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diff --git a/l10n-cs/suite/chrome/common/help/privacy_help.xhtml b/l10n-cs/suite/chrome/common/help/privacy_help.xhtml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a09f83395d --- /dev/null +++ b/l10n-cs/suite/chrome/common/help/privacy_help.xhtml @@ -0,0 +1,343 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> +<!-- This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public + - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this + - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. --> + + +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"[ + <!ENTITY % brandDTD SYSTEM "chrome://branding/locale/brand.dtd" > + %brandDTD; +]> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<title>Privacy on the Internet</title> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="helpFileLayout.css" + type="text/css"/> +</head> +<body> + +<h1 id="using_privacy_features">Using Privacy Features</h1> + +<p>Your browser includes features you can use to enhance the privacy and + security of your personal information. The sections that follow describe how + your browser can help you control cookies, passwords, and images while you + are surfing the Internet.</p> + +<p>For information about related &brandShortName; security features, see + <a href="mailnews_security.xhtml">Signing & Encrypting Messages</a> and + <a href="using_certs_help.xhtml">Using Certificates</a>.</p> + +<div class="contentsBox">Privacy topics: + <ul> + <li><a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Privacy on the Internet</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#using_the_cookie_manager">Using the + Cookie Manager</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#using_the_password_manager">Using the + Password Manager</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#clearing_private_data">Clearing Private + Data</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#browsing_in_a_private_window">Browsing + in a Private Window</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#encrypting_stored_sensitive_information">Encrypting + Stored Sensitive Information</a></li> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#managing_images">Managing Images</a></li> + <li><a href="cs_priv_prefs_popup.xhtml#controlling_popups">Controlling Popups</a></li> + <li><a href="privsec_help.xhtml">Privacy & Security Preferences</a></li> + </ul> +</div> + +<h1 id="privacy_on_the_internet">Privacy on the Internet</h1> + +<p>This section summarizes some background information about privacy on the + Internet. It also describes several things you can do to help safeguard your + own privacy. It is not intended to provide a complete description of Internet + privacy issues.</p> + +<div class="contentsBox">In this section: + <ul> + <li><a href="#what_information_does_my_browser_give_to_a_website">What + Information Does My Browser Give to a Website?</a></li> + <li><a href="#what_are_cookies_and_how_do_they_work">What Are Cookies, and + How Do They Work?</a></li> + <li><a href="#why_and_how_are_websites_tracking_me">Why and How Are + Websites Tracking Me?</a></li> + <li><a href="#how_can_i_control_web_pages_in_email_messages">How Can I + Control Web Pages in Email Messages?</a></li> + <li><a href="#how_can_i_make_sure_unauthorized_people_dont_use_information_about_me">How + Can I Make Sure Unauthorized People Don't Use Information About + Me?</a></li> + </ul> +</div> + +<h2 id="what_information_does_my_browser_give_to_a_website">What Information + Does My Browser Give to a Website?</h2> + +<p>When your browser displays a web page—for example, each time you click + a link or type a URL, or when a web page is displayed in an email + message—it gives certain kinds of information to the website. This + information may include (but is not limited to) your operating environment, + your Internet address, and the page you're coming from.</p> + +<h3>Operating Environment</h3> + +<p>The website is told something about your operating environment, such as your + browser type and operating system. This helps the website present the page in + the best way for your screen. For example, the website might learn that you + use &brandShortName; 2.19 on a Windows 7 computer.</p> + +<h3 id="internet_address">Internet Address</h3> + +<p>Your browser must tell the website your Internet address (also known as the + Internet Protocol, or IP address) so the website knows where to send the page + you are requesting. The website can't present the page you want to see + unless it knows your IP address.</p> + +<p>Your IP address can be either temporary or fixed (static).</p> + +<p>If you connect to the Internet through a standard modem that's attached + to your phone line, then your Internet service provider (ISP) may assign you + a temporary IP address each time you log on. You use the temporary IP address + for the duration of your Internet session—for example, until you sign + off or hang up your dial-up connection, or otherwise end your computer's + live connection with the Internet. Each ISP has many IP addresses, and they + assign the addresses at random to users.</p> + +<p>If you have DSL, a cable modem, or a fiber-optic connection, you may have a + fixed IP address that you use every time you connect.</p> + +<p>Your IP address is not the same as your email address.</p> + +<h3>Referring Page</h3> + +<p>The website is also told which page you were reading when you clicked a link + to see one of the website's pages. This allows the website to know which + website referred you. Or, as you traverse the website, it allows the website + to know which of its pages you came from.</p> + +<p>[<a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Return to beginning of section</a>]</p> + +<h2 id="what_are_cookies_and_how_do_they_work">What Are Cookies, and How Do + They Work?