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diff --git a/testing/web-platform/tests/WebCryptoAPI/util/helpers.js b/testing/web-platform/tests/WebCryptoAPI/util/helpers.js
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+//
+// helpers.js
+//
+// Helper functions used by several WebCryptoAPI tests
+//
+
+var registeredAlgorithmNames = [
+    "RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5",
+    "RSA-PSS",
+    "RSA-OAEP",
+    "ECDSA",
+    "ECDH",
+    "AES-CTR",
+    "AES-CBC",
+    "AES-GCM",
+    "AES-KW",
+    "HMAC",
+    "SHA-1",
+    "SHA-256",
+    "SHA-384",
+    "SHA-512",
+    "HKDF-CTR",
+    "PBKDF2",
+    "Ed25519",
+    "Ed448",
+    "X25519",
+    "X448"
+];
+
+
+// Treats an array as a set, and generates an array of all non-empty
+// subsets (which are themselves arrays).
+//
+// The order of members of the "subsets" is not guaranteed.
+function allNonemptySubsetsOf(arr) {
+    var results = [];
+    var firstElement;
+    var remainingElements;
+
+    for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++) {
+        firstElement = arr[i];
+        remainingElements = arr.slice(i+1);
+        results.push([firstElement]);
+
+        if (remainingElements.length > 0) {
+            allNonemptySubsetsOf(remainingElements).forEach(function(combination) {
+                combination.push(firstElement);
+                results.push(combination);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    return results;
+}
+
+
+// Create a string representation of keyGeneration parameters for
+// test names and labels.
+function objectToString(obj) {
+    var keyValuePairs = [];
+
+    if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+        return "[" + obj.map(function(elem){return objectToString(elem);}).join(", ") + "]";
+    } else if (typeof obj === "object") {
+        Object.keys(obj).sort().forEach(function(keyName) {
+            keyValuePairs.push(keyName + ": " + objectToString(obj[keyName]));
+        });
+        return "{" + keyValuePairs.join(", ") + "}";
+    } else if (typeof obj === "undefined") {
+        return "undefined";
+    } else {
+        return obj.toString();
+    }
+
+    var keyValuePairs = [];
+
+    Object.keys(obj).sort().forEach(function(keyName) {
+        var value = obj[keyName];
+        if (typeof value === "object") {
+            value = objectToString(value);
+        } else if (typeof value === "array") {
+            value = "[" + value.map(function(elem){return objectToString(elem);}).join(", ") + "]";
+        } else {
+            value = value.toString();
+        }
+
+        keyValuePairs.push(keyName + ": " + value);
+    });
+
+    return "{" + keyValuePairs.join(", ") + "}";
+}
+
+// Is key a CryptoKey object with correct algorithm, extractable, and usages?
+// Is it a secret, private, or public kind of key?
+function assert_goodCryptoKey(key, algorithm, extractable, usages, kind) {
+    var correctUsages = [];
+
+    var registeredAlgorithmName;
+    registeredAlgorithmNames.forEach(function(name) {
+        if (name.toUpperCase() === algorithm.name.toUpperCase()) {
+            registeredAlgorithmName = name;
+        }
+    });
+
+    assert_equals(key.constructor, CryptoKey, "Is a CryptoKey");
+    assert_equals(key.type, kind, "Is a " + kind + " key");
+    if (key.type === "public") {
+        extractable = true; // public keys are always extractable
+    }
+    assert_equals(key.extractable, extractable, "Extractability is correct");
+
+    assert_equals(key.algorithm.name, registeredAlgorithmName, "Correct algorithm name");
+    if (key.algorithm.name.toUpperCase() === "HMAC" && algorithm.length === undefined) {
+        switch (key.algorithm.hash.name.toUpperCase()) {
+            case 'SHA-1':
+            case 'SHA-256':
+                assert_equals(key.algorithm.length, 512, "Correct length");
+                break;
+            case 'SHA-384':
+            case 'SHA-512':
+                assert_equals(key.algorithm.length, 1024, "Correct length");
+                break;
+            default:
+                assert_unreached("Unrecognized hash");
+        }
+    } else {
+        assert_equals(key.algorithm.length, algorithm.length, "Correct length");
+    }
+    if (["HMAC", "RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5", "RSA-PSS"].includes(registeredAlgorithmName)) {
+        assert_equals(key.algorithm.hash.name.toUpperCase(), algorithm.hash.toUpperCase(), "Correct hash function");
+    }
+
+    // usages is expected to be provided for a key pair, but we are checking
+    // only a single key. The publicKey and privateKey portions of a key pair
+    // recognize only some of the usages appropriate for a key pair.
