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+//! Connectors used by the `Client`.
+//!
+//! This module contains:
+//!
+//! - A default [`HttpConnector`][] that does DNS resolution and establishes
+//! connections over TCP.
+//! - Types to build custom connectors.
+//!
+//! # Connectors
+//!
+//! A "connector" is a [`Service`][] that takes a [`Uri`][] destination, and
+//! its `Response` is some type implementing [`AsyncRead`][], [`AsyncWrite`][],
+//! and [`Connection`][].
+//!
+//! ## Custom Connectors
+//!
+//! A simple connector that ignores the `Uri` destination and always returns
+//! a TCP connection to the same address could be written like this:
+//!
+//! ```rust,ignore
+//! let connector = tower::service_fn(|_dst| async {
+//! tokio::net::TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:1337")
+//! })
+//! ```
+//!
+//! Or, fully written out:
+//!
+//! ```
+//! # #[cfg(feature = "runtime")]
+//! # mod rt {
+//! use std::{future::Future, net::SocketAddr, pin::Pin, task::{self, Poll}};
+//! use hyper::{service::Service, Uri};
+//! use tokio::net::TcpStream;
+//!
+//! #[derive(Clone)]
+//! struct LocalConnector;
+//!
+//! impl Service<Uri> for LocalConnector {
+//! type Response = TcpStream;
+//! type Error = std::io::Error;
+//! // We can't "name" an `async` generated future.
+//! type Future = Pin<Box<
+//! dyn Future<Output = Result<Self::Response, Self::Error>> + Send
+//! >>;
+//!
+//! fn poll_ready(&mut self, _: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), Self::Error>> {
+//! // This connector is always ready, but others might not be.
+//! Poll::Ready(Ok(()))
+//! }
+//!
+//! fn call(&mut self, _: Uri) -> Self::Future {
+//! Box::pin(TcpStream::connect(SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 1337))))
+//! }
+//! }
+//! # }
+//! ```
+//!
+//! It's worth noting that for `TcpStream`s, the [`HttpConnector`][] is a
+//! better starting place to extend from.
+//!
+//! Using either of the above connector examples, it can be used with the
+//! `Client` like this:
+//!
+//! ```
+//! # #[cfg(feature = "runtime")]
+//! # fn rt () {
+//! # let connector = hyper::client::HttpConnector::new();
+//! // let connector = ...
+//!
+//! let client = hyper::Client::builder()
+//! .build::<_, hyper::Body>(connector);
+//! # }
+//! ```
+//!
+//!
+//! [`HttpConnector`]: HttpConnector
+//! [`Service`]: crate::service::Service
+//! [`Uri`]: ::http::Uri
+//! [`AsyncRead`]: tokio::io::AsyncRead
+//! [`AsyncWrite`]: tokio::io::AsyncWrite
+//! [`Connection`]: Connection
+use std::fmt;
+
+use ::http::Extensions;
+
+cfg_feature! {
+ #![feature = "tcp"]
+
+ pub use self::http::{HttpConnector, HttpInfo};
+
+ pub mod dns;
+ mod http;
+}
+
+cfg_feature! {
+ #![any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2")]
+
+ pub use self::sealed::Connect;
+}
+
+/// Describes a type returned by a connector.
+pub trait Connection {
+ /// Return metadata describing the connection.
+ fn connected(&self) -> Connected;
+}
+
+/// Extra information about the connected transport.
+///
+/// This can be used to inform recipients about things like if ALPN
+/// was used, or if connected to an HTTP proxy.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Connected {
+ pub(super) alpn: Alpn,
+ pub(super) is_proxied: bool,
+ pub(super) extra: Option<Extra>,
+}
+
+pub(super) struct Extra(Box<dyn ExtraInner>);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub(super) enum Alpn {
+ H2,
+ None,
+}
+
+impl Connected {
+ /// Create new `Connected` type with empty metadata.
+ pub fn new() -> Connected {
+ Connected {
+ alpn: Alpn::None,
+ is_proxied: false,
+ extra: None,
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Set whether the connected transport is to an HTTP proxy.
