuf */
+		appl_ptr = runtime->appl_ptr;
+		runtime->appl_ptr += count1;
+		runtime->appl_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
+		runtime->avail -= count1;
+
+		if (kernelbuf)
+			memcpy(runtime->buffer + appl_ptr,
+			       kernelbuf + result, count1);
+		else if (userbuf) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+			if (copy_from_user(runtime->buffer + appl_ptr,
+					   userbuf + result, count1)) {
+				spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+				result = result > 0 ? result : -EFAULT;
+				goto __end;
+			}
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->lock, flags);
+		}
+		result += count1;
+		count -= count1;
+	}
+      __end:
+	count1 = runtime->avail < runtime->buffer_size;
+	snd_rawmidi_buffer_unref(runtime);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->lock, flags);
+	if (count1)
+		snd_rawmidi_output_trigger(substream, 1);
+	return result;
+}
+
+long snd_rawmidi_kernel_write(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      const unsigned char *buf, long count)
+{
+	return snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(substream, NULL, buf, count);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_kernel_write);
+
+static ssize_t snd_rawmidi_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
+				 size_t count, loff_t *offset)
+{
+	long result, timeout;
+	int count1;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+
+	rfile = file->private_data;
+	substream = rfile->output;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	/* we cannot put an atomic message to our buffer */
+	if (substream->append && count > runtime->buffer_size)
+		return -EIO;
+	result = 0;
+	while (count > 0) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		while (!snd_rawmidi_ready_append(substream, count)) {
+			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
+			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				return result > 0 ? result : -EAGAIN;
+			}
+			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+			spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			timeout = schedule_timeout(30 * HZ);
+			remove_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			if (rfile->rmidi->card->shutdown)
+				return -ENODEV;
+			if (signal_pending(current))
+				return result > 0 ? result : -ERESTARTSYS;
+			spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			if (!runtime->avail && !timeout) {
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				return result > 0 ? result : -EIO;
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		count1 = snd_rawmidi_kernel_write1(substream, buf, NULL, count);
+		if (count1 < 0)
+			return result > 0 ? result : count1;
+		result += count1;
+		buf += count1;
+		if ((size_t)count1 < count && (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))
+			break;
+		count -= count1;
+	}
+	if (file->f_flags & O_DSYNC) {
+		spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		while (runtime->avail != runtime->buffer_size) {
+			wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+			unsigned int last_avail = runtime->avail;
+
+			init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+			add_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+			spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+			timeout = schedule_timeout(30 * HZ);
+			remove_wait_queue(&runtime->sleep, &wait);
+			if (signal_pending(current))
+				return result > 0 ? result : -ERESTARTSYS;
+			if (runtime->avail == last_avail && !timeout)
+				return result > 0 ? result : -EIO;
+			spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+static __poll_t snd_rawmidi_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_file *rfile;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+	__poll_t mask;
+
+	rfile = file->private_data;
+	if (rfile->input != NULL) {
+		runtime = rfile->input->runtime;
+		snd_rawmidi_input_trigger(rfile->input, 1);
+		poll_wait(file, &runtime->sleep, wait);
+	}
+	if (rfile->output != NULL) {
+		runtime = rfile->output->runtime;
+		poll_wait(file, &runtime->sleep, wait);
+	}
+	mask = 0;
+	if (rfile->input != NULL) {
+		if (snd_rawmidi_ready(rfile->input))
+			mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
+	}
+	if (rfile->output != NULL) {
+		if (snd_rawmidi_ready(rfile->output))
+			mask |= EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
+	}
+	return mask;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+#include "rawmidi_compat.c"
+#else
+#define snd_rawmidi_ioctl_compat	NULL
