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| author | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-04-07 16:18:56 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-04-07 16:18:56 +0000 |
| commit | b7c15c31519dc44c1f691e0466badd556ffe9423 (patch) | |
| tree | f944572f288bab482a615e09af627d9a2b6727d8 /html/transport.5.html | |
| parent | Initial commit. (diff) | |
| download | postfix-upstream.tar.xz postfix-upstream.zip | |
Adding upstream version 3.7.10.upstream/3.7.10upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'html/transport.5.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | html/transport.5.html | 287 |
1 files changed, 287 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/html/transport.5.html b/html/transport.5.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b38dba5 --- /dev/null +++ b/html/transport.5.html @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ +<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> +<html> <head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> +<title> Postfix manual - transport(5) </title> +</head> <body> <pre> +TRANSPORT(5) TRANSPORT(5) + +<b>NAME</b> + transport - Postfix transport table format + +<b>SYNOPSIS</b> + <b>postmap /etc/postfix/transport</b> + + <b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" /etc/postfix/transport</b> + + <b>postmap -q - /etc/postfix/transport</b> <<i>inputfile</i> + +<b>DESCRIPTION</b> + The optional <a href="transport.5.html"><b>transport</b>(5)</a> table specifies a mapping from email + addresses to message delivery transports and next-hop destinations. + Message delivery transports such as <b>local</b> or <b>smtp</b> are defined in the + <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file, and next-hop destinations are typically hosts or domain + names. The table is searched by the <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon. + + This mapping overrides the default <i>transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> selection that is + built into Postfix: + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> (default: <a href="local.8.html">local</a>:$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b> + This is the default for final delivery to domains listed with + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>, and for [<i>ipaddress</i>] destinations that match + <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b> or <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>. The default <i>nexthop</i> des- + tination is the MTA hostname. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> (default: <a href="virtual.8.html">virtual</a>:)</b> + This is the default for final delivery to domains listed with + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a></b>. The default <i>nexthop</i> destination is the + recipient domain. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> (default: relay:)</b> + This is the default for remote delivery to domains listed with + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a></b>. In order of decreasing precedence, the <i>nexthop</i> + destination is taken from <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b> + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">dent_relayhost_maps</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a></b>, or from the recipient domain. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> (default: <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:)</b> + This is the default for remote delivery to other destinations. + In order of decreasing precedence, the <i>nexthop</i> destination is + taken from <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a>,</b> + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a></b>, <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a></b>, + or from the recipient domain. + + Normally, the <a href="transport.5.html"><b>transport</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file that + serves as input to the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command. The result, an indexed file + in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for fast searching by the mail system. + Execute the command "<b>postmap /etc/postfix/transport</b>" to rebuild an + indexed file after changing the corresponding transport table. + + When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, + the same lookups are done as for ordinary indexed files. + + Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-expression map + where patterns are given as regular expressions, or lookups can be + directed to a TCP-based server. In those case, the lookups are done in + a slightly different way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION + TABLES" or "TCP-BASED TABLES". + +<b>CASE FOLDING</b> + The search string is folded to lowercase before database lookup. As of + Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case folded with database types + such as <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: or <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>: whose lookup fields can match both upper and + lower case. + +<b>TABLE FORMAT</b> + The input format for the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command is as follows: + + <i>pattern result</i> + When <i>pattern</i> matches the recipient address or domain, use the + corresponding <i>result</i>. + + blank lines and comments + Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines + whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'. + + multi-line text + A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that + starts with whitespace continues a logical line. + + The <i>pattern</i> specifies an email address, a domain name, or a domain name + hierarchy, as described in section "TABLE SEARCH ORDER". + + The <i>result</i> is of the form <i>transport:nexthop</i> and specifies how or where + to deliver mail. This is described in section "RESULT FORMAT". + +<b>TABLE SEARCH ORDER</b> + With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked + tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are tried in the order as + listed below: + + <i>user+extension@domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> + Deliver mail for <i>user+extension@domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nex-</i> + <i>thop</i>. + + <i>user@domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> + Deliver mail for <i>user@domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nexthop</i>. + + <i>domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> + Deliver mail for <i>domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to <i>nexthop</i>. + + <i>.domain transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> + Deliver mail for any subdomain of <i>domain</i> through <i>transport</i> to + <i>nexthop</i>. This applies only when the string <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a></b> is not + listed in the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a></b> configuration + setting. Otherwise, a domain name matches itself and its subdo- + mains. + + <b>*</b> <i>transport</i>:<i>nexthop</i> + The special pattern <b>*</b> represents any address (i.e. it functions + as the wild-card pattern, and is unique to Postfix transport + tables). + + Note 1: the null recipient address is looked up as + <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a></b>@<b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a></b> (default: mailer-daemon@hostname). + + Note 2: <i>user@domain</i> or <i>user+extension@domain</i> lookup is available in + Postfix 2.0 and later. + +<b>RESULT FORMAT</b> + The lookup result is of the form <i>transport</i><b>:</b><i>nexthop</i>. The <i>transport</i> + field specifies a mail delivery transport such as <b>smtp</b> or <b>local</b>. The + <i>nexthop</i> field specifies where and how to deliver mail. + + The transport field specifies the name of a mail delivery transport + (the first name of a mail delivery service entry in the Postfix <a href="master.5.html"><b>mas-</b> + <b>ter.cf</b></a> file). + + The nexthop field usually specifies one recipient domain or hostname. + In the case of the Postfix SMTP/LMTP client, the nexthop field may con- + tain a list of nexthop destinations separated by comma or whitespace + (Postfix 3.5 and later). + + The syntax of a nexthop destination is transport dependent. With SMTP, + specify a service on a non-default port as <i>host</i>:<i>service</i>, and disable MX + (mail exchanger) DNS lookups with [<i>host</i>] or [<i>host</i>]:<i>port</i>. The [] form is + required when you specify an IP address instead of a hostname. + + A null <i>transport</i> and null <i>nexthop</i> field means "do not change": use the + delivery transport and nexthop information that would be used when the + entire transport table did not exist. + + A non-null <i>transport</i> field with a null <i>nexthop</i> field resets the nexthop + information to the recipient domain. + + A null <i>transport</i> field with non-null <i>nexthop</i> field does not modify the + transport information. + +<b>EXAMPLES</b> + In order to deliver internal mail directly, while using a mail relay + for all other mail, specify a null entry for internal destinations (do + not change the delivery transport or the nexthop information) and spec- + ify a wildcard for all other destinations. + + <b>my.domain :</b> + <b>.my.domain :</b> + <b>* <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:outbound-relay.my.domain</b> + + In order to send mail for <b>example.com</b> and its subdomains via the <b>uucp</b> + transport to the UUCP host named <b>example</b>: + + <b>example.com uucp:example</b> + <b>.example.com uucp:example</b> + + When no nexthop host name is specified, the destination domain name is + used instead. For example, the following directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>exam-</b> + <b>ple.com</b> via the <b>slow</b> transport to a mail exchanger for <b>example.com</b>. + The <b>slow</b> transport could be configured to run at most one delivery + process at a time: + + <b>example.com slow:</b> + + When no transport is specified, Postfix uses the transport that matches + the address domain class (see DESCRIPTION above). The following sends + all mail for <b>example.com</b> and its subdomains to host <b>gateway.exam-</b> + <b>ple.com</b>: + + <b>example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b> + <b>.example.com :[gateway.example.com]</b> + + In the above example, the [] suppress MX lookups. This prevents mail + routing loops when your machine is primary MX host for <b>example.com</b>. + + In the case of delivery via SMTP or LMTP, one may specify <i>host</i>:<i>service</i> + instead of just a host: + + <b>example.com <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.example:2025</b> + + This directs mail for <i>user</i>@<b>example.com</b> to host <b>bar.example</b> port <b>2025</b>. + Instead of a numerical port a symbolic name may be used. Specify [] + around the hostname if MX lookups must be disabled. + + Deliveries via SMTP or LMTP support multiple destinations (Postfix >= + 3.5): + + <b>example.com <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:bar.example, foo.example</b> + + This tries to deliver to <b>bar.example</b> before trying to deliver to + <b>foo.example</b>. + + The error mailer can be used to bounce mail: + + <b>.example.com <a href="error.8.html">error</a>:mail for *.example.com is not deliverable</b> + + This causes all mail for <i>user</i>@<i>anything</i><b>.example.com</b> to be bounced. + +<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b> + This section describes how the table lookups change when the table is + given in the form of regular expressions. For a description of regular + expression lookup table syntax, see <a href="regexp_table.5.html"><b>regexp_table</b>(5)</a> or <a href="pcre_table.5.html"><b>pcre_table</b>(5)</a>. + + Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to the entire + address being looked up. Thus, <i>some.domain.hierarchy</i> is not looked up + via its parent domains, nor is <i>user+foo@domain</i> looked up as + <i>user@domain</i>. + + Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a + pattern is found that matches the search string. + + The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> server disallows regular expression substitution + of $1 etc. in regular expression lookup tables, because that could open + a security hole (Postfix version 2.3 and later). + +<b>TCP-BASED TABLES</b> + This section describes how the table lookups change when lookups are + directed to a TCP-based server. For a description of the TCP + client/server lookup protocol, see <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>tcp_table</b>(5)</a>. This feature is not + available up to and including Postfix version 2.4. + + Each lookup operation uses the entire recipient address once. Thus, + <i>some.domain.hierarchy</i> is not looked up via its parent domains, nor is + <i>user+foo@domain</i> looked up as <i>user@domain</i>. + + Results are the same as with indexed file lookups. + +<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> + The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant. The text + below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more + details including examples. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a> (MAILER-DAEMON)</b> + The recipient of mail addressed to the null address. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> + A list of Postfix features where the pattern "example.com" also + matches subdomains of example.com, instead of requiring an + explicit ".example.com" pattern. + + <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> (empty)</b> + Optional lookup tables with mappings from recipient address to + (message delivery transport, next-hop destination). + +<b>SEE ALSO</b> + <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html">trivial-rewrite(8)</a>, rewrite and resolve addresses + <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> file format + <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters + <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager + +<b>README FILES</b> + <a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, address rewriting guide + <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview + <a href="FILTER_README.html">FILTER_README</a>, external content filter + +<b>LICENSE</b> + The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. + +<b>AUTHOR(S)</b> + Wietse Venema + IBM T.J. Watson Research + P.O. Box 704 + Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA + + Wietse Venema + Google, Inc. + 111 8th Avenue + New York, NY 10011, USA + + TRANSPORT(5) +</pre> </body> </html> |