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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title> Postfix manual - local(8) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
LOCAL(8) LOCAL(8)
<b>NAME</b>
local - Postfix local mail delivery
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<b>local</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon processes delivery requests from the Postfix queue
manager to deliver mail to local recipients. Each delivery request
specifies a queue file, a sender address, a domain or host to deliver
to, and one or more recipients. This program expects to be run from
the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> process manager.
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon updates queue files and marks recipients as fin-
ished, or it informs the queue manager that delivery should be tried
again at a later time. Delivery status reports are sent to the
<a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a> or <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemon as appropriate.
<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
All delivery decisions are made using the bare recipient name (i.e. the
address localpart), folded to lower case. See also under ADDRESS
EXTENSION below for a few exceptions.
<b>SYSTEM-WIDE AND USER-LEVEL ALIASING</b>
The system administrator can set up one or more system-wide <b>send-</b>
<b>mail</b>-style alias databases. Users can have <b>sendmail</b>-style ~/.<b>forward</b>
files. Mail for <i>name</i> is delivered to the alias <i>name</i>, to destinations
in ~<i>name</i>/.<b>forward</b>, to the mailbox owned by the user <i>name</i>, or it is sent
back as undeliverable.
The system administrator can specify a comma/space separated list of
~/.<b>forward</b> like files through the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a></b> configuration parameter.
Upon delivery, the local delivery agent tries each pathname in the list
until a file is found.
Delivery via ~/.<b>forward</b> files is done with the privileges of the recip-
ient. Thus, ~/.<b>forward</b> like files must be readable by the recipient,
and their parent directory needs to have "execute" permission for the
recipient.
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a></b> parameter is subject to interpolation of <b>$user</b> (recip-
ient username), <b>$home</b> (recipient home directory), <b>$shell</b> (recipient
shell), <b>$recipient</b> (complete recipient address), <b>$extension</b> (recipient
address extension), <b>$domain</b> (recipient domain), <b>$local</b> (entire recipi-
ent address localpart) and <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a>.</b> The forms
<i>${name?value}</i> and <i>${name?{value}}</i> (Postfix 3.0 and later) expand condi-
tionally to <i>value</i> when <i>$name</i> is defined, and the forms <i>${name:value}</i>
<i>${name:{value}}</i> (Postfix 3.0 and later) expand conditionally to <i>value</i>
when <i>$name</i> is not defined. The form <i>${name?{value1}:{value2}}</i> (Postfix
3.0 and