+#endif
+
+/*
+ */
+
+static void snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
+				       struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime;
+	unsigned long buffer_size, avail, xruns;
+	unsigned int clock_type;
+	static const char *clock_names[4] = { "none", "realtime", "monotonic", "monotonic raw" };
+
+	rmidi = entry->private_data;
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n\n", rmidi->name);
+	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	if (rmidi->info_flags & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT) {
+		list_for_each_entry(substream,
+				    &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT].substreams,
+				    list) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer,
+				    "Output %d\n"
+				    "  Tx bytes     : %lu\n",
+				    substream->number,
+				    (unsigned long) substream->bytes);
+			if (substream->opened) {
+				snd_iprintf(buffer,
+				    "  Owner PID    : %d\n",
+				    pid_vnr(substream->pid));
+				runtime = substream->runtime;
+				spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				buffer_size = runtime->buffer_size;
+				avail = runtime->avail;
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				snd_iprintf(buffer,
+				    "  Mode         : %s\n"
+				    "  Buffer size  : %lu\n"
+				    "  Avail        : %lu\n",
+				    runtime->oss ? "OSS compatible" : "native",
+				    buffer_size, avail);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (rmidi->info_flags & SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT) {
+		list_for_each_entry(substream,
+				    &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT].substreams,
+				    list) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer,
+				    "Input %d\n"
+				    "  Rx bytes     : %lu\n",
+				    substream->number,
+				    (unsigned long) substream->bytes);
+			if (substream->opened) {
+				snd_iprintf(buffer,
+					    "  Owner PID    : %d\n",
+					    pid_vnr(substream->pid));
+				runtime = substream->runtime;
+				spin_lock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				buffer_size = runtime->buffer_size;
+				avail = runtime->avail;
+				xruns = runtime->xruns;
+				spin_unlock_irq(&substream->lock);
+				snd_iprintf(buffer,
+					    "  Buffer size  : %lu\n"
+					    "  Avail        : %lu\n"
+					    "  Overruns     : %lu\n",
+					    buffer_size, avail, xruns);
+				if (substream->framing == SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_FRAMING_TSTAMP) {
+					clock_type = substream->clock_type >> SNDRV_RAWMIDI_MODE_CLOCK_SHIFT;
+					if (!snd_BUG_ON(clock_type >= ARRAY_SIZE(clock_names)))
+						snd_iprintf(buffer,
+							    "  Framing      : tstamp\n"
+							    "  Clock type   : %s\n",
+							    clock_names[clock_type]);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Register functions
+ */
+
+static const struct file_operations snd_rawmidi_f_ops = {
+	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
+	.read =		snd_rawmidi_read,
+	.write =	snd_rawmidi_write,
+	.open =		snd_rawmidi_open,
+	.release =	snd_rawmidi_release,
+	.llseek =	no_llseek,
+	.poll =		snd_rawmidi_poll,
+	.unlocked_ioctl =	snd_rawmidi_ioctl,
+	.compat_ioctl =	snd_rawmidi_ioctl_compat,
+};
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi,
+					struct snd_rawmidi_str *stream,
+					int direction,
+					int count)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+	int idx;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {
+		substream = kzalloc(sizeof(*substream), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!substream)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		substream->stream = direction;
+		substream->number = idx;
+		substream->rmidi = rmidi;
+		substream->pstr = stream;
+		spin_lock_init(&substream->lock);
+		list_add_tail(&substream->list, &stream->substreams);
+		stream->substream_count++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void release_rawmidi_device(struct device *dev)
+{
+	kfree(container_of(dev, struct snd_rawmidi, dev));
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_new - create a rawmidi instance
+ * @card: the card instance
+ * @id: the id string
+ * @device: the device index
+ * @output_count: the number of output streams
+ * @input_count: the number of input streams
+ * @rrawmidi: the pointer to store the new rawmidi instance
+ *
+ * Creates a new rawmidi instance.
+ * Use snd_rawmidi_set_ops() to set the operators to the new instance.