</h2> + +<p>A cookie is a small bit of information used by some websites. When you + visit a website that uses cookies, the website might ask your browser to place + one or more cookies on your hard disk.</p> + +<p>Later, when you return to the website, your browser sends back the cookies + that belong to the website.</p> + +<p>When you are using the default cookie settings, this activity is invisible + to you, and you won't know when a website is setting a cookie or when + your browser is sending a website's cookie back. However, you can set + your preferences so that you will be asked before a cookie is set. For + information on how to do this, see + <a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#cookies">Privacy & Security Preferences - + Cookies</a>.</p> + +<h3>How Do Websites Use Cookie Information?</h3> + +<p>Cookies allow a website to know something about your previous visits. For + example, if you typically search for local weather or purchase books at a + website, the website may use cookies to remember what city you live in or what + authors you like, so it can make your next visit easier and more useful.</p> + +<p>Some websites publish privacy policies that describe how they use the + information they gather.</p> + +<h3 id="what_are_third-party_cookies">What Are Third-Party Cookies?</h3> + +<p>If your browser stores a website's cookie, it will return the cookie + only to that particular website. Your browser will not provide one website + with cookies set by another. Since a website can only receive its own cookies, + it can learn about your activities while you are at that website but not your + activities in general while surfing the Web.</p> + +<p>But sometimes a website displays content that is hosted on another website. + That content can be anything from an image to text or an advertisement. + The other website that hosts such elements also has the ability to store a + cookie in your browser, even though you don't visit the website directly. +</p> + +<p>Cookies that are stored by a website other than the one you are visiting are + called <strong>third-party cookies</strong> or <strong>foreign + cookies</strong>. Websites sometimes use third-party cookies with + <strong>transparent GIFs</strong>, which are special images that help websites + count users, track email responses, learn more about how visitors use the + website, or customize your browsing experience. (Transparent GIFs are also + known as web beacons or web bugs.)</p> + +<p>If you want, you can <a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#cookies">adjust your + cookie preferences</a> so that websites can store ordinary cookies but not + third-party ones, or only for those sites that you have previously visited. +</p> + +<p>[<a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Return to beginning of section</a>]</p> + +<h2 id="why_and_how_are_websites_tracking_me">Why and How Are Websites + Tracking Me?</h2> + +<p>Websites are frequently interested in how they are used and by whom. + Thus, they may perform analytics on your browsing behavior, either by + themselves, or by utilizing a third-party service.</p> + +<p>Motivations for such user tracking may be a more personalized browsing + experience, e.g., by offering you services or products corresponding to your + previous browsing pattern, thus making it more likely that you are interested + in those. Third-party services are mostly interested in placing advertisements + that match your interests, thus making it more likely that you would click on + those ads, which in turn generates revenue.</p> + +<p>Of course, this list isn't all inclusive, other reasons may exist to + track the user's browsing behavior. To summarize, the trade-off is:</p> + +<ul> + <li><strong>Pros</strong>: Tracking of the user's browsing activity + allows the website to provide a more specific browsing experience, by + analyzing and matching your interests. You may even get offers you + wouldn't receive without prior knowledge of your usage pattern.</li> + <li><strong>Cons</strong>: In most cases, especially with third-party + tracking services, the information is gathered without the user's + consent, and its usage is not transparent. Comprehensive user profiling + across websites and over long periods of time may be considered intrusive + and a questionable practice violating the user's privacy.</li> +</ul> + +<h3>What Are the Mechanisms of User Tracking?</h3> + +<p>There isn't any single tracking mechanism, rather several methods + exist. For example, a website may employ one or more of these methods:</p> + +<ul> + <li><a href="#what_are_cookies_and_how_do_they_work">Cookies</a>: This is + the most direct form of user tracking. When visiting a website for the + first time, a random but unique identifier is created by that site and + stored as a cookie in &brandShortName;. When returning to the website, + this cookie associates you with any previous visit to that site. This is + especially effective for third-party tracking given that such a service + can collect data from multiple websites they have contracts with based on + just a single tracking cookie.</li> + <li><a href="#internet_address">Internet Address</a>: The IP address + identifies your location on your provider's network. It may also + serve as a reference to your geographical location. Even without cookies, + multiple accesses to one or more websites from the same location can be + associated with each other in this way.</li> + <li><a href="privsec_help.xhtml#location_aware_browsing">Geolocation</a>: + Much more detailed information about the user's location can be + obtained with location aware browsing services. Based on additional + information gathered by the browser, such as wireless access points, + a user's position and (in certain situations) heading and speed can + be determined and used by the website to track the user.