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+
+ Git installation
+
+Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
+will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory. If you want
+to do a global install, you can do
+
+ $ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
+ # make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
+
+(or prefix=/usr/local, of course). Just like any program suite
+that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
+which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
+install" would not work.
+
+The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
+git is built. You can override them either from the command line, or in a
+config.mak file.
+
+Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
+set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
+
+ $ make configure ;# as yourself
+ $ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
+ $ make all doc ;# as yourself
+ # make install install-doc install-html;# as root
+
+If you're willing to trade off (much) longer build time for a later
+faster git you can also do a profile feedback build with
+
+ $ make prefix=/usr profile
+ # make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
+
+This will run the complete test suite as training workload and then
+rebuild git with the generated profile feedback. This results in a git
+which is a few percent faster on CPU intensive workloads. This
+may be a good tradeoff for distribution packagers.
+
+Alternatively you can run profile feedback only with the git benchmark
+suite. This runs significantly faster than the full test suite, but
+has less coverage:
+
+ $ make prefix=/usr profile-fast
+ # make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
+
+Or if you just want to install a profile-optimized version of git into
+your home directory, you could run:
+
+ $ make profile-install
+
+or
+ $ make profile-fast-install
+
+As a caveat: a profile-optimized build takes a *lot* longer since the
+git tree must be built twice, and in order for the profiling
+measurements to work properly, ccache must be disabled and the test
+suite has to be run using only a single CPU. In addition, the profile
+feedback build stage currently generates a lot of additional compiler
+warnings.
+
+Issues of note:
+
+ - Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
+ program "git", whose name conflicts with this program. But with
+ version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
+ around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
+ longer a problem.
+
+ NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
+ Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
+ with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
+
+ - You can use git after building but without installing if you want
+ to test drive it. Simply run git found in bin-wrappers directory
+ in the build directory, or prepend that directory to your $PATH.
+ This however is less efficient than running an installed git, as
+ you always need an extra fork+exec to run any git subcommand.
+
+ It is still possible to use git without installing by setting a few
+ environment variables, which was the way this was done
+ traditionally. But using git found in bin-wrappers directory in
+ the build directory is far simpler. As a historical reference, the
+ old way went like this:
+
+ GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
+ PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
+ GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/build/lib
+ export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
+
+ - By default (unless NO_PERL is provided) Git will ship various perl
+ scripts. However, for simplicity it doesn't use the
+ ExtUtils::MakeMaker toolchain to decide where to place the perl
+ libraries. Depending on the system this can result in the perl
+ libraries not being where you'd like them if they're expected to be
+ used by things other than Git itself.
+
+ Manually supplying a perllibdir prefix should fix this, if this is
+ a problem you care about, e.g.:
+
+ prefix=/usr perllibdir=/usr/$(/usr/bin/perl -MConfig -wle 'print substr $Config{installsitelib}, 1 + length $Config{siteprefixexp}')
+
+ Will result in e.g. perllibdir=/usr/share/perl/5.26.1 on Debian,
+ perllibdir=/usr/share/perl5 (which we'd use by default) on CentOS.
+
+ - Unless NO_PERL is provided Git will ship various perl libraries it
+ needs. Distributors of Git will usually want to set
+ NO_PERL_CPAN_FALLBACKS if NO_PERL is not provided to use their own
+ copies of the CPAN modules Git needs.
+
+ - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
+ programs and libraries. Git can be used without most of them by adding
+ the appropriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
+ config.mak file.
+
+ - "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
+
+ - "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
+
+ - A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run some scripts needed
+ for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "request-pull").
+
+ - "Perl" version 5.8 or later is needed to use some of the
+ features (e.g. preparing a partial commit using "git add -i/-p",
+ interacting with svn repositories with "git svn"). If you can
+ live without these, use NO_PERL. Note that recent releases of
+ Redhat/Fedora are reported to ship Perl binary package with some
+ core modules stripped away (see http://lwn.net/Articles/477234/),
+ so you might need to install additional packages other than Perl
+ itself, e.g. Digest::MD5, File::Spec, File::Temp, Net::Domain,
+ Net::SMTP, and Time::HiRes.
+
+ - git-imap-send needs the OpenSSL library to talk IMAP over SSL if
+ you are using libcurl older than 7.34.0. Otherwise you can use
+ NO_OPENSSL without losing git-imap-send.
+
+ - "libcurl" library is used for fetching and pushing
+ repositories over http:// or https://, as well as by
+ git-imap-send if the curl version is >= 7.34.0. If you do
+ not need that functionality, use NO_CURL to build without
+ it.
+
+ Git requires version "7.19.5" or later of "libcurl" to build
+ without NO_CURL. This version requirement may be bumped in
+ the future.
+
+ - "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
+ management over DAV. Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
+ (with NO_EXPAT).
+
+ - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
+ history graphically, and in git-gui. If you don't want gitk or
+ git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
+
+ - A gettext library is used by default for localizing Git. The
+ primary target is GNU libintl, but the Solaris gettext
+ implementation also works.
+
+ We need a gettext.h on the system for C code, gettext.sh (or
+ Solaris gettext(1)) for shell scripts, and libintl-perl for Perl
+ programs.
+
+ Set NO_GETTEXT to disable localization support and make Git only
+ use English. Under autoconf the configure script will do this
+ automatically if it can't find libintl on the system.
+
+ - Python version 2.7 or later is needed to use the git-p4 interface
+ to Perforce.
+
+ - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
+ but depending on your specific installation, you may not
+ have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
+ necessary libraries at unusual locations. Please look at the
+ top of the Makefile to see what can be adjusted for your needs.
+ You can place local settings in config.mak and the Makefile
+ will include them. Note that config.mak is not distributed;
+ the name is reserved for local settings.
+
+ - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
+ the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain. Because not many people are
+ inclined to install the tools, the default build target
+ ("make all") does _not_ build them.
+
+ "make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
+ also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
+ requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
+ requires both.
+
+ "make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
+ are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
+ install-info".
+
+ Building and installing the info file additionally requires
+ makeinfo and docbook2X. Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
+
+ Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
+ dblatex. Version >= 0.2.7 is known to work.
+
+ All formats require at least asciidoc 8.4.1. Alternatively, you can
+ use Asciidoctor (requires Ruby) by passing USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=YesPlease
+ to make. You need at least Asciidoctor version 1.5.
+
+ There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
+ and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
+ and html documentation. To use these build targets, you need to
+ clone two separate git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories next
+ to the clone of git itself.
+
+ The minimum supported version of docbook-xsl is 1.74.
+
+ Users attempting to build the documentation on Cygwin may need to ensure
+ that the /etc/xml/catalog file looks something like this:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0"?>
+ <!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC
+ "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd"
+ >
+ <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
+ <rewriteURI
+ uriStartString = "http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current"
+ rewritePrefix = "/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets"
+ />
+ <rewriteURI
+ uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5"
+ rewritePrefix="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5"
+ />
+ </catalog>
+
+ This can be achieved with the following two xmlcatalog commands:
+
+ xmlcatalog --noout \
+ --add rewriteURI \
+ http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current \
+ /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets \
+ /etc/xml/catalog
+
+ xmlcatalog --noout \
+ --add rewriteURI \
+ http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/xsl/current \
+ /usr/share/sgml/docbook/xml-dtd-4.5 \
+ /etc/xml/catalog