+ *
+ * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_new(struct snd_card *card, char *id, int device,
+		    int output_count, int input_count,
+		    struct snd_rawmidi **rrawmidi)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err;
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free = snd_rawmidi_dev_free,
+		.dev_register = snd_rawmidi_dev_register,
+		.dev_disconnect = snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect,
+	};
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (rrawmidi)
+		*rrawmidi = NULL;
+	rmidi = kzalloc(sizeof(*rmidi), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!rmidi)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	rmidi->card = card;
+	rmidi->device = device;
+	mutex_init(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&rmidi->open_wait);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT].substreams);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT].substreams);
+
+	if (id != NULL)
+		strscpy(rmidi->id, id, sizeof(rmidi->id));
+
+	snd_device_initialize(&rmidi->dev, card);
+	rmidi->dev.release = release_rawmidi_device;
+	dev_set_name(&rmidi->dev, "midiC%iD%i", card->number, device);
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
+					   &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT],
+					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
+					   input_count);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_rawmidi_alloc_substreams(rmidi,
+					   &rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT],
+					   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
+					   output_count);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_RAWMIDI, rmidi, &ops);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	if (rrawmidi)
+		*rrawmidi = rmidi;
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_new);
+
+static void snd_rawmidi_free_substreams(struct snd_rawmidi_str *stream)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+
+	while (!list_empty(&stream->substreams)) {
+		substream = list_entry(stream->substreams.next, struct snd_rawmidi_substream, list);
+		list_del(&substream->list);
+		kfree(substream);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)
+{
+	if (!rmidi)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_info_free_entry(rmidi->proc_entry);
+	rmidi->proc_entry = NULL;
+	if (rmidi->ops && rmidi->ops->dev_unregister)
+		rmidi->ops->dev_unregister(rmidi);
+
+	snd_rawmidi_free_substreams(&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT]);
+	snd_rawmidi_free_substreams(&rmidi->streams[SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT]);
+	if (rmidi->private_free)
+		rmidi->private_free(rmidi);
+	put_device(&rmidi->dev);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->device_data;
+
+	return snd_rawmidi_free(rmidi);
+}
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER)
+static void snd_rawmidi_dev_seq_free(struct snd_seq_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->private_data;
+
+	rmidi->seq_dev = NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+	char name[16];
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->device_data;
+
+	if (rmidi->device >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = 0;
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	if (snd_rawmidi_search(rmidi->card, rmidi->device))
+		err = -EBUSY;
+	else
+		list_add_tail(&rmidi->list, &snd_rawmidi_devices);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_register_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_RAWMIDI,
+				  rmidi->card, rmidi->device,
+				  &snd_rawmidi_f_ops, rmidi, &rmidi->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		rmidi_err(rmidi, "unable to register\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+	if (rmidi->ops && rmidi->ops->dev_register) {
+		err = rmidi->ops->dev_register(rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto error_unregister;
+	}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+	rmidi->ossreg = 0;
+	if ((int)rmidi->device == midi_map[rmidi->card->number]) {
+		if (snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIDI,
+					    rmidi->card, 0, &snd_rawmidi_f_ops,
+					    rmidi) < 0) {
+			rmidi_err(rmidi,
+				  "unable to register OSS rawmidi device %i:%i\n",
+				  rmidi->card->number, 0);
+		} else {
+			rmidi->ossreg++;
+#ifdef SNDRV_OSS_INFO_DEV_MIDI
+			snd_oss_info_register(SNDRV_OSS_INFO_DEV_MIDI, rmidi->card->number, rmidi->name);
+#endif
+		}
+	}
+	if ((int)rmidi->device == amidi_map[rmidi->card->number]) {