+ ///
+ /// This setting will affect if HTTP/1 requests written on the transport
+ /// will have the request-target in absolute-form or origin-form:
+ ///
+ /// - When `proxy(false)`:
+ ///
+ /// ```http
+ /// GET /guide HTTP/1.1
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// - When `proxy(true)`:
+ ///
+ /// ```http
+ /// GET http://hyper.rs/guide HTTP/1.1
+ /// ```
+ ///
+ /// Default is `false`.
+ pub fn proxy(mut self, is_proxied: bool) -> Connected {
+ self.is_proxied = is_proxied;
+ self
+ }
+
+ /// Determines if the connected transport is to an HTTP proxy.
+ pub fn is_proxied(&self) -> bool {
+ self.is_proxied
+ }
+
+ /// Set extra connection information to be set in the extensions of every `Response`.
+ pub fn extra<T: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static>(mut self, extra: T) -> Connected {
+ if let Some(prev) = self.extra {
+ self.extra = Some(Extra(Box::new(ExtraChain(prev.0, extra))));
+ } else {
+ self.extra = Some(Extra(Box::new(ExtraEnvelope(extra))));
+ }
+ self
+ }
+
+ /// Copies the extra connection information into an `Extensions` map.
+ pub fn get_extras(&self, extensions: &mut Extensions) {
+ if let Some(extra) = &self.extra {
+ extra.set(extensions);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /// Set that the connected transport negotiated HTTP/2 as its next protocol.
+ pub fn negotiated_h2(mut self) -> Connected {
+ self.alpn = Alpn::H2;
+ self
+ }
+
+ /// Determines if the connected transport negotiated HTTP/2 as its next protocol.
+ pub fn is_negotiated_h2(&self) -> bool {
+ self.alpn == Alpn::H2
+ }
+
+ // Don't public expose that `Connected` is `Clone`, unsure if we want to
+ // keep that contract...
+ #[cfg(feature = "http2")]
+ pub(super) fn clone(&self) -> Connected {
+ Connected {
+ alpn: self.alpn.clone(),
+ is_proxied: self.is_proxied,
+ extra: self.extra.clone(),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// ===== impl Extra =====
+
+impl Extra {
+ pub(super) fn set(&self, res: &mut Extensions) {
+ self.0.set(res);
+ }
+}
+
+impl Clone for Extra {
+ fn clone(&self) -> Extra {
+ Extra(self.0.clone_box())
+ }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Extra {
+ fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+ f.debug_struct("Extra").finish()
+ }
+}
+
+trait ExtraInner: Send + Sync {
+ fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn ExtraInner>;
+ fn set(&self, res: &mut Extensions);
+}
+
+// This indirection allows the `Connected` to have a type-erased "extra" value,
+// while that type still knows its inner extra type. This allows the correct
+// TypeId to be used when inserting into `res.extensions_mut()`.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct ExtraEnvelope<T>(T);
+
+impl<T> ExtraInner for ExtraEnvelope<T>
+where
+ T: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+ fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn ExtraInner> {
+ Box::new(self.clone())
+ }
+
+ fn set(&self, res: &mut Extensions) {
+ res.insert(self.0.clone());
+ }
+}
+
+struct ExtraChain<T>(Box<dyn ExtraInner>, T);
+
+impl<T: Clone> Clone for ExtraChain<T> {
+ fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+ ExtraChain(self.0.clone_box(), self.1.clone())
+ }
+}
+
+impl<T> ExtraInner for ExtraChain<T>
+where
+ T: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
+{
+ fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn ExtraInner> {
+ Box::new(self.clone())
+ }
+
+ fn set(&self, res: &mut Extensions) {
+ self.0.set(res);
+ res.insert(self.1.clone());
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(any(feature = "http1", feature = "http2"))]
+pub(super) mod sealed {
+ use std::error::Error as StdError;
+
+ use ::http::Uri;
+ use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite};
+
+ use super::Connection;
+ use crate::common::{Future, Unpin};
+
+ /// Connect to a destination, returning an IO transport.
+ ///
+ /// A connector receives a [`Uri`](::http::Uri) and returns a `Future` of the
+ /// ready connection.