+    if (key.type === "public") {
+        ["encrypt", "verify", "wrapKey"].forEach(function(usage) {
+            if (usages.includes(usage)) {
+                correctUsages.push(usage);
+            }
+        });
+    } else if (key.type === "private") {
+        ["decrypt", "sign", "unwrapKey", "deriveKey", "deriveBits"].forEach(function(usage) {
+            if (usages.includes(usage)) {
+                correctUsages.push(usage);
+            }
+        });
+    } else {
+        correctUsages = usages;
+    }
+
+    assert_equals((typeof key.usages), "object", key.type + " key.usages is an object");
+    assert_not_equals(key.usages, null, key.type + " key.usages isn't null");
+
+    // The usages parameter could have repeats, but the usages
+    // property of the result should not.
+    var usageCount = 0;
+    key.usages.forEach(function(usage) {
+        usageCount += 1;
+        assert_in_array(usage, correctUsages, "Has " + usage + " usage");
+    });
+    assert_equals(key.usages.length, usageCount, "usages property is correct");
+}
+
+
+// The algorithm parameter is an object with a name and other
+// properties. Given the name, generate all valid parameters.
+function allAlgorithmSpecifiersFor(algorithmName) {
+    var results = [];
+
+    // RSA key generation is slow. Test a minimal set of parameters
+    var hashes = ["SHA-1", "SHA-256"];
+
+    // EC key generation is a lot faster. Check all curves in the spec
+    var curves = ["P-256", "P-384", "P-521"];
+
+    if (algorithmName.toUpperCase().substring(0, 3) === "AES") {
+        // Specifier properties are name and length
+        [128, 192, 256].forEach(function(length) {
+            results.push({name: algorithmName, length: length});
+        });
+    } else if (algorithmName.toUpperCase() === "HMAC") {
+        [
+            {hash: "SHA-1", length: 160},
+            {hash: "SHA-256", length: 256},
+            {hash: "SHA-384", length: 384},
+            {hash: "SHA-512", length: 512},
+            {hash: "SHA-1"},
+            {hash: "SHA-256"},
+            {hash: "SHA-384"},
+            {hash: "SHA-512"},
+        ].forEach(function(hashAlgorithm) {
+            results.push({name: algorithmName, ...hashAlgorithm});
+        });
+    } else if (algorithmName.toUpperCase().substring(0, 3) === "RSA") {
+        hashes.forEach(function(hashName) {
+            results.push({name: algorithmName, hash: hashName, modulusLength: 2048, publicExponent: new Uint8Array([1,0,1])});
+        });
+    } else if (algorithmName.toUpperCase().substring(0, 2) === "EC") {
+        curves.forEach(function(curveName) {
+            results.push({name: algorithmName, namedCurve: curveName});
+        });
+    } else if (algorithmName.toUpperCase().substring(0, 1) === "X" || algorithmName.toUpperCase().substring(0, 2) === "ED") {
+        results.push({ name: algorithmName });
+    }
+
+    return results;
+}
+
+
+// Create every possible valid usages parameter, given legal
+// usages. Note that an empty usages parameter is not always valid.
+//
+// There is an optional parameter - mandatoryUsages. If provided,
+// it should be an array containing those usages of which one must be
+// included.
+function allValidUsages(validUsages, emptyIsValid, mandatoryUsages) {
+    if (typeof mandatoryUsages === "undefined") {
+        mandatoryUsages = [];
+    }
+
+    var okaySubsets = [];
+    allNonemptySubsetsOf(validUsages).forEach(function(subset) {
+        if (mandatoryUsages.length === 0) {
+            okaySubsets.push(subset);
+        } else {
+            for (var i=0; i<mandatoryUsages.length; i++) {
+                if (subset.includes(mandatoryUsages[i])) {
+                    okaySubsets.push(subset);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    if (emptyIsValid) {
+        okaySubsets.push([]);
+    }
+
+    okaySubsets.push(validUsages.concat(mandatoryUsages).concat(validUsages)); // Repeated values are allowed
+    return okaySubsets;
+}
+
+function unique(names) {
+    return [...new Set(names)];
+}
+
+// Algorithm name specifiers are case-insensitive. Generate several
+// case variations of a given name.
+function allNameVariants(name, slowTest) {
+    var upCaseName = name.toUpperCase();
+    var lowCaseName = name.toLowerCase();
+    var mixedCaseName = upCaseName.substring(0, 1) + lowCaseName.substring(1);
+
+    // for slow tests effectively cut the amount of work in third by only
+    // returning one variation
+    if (slowTest) return [mixedCaseName];
+    return unique([upCaseName, lowCaseName, mixedCaseName]);
+}