+		if (snd_register_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIDI,
+					    rmidi->card, 1, &snd_rawmidi_f_ops,
+					    rmidi) < 0) {
+			rmidi_err(rmidi,
+				  "unable to register OSS rawmidi device %i:%i\n",
+				  rmidi->card->number, 1);
+		} else {
+			rmidi->ossreg++;
+		}
+	}
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL */
+	sprintf(name, "midi%d", rmidi->device);
+	entry = snd_info_create_card_entry(rmidi->card, name, rmidi->card->proc_root);
+	if (entry) {
+		entry->private_data = rmidi;
+		entry->c.text.read = snd_rawmidi_proc_info_read;
+		if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0) {
+			snd_info_free_entry(entry);
+			entry = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	rmidi->proc_entry = entry;
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER)
+	if (!rmidi->ops || !rmidi->ops->dev_register) { /* own registration mechanism */
+		if (snd_seq_device_new(rmidi->card, rmidi->device, SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_MIDISYNTH, 0, &rmidi->seq_dev) >= 0) {
+			rmidi->seq_dev->private_data = rmidi;
+			rmidi->seq_dev->private_free = snd_rawmidi_dev_seq_free;
+			sprintf(rmidi->seq_dev->name, "MIDI %d-%d", rmidi->card->number, rmidi->device);
+			snd_device_register(rmidi->card, rmidi->seq_dev);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	return 0;
+
+ error_unregister:
+	snd_unregister_device(&rmidi->dev);
+ error:
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	list_del(&rmidi->list);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi = device->device_data;
+	int dir;
+
+	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
+	mutex_lock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	wake_up(&rmidi->open_wait);
+	list_del_init(&rmidi->list);
+	for (dir = 0; dir < 2; dir++) {
+		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *s;
+
+		list_for_each_entry(s, &rmidi->streams[dir].substreams, list) {
+			if (s->runtime)
+				wake_up(&s->runtime->sleep);
+		}
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+	if (rmidi->ossreg) {
+		if ((int)rmidi->device == midi_map[rmidi->card->number]) {
+			snd_unregister_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIDI, rmidi->card, 0);
+#ifdef SNDRV_OSS_INFO_DEV_MIDI
+			snd_oss_info_unregister(SNDRV_OSS_INFO_DEV_MIDI, rmidi->card->number);
+#endif
+		}
+		if ((int)rmidi->device == amidi_map[rmidi->card->number])
+			snd_unregister_oss_device(SNDRV_OSS_DEVICE_TYPE_MIDI, rmidi->card, 1);
+		rmidi->ossreg = 0;
+	}
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL */
+	snd_unregister_device(&rmidi->dev);
+	mutex_unlock(&rmidi->open_mutex);
+	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_set_ops - set the rawmidi operators
+ * @rmidi: the rawmidi instance
+ * @stream: the stream direction, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_XXX
+ * @ops: the operator table
+ *
+ * Sets the rawmidi operators for the given stream direction.
+ */
+void snd_rawmidi_set_ops(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int stream,
+			 const struct snd_rawmidi_ops *ops)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(substream, &rmidi->streams[stream].substreams, list)
+		substream->ops = ops;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_set_ops);
+
+/*
+ *  ENTRY functions
+ */
+
+static int __init alsa_rawmidi_init(void)
+{
+
+	snd_ctl_register_ioctl(snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl);
+	snd_ctl_register_ioctl_compat(snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
+	{ int i;
+	/* check device map table */
+	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++) {
+		if (midi_map[i] < 0 || midi_map[i] >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES) {
+			pr_err("ALSA: rawmidi: invalid midi_map[%d] = %d\n",
+			       i, midi_map[i]);
+			midi_map[i] = 0;
+		}
+		if (amidi_map[i] < 0 || amidi_map[i] >= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_DEVICES) {
+			pr_err("ALSA: rawmidi: invalid amidi_map[%d] = %d\n",
+			       i, amidi_map[i]);
+			amidi_map[i] = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	}
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_rawmidi_exit(void)
+{
+	snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl(snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl);
+	snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl_compat(snd_rawmidi_control_ioctl);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_rawmidi_init)
+module_exit(alsa_rawmidi_exit)