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diff --git a/man/man5/canonical.5 b/man/man5/canonical.5 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e987664 --- /dev/null +++ b/man/man5/canonical.5 @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +.TH CANONICAL 5 +.ad +.fi +.SH NAME +canonical +\- +Postfix canonical table format +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.na +.nf +\fBpostmap /etc/postfix/canonical\fR + +\fBpostmap \-q "\fIstring\fB" /etc/postfix/canonical\fR + +\fBpostmap \-q \- /etc/postfix/canonical <\fIinputfile\fR +.SH DESCRIPTION +.ad +.fi +The optional \fBcanonical\fR(5) table specifies an address mapping for +local and non\-local addresses. The mapping is used by the +\fBcleanup\fR(8) daemon, before mail is stored into the +queue. The address mapping is recursive. + +Normally, the \fBcanonical\fR(5) table is specified as a text file +that serves as input to the \fBpostmap\fR(1) command. +The result, an indexed file in \fBdbm\fR or \fBdb\fR format, +is used for fast searching by the mail system. Execute the command +"\fBpostmap /etc/postfix/canonical\fR" to rebuild an indexed +file after changing the corresponding text file. + +When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, LDAP +or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary indexed files. + +Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular\-expression +map where patterns are given as regular expressions, or lookups +can be directed to a TCP\-based server. In those cases, the lookups +are done in a slightly different way as described below under +"REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES" or "TCP\-BASED TABLES". + +By default the \fBcanonical\fR(5) mapping affects both message +header addresses (i.e. addresses that appear inside messages) +and message envelope addresses (for example, the addresses +that are used in SMTP protocol commands). This is controlled with +the \fBcanonical_classes\fR parameter. + +NOTE: Postfix versions 2.2 and later rewrite message headers +from remote SMTP clients only if the client matches the +local_header_rewrite_clients parameter, or if the +remote_header_rewrite_domain configuration parameter specifies +a non\-empty value. To get the behavior before Postfix 2.2, +specify "local_header_rewrite_clients = static:all". + +Typically, one would use the \fBcanonical\fR(5) table to replace login +names by \fIFirstname.Lastname\fR, or to clean up addresses produced +by legacy mail systems. + +The \fBcanonical\fR(5) mapping is not to be confused with \fIvirtual +alias\fR support or with local aliasing. To change the destination +but not the headers, use the \fBvirtual\fR(5) or \fBaliases\fR(5) +map instead. +.SH "CASE FOLDING" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The search string is folded to lowercase before database +lookup. As of Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case +folded with database types such as regexp: or pcre: whose +lookup fields can match both upper and lower case. +.SH "TABLE FORMAT" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The input format for the \fBpostmap\fR(1) command is as follows: +.IP "\fIpattern address\fR" +When \fIpattern\fR matches a mail address, replace it by the +corresponding \fIaddress\fR. +.IP "blank lines and comments" +Empty lines and whitespace\-only lines are ignored, as +are lines whose first non\-whitespace character is a `#'. +.IP "multi\-line text" +A logical line starts with non\-whitespace text. A line that +starts with whitespace continues a logical line. +.SH "TABLE SEARCH ORDER" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked +tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, each \fIuser\fR@\fIdomain\fR +query produces a sequence of query patterns as described below. + +Each query pattern is sent to each specified lookup table +before trying the next query pattern, until a match is +found. +.IP "\fIuser\fR@\fIdomain address\fR" +Replace \fIuser\fR@\fIdomain\fR by \fIaddress\fR. This form +has the highest precedence. +.sp +This is useful to clean up addresses produced by legacy mail systems. +It can also be used to produce \fIFirstname.Lastname\fR style +addresses, but see below for a simpler solution. +.IP "\fIuser address\fR" +Replace \fIuser\fR@\fIsite\fR by \fIaddress\fR when \fIsite\fR is +equal to $\fBmyorigin\fR, when \fIsite\fR is listed in +$\fBmydestination\fR, or when it is listed in $\fBinet_interfaces\fR +or $\fBproxy_interfaces\fR. +.sp +This form is useful for replacing login names by +\fIFirstname.Lastname\fR. +.IP "@\fIdomain address\fR" +Replace other addresses in \fIdomain\fR by \fIaddress\fR. +This form has the lowest precedence. +.sp +Note: @\fIdomain\fR is a wild\-card. When this form is applied +to recipient addresses, the Postfix SMTP server accepts +mail for any recipient in \fIdomain\fR, regardless of whether +that recipient exists. This may turn your mail system into +a backscatter source: Postfix first accepts mail for +non\-existent recipients and then tries to return that mail +as "undeliverable" to the often forged sender address. +.sp +To avoid backscatter with mail for a wild\-card domain, +replace the wild\-card mapping with explicit 1:1 mappings, +or add a reject_unverified_recipient restriction for that +domain: + +.nf + smtpd_recipient_restrictions = + ... + reject_unauth_destination + check_recipient_access + inline:{example.com=reject_unverified_recipient} + unverified_recipient_reject_code = 550 +.fi + +In the above example, Postfix may contact a remote server +if the recipient is rewritten to a remote address. +.SH "RESULT ADDRESS REWRITING" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The lookup result is subject to address rewriting: +.IP \(bu +When the result has the form @\fIotherdomain\fR, the +result becomes the same \fIuser\fR in \fIotherdomain\fR. +.IP \(bu +When "\fBappend_at_myorigin=yes\fR", append "\fB@$myorigin\fR" +to addresses without "@domain". +.IP \(bu +When "\fBappend_dot_mydomain=yes\fR", append +"\fB.