+ ///
+ /// # Trait Alias
+ ///
+ /// This is really just an *alias* for the `tower::Service` trait, with
+ /// additional bounds set for convenience *inside* hyper. You don't actually
+ /// implement this trait, but `tower::Service<Uri>` instead.
+ // The `Sized` bound is to prevent creating `dyn Connect`, since they cannot
+ // fit the `Connect` bounds because of the blanket impl for `Service`.
+ pub trait Connect: Sealed + Sized {
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ type _Svc: ConnectSvc;
+ #[doc(hidden)]
+ fn connect(self, internal_only: Internal, dst: Uri) -> <Self::_Svc as ConnectSvc>::Future;
+ }
+
+ pub trait ConnectSvc {
+ type Connection: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Connection + Unpin + Send + 'static;
+ type Error: Into<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>;
+ type Future: Future<Output = Result<Self::Connection, Self::Error>> + Unpin + Send + 'static;
+
+ fn connect(self, internal_only: Internal, dst: Uri) -> Self::Future;
+ }
+
+ impl<S, T> Connect for S
+ where
+ S: tower_service::Service<Uri, Response = T> + Send + 'static,
+ S::Error: Into<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+ S::Future: Unpin + Send,
+ T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Connection + Unpin + Send + 'static,
+ {
+ type _Svc = S;
+
+ fn connect(self, _: Internal, dst: Uri) -> crate::service::Oneshot<S, Uri> {
+ crate::service::oneshot(self, dst)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<S, T> ConnectSvc for S
+ where
+ S: tower_service::Service<Uri, Response = T> + Send + 'static,
+ S::Error: Into<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+ S::Future: Unpin + Send,
+ T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Connection + Unpin + Send + 'static,
+ {
+ type Connection = T;
+ type Error = S::Error;
+ type Future = crate::service::Oneshot<S, Uri>;
+
+ fn connect(self, _: Internal, dst: Uri) -> Self::Future {
+ crate::service::oneshot(self, dst)
+ }
+ }
+
+ impl<S, T> Sealed for S
+ where
+ S: tower_service::Service<Uri, Response = T> + Send,
+ S::Error: Into<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>,
+ S::Future: Unpin + Send,
+ T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Connection + Unpin + Send + 'static,
+ {
+ }
+
+ pub trait Sealed {}
+ #[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
+ pub struct Internal;
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+ use super::Connected;
+
+ #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+ struct Ex1(usize);
+
+ #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+ struct Ex2(&'static str);
+
+ #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+ struct Ex3(&'static str);
+
+ #[test]
+ fn test_connected_extra() {
+ let c1 = Connected::new().extra(Ex1(41));
+
+ let mut ex = ::http::Extensions::new();
+
+ assert_eq!(ex.get::<Ex1>(), None);
+
+ c1.extra.as_ref().expect("c1 extra").set(&mut ex);
+
+ assert_eq!(ex.get::<Ex1>(), Some(&Ex1(41)));
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn test_connected_extra_chain() {
+ // If a user composes connectors and at each stage, there's "extra"
+ // info to attach, it shouldn't override the previous extras.
+
+ let c1 = Connected::new()
+ .extra(Ex1(45))
+ .extra(Ex2("zoom"))
+ .extra(Ex3("pew pew"));
+
+ let mut ex1 = ::http::Extensions::new();
+
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex1>(), None);
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex2>(), None);
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex3>(), None);
+
+ c1.extra.as_ref().expect("c1 extra").set(&mut ex1);
+
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex1>(), Some(&Ex1(45)));
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex2>(), Some(&Ex2("zoom")));
+ assert_eq!(ex1.get::<Ex3>(), Some(&Ex3("pew pew")));
+
+ // Just like extensions, inserting the same type overrides previous type.
+ let c2 = Connected::new()
+ .extra(Ex1(33))
+ .extra(Ex2("hiccup"))
+ .extra(Ex1(99));
+
+ let mut ex2 = ::http::Extensions::new();
+
+ c2.extra.as_ref().expect("c2 extra").set(&mut ex2);
+
+ assert_eq!(ex2.get::<Ex1>(), Some(&Ex1(99)));
+ assert_eq!(ex2.get::<Ex2>(), Some(&Ex2("hiccup")));
+ }
+}