</li> + <li><a href="#what_information_does_my_browser_give_to_a_website">Browser + Fingerprinting</a>: This method attempts to identify specific users based + on the characteristics of the browser that they are using. Such + characteristics include browser type and version, platform used, language + preferences, and possibly installed plugins or add-ons.</li> +</ul> + +<h3>What Can I Do to Prevent User Tracking?</h3> + +<p>In general, there is no complete protection against unwanted tracking of + one's browsing activities. However, there are a couple of ways to make + it harder to get tracked:</p> + +<ul> + <li><a href="privsec_help.xhtml#privacy_and_security">Do Not Track</a>: + This is a method that allows users to explicitly opt out of their + browsing behavior being tracked. &brandShortName; supports sending + <q>Do Not Track</q> requests to websites, but they are <em>not</em> + obligated to honor such requests.</li> + <li><a href="privsec_help.xhtml#privacy_and_security">Site blocking</a>: + &brandShortName; can block content that has been identified as serving + the purpose of user tracking based on a list downloaded periodically + from a server. In this way, connections to such <em>known</em> tracking + sites can be prevented upfront.</li> + <!-- NOTE: link "Data Manager" below once bug 599097 has been fixed --> + <li><a href="privsec_help.xhtml#location_aware_browsing">Location Aware + Browsing</a>: Disabling geolocation services prevents a website from + obtaining location information beyond what can be derived from the IP + address of the access alone. Note though that this is always an opt-in + service, thus you will get a notification for each request unless you + gave a website permanent permission to use geolocation services.</li> + <!-- NOTE: link "Data Manager" below once bug 599097 has been fixed --> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#cookies">Cookies</a>: The power of + tracking cookies is their persistence across sessions. Thus, when you + restart &brandShortName;, the identifying cookie will still be sent to + the website performing the analytics. One measure against third-party + tracking is to prohibit third-party cookies altogether; another option is + the restriction of cookies to the current session only. Some websites may + no longer function correctly, but you can add exceptions to such sites in + the Data Manager or with the Cookie Manager options in the Tools menu.</li> + <li><a href="nav_help.xhtml#plugins">Plugins</a>: Obscure plugins make + browser fingerprinting easier. Thus, if you need such plugins for some + websites but not in general, disable them in the Add-ons Manager until + you need them, to avoid that they are disclosed to tracking sites.</li> + <li><a href="customize_help.xhtml#add-ons">Add-ons</a>: There is a variety + of extensions available for privacy & security support. Some of them + will block unwanted content from advertisers or tracking services, others + provide more control on private data collected by plugins (e.g., Flash + cookies), or when and how to run scripts or embedded content.</li> +</ul> + +<p><strong>Note</strong>: The issues related to user tracking are complex. + This description is not intended to be complete but to provide you with some + basic information on this topic.</p> + +<p>[<a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Return to beginning of section</a>]</p> + +<h2 id="how_can_i_control_web_pages_in_email_messages">How Can I Control Web + Pages in Email Messages?</h2> + +<p>You can disable cookies, images, and plugins completely (JavaScript is + always disabled) for web pages that are received as part of email + messages.</p> + +<p>While it may be convenient to enable some or all of these capabilities when + you're browsing the web, they may not be necessary in single web pages + sent as attachments to messages.</p> + +<p>For information on enabling or disabling cookies, images, and plugins in + email messages, see the following sections:</p> + +<ul> + <li><a href="using_priv_help.xhtml#cookies">Privacy & Security + Preferences - Cookies</a></li> + <li><a href="mailnews_preferences.xhtml#message_display">Mail & Newsgroups + Preferences - Message Display</a></li> + <li><a href="cs_nav_prefs_advanced.xhtml#scripts_and_plugins">Advanced + Preferences - Scripts & Plugins</a></li> +</ul> + +<p>[<a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Return to beginning of section</a>]</p> + +<h2 id="how_can_i_make_sure_unauthorized_people_dont_use_information_about_me">How + Can I Make Sure Unauthorized People Don't Use Information About Me?</h2> + +<p>The best way to keep your information private is to read the privacy + policies for the websites you visit and the Internet services you use, and + to be cautious about giving out your personal information online.</p> + +<p>The Internet is a public network. When you send your name, phone number, + address, and other personal information over the network (via a web page, + email, or any other method), it is possible that someone else may be able to + intercept it.</p> + +<p>Here are some questions you might ask about a website's privacy + policy:</p> + +<ul> + <li>What kinds of personal information is this website gathering?</li> + <li>How will the website use the information?</li> + <li>Will the website share the information with others and do I have choices + regarding the use of any shared information?</li> + <li>Can I access some or all of the information a website gathers about me, in + order to inspect or update it?</li> + <li>How does the website protect the information?</li> + <li>How do I contact the website if I have questions or problems?</li> +</ul> + +<p>[<a href="#privacy_on_the_internet">Return to beginning of section</a>]</p> + +</body> +</html> |