$mydomain\fR" to addresses without ".domain". +.SH "ADDRESS EXTENSION" +.na +.nf +.fi +.ad +When a mail address localpart contains the optional recipient delimiter +(e.g., \fIuser+foo\fR@\fIdomain\fR), the lookup order becomes: +\fIuser+foo\fR@\fIdomain\fR, \fIuser\fR@\fIdomain\fR, \fIuser+foo\fR, +\fIuser\fR, and @\fIdomain\fR. + +The \fBpropagate_unmatched_extensions\fR parameter controls whether +an unmatched address extension (\fI+foo\fR) is propagated to the +result of table lookup. +.SH "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +This section describes how the table lookups change when the table +is given in the form of regular expressions. For a description of +regular expression lookup table syntax, see \fBregexp_table\fR(5) +or \fBpcre_table\fR(5). + +Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to the entire +address being looked up. Thus, \fIuser@domain\fR mail addresses are not +broken up into their \fIuser\fR and \fI@domain\fR constituent parts, +nor is \fIuser+foo\fR broken up into \fIuser\fR and \fIfoo\fR. + +Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a +pattern is found that matches the search string. + +Results are the same as with indexed file lookups, with +the additional feature that parenthesized substrings from the +pattern can be interpolated as \fB$1\fR, \fB$2\fR and so on. +.SH "TCP-BASED TABLES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +This section describes how the table lookups change when lookups +are directed to a TCP\-based server. For a description of the TCP +client/server lookup protocol, see \fBtcp_table\fR(5). +This feature is not available up to and including Postfix version 2.4. + +Each lookup operation uses the entire address once. Thus, +\fIuser@domain\fR mail addresses are not broken up into their +\fIuser\fR and \fI@domain\fR constituent parts, nor is +\fIuser+foo\fR broken up into \fIuser\fR and \fIfoo\fR. + +Results are the same as with indexed file lookups. +.SH BUGS +.ad +.fi +The table format does not understand quoting conventions. +.SH "CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The following \fBmain.cf\fR parameters are especially relevant. +The text below provides only a parameter summary. See +\fBpostconf\fR(5) for more details including examples. +.IP "\fBcanonical_classes (envelope_sender, envelope_recipient, header_sender, header_recipient)\fR" +What addresses are subject to canonical_maps address mapping. +.IP "\fBcanonical_maps (empty)\fR" +Optional address mapping lookup tables for message headers and +envelopes. +.IP "\fBrecipient_canonical_maps (empty)\fR" +Optional address mapping lookup tables for envelope and header +recipient addresses. +.IP "\fBsender_canonical_maps (empty)\fR" +Optional address mapping lookup tables for envelope and header +sender addresses. +.IP "\fBpropagate_unmatched_extensions (canonical, virtual)\fR" +What address lookup tables copy an address extension from the lookup +key to the lookup result. +.PP +Other parameters of interest: +.IP "\fBinet_interfaces (all)\fR" +The network interface addresses that this mail system receives +mail on. +.IP "\fBlocal_header_rewrite_clients (permit_inet_interfaces)\fR" +Rewrite message header addresses in mail from these clients and +update incomplete addresses with the domain name in $myorigin or +$mydomain; either don't rewrite message headers from other clients +at all, or rewrite message headers and update incomplete addresses +with the domain specified in the remote_header_rewrite_domain +parameter. +.IP "\fBproxy_interfaces (empty)\fR" +The network interface addresses that this mail system receives mail +on by way of a proxy or network address translation unit. +.IP "\fBmasquerade_classes (envelope_sender, header_sender, header_recipient)\fR" +What addresses are subject to address masquerading. +.IP "\fBmasquerade_domains (empty)\fR" +Optional list of domains whose subdomain structure will be stripped +off in email addresses. +.IP "\fBmasquerade_exceptions (empty)\fR" +Optional list of user names that are not subjected to address +masquerading, even when their addresses match $masquerade_domains. +.IP "\fBmydestination ($myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost)\fR" +The list of domains that are delivered via the $local_transport +mail delivery transport. +.IP "\fBmyorigin ($myhostname)\fR" +The domain name that locally\-posted mail appears to come +from, and that locally posted mail is delivered to. +.IP "\fBowner_request_special (yes)\fR" +Enable special treatment for owner\-\fIlistname\fR entries in the +\fBaliases\fR(5) file, and don't split owner\-\fIlistname\fR and +\fIlistname\fR\-request address localparts when the recipient_delimiter +is set to "\-". +.IP "\fBremote_header_rewrite_domain (empty)\fR" +Don't rewrite message headers from remote clients at all when +this parameter is empty; otherwise, rewrite message headers and +append the specified domain name to incomplete addresses. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.na +.nf +cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue mail +postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager +postconf(5), configuration parameters +virtual(5), virtual aliasing +.SH "README FILES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +Use "\fBpostconf readme_directory\fR" or +"\fBpostconf html_directory\fR" to locate this information. +.na +.nf +DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview +ADDRESS_REWRITING_README, address rewriting guide +.SH "LICENSE" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. +.SH "AUTHOR(S)" +.na +.nf +Wietse Venema +IBM T.J. Watson Research +P.O. Box 704 +Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA + +Wietse Venema +Google, Inc. +111 8th Avenue +New York, NY 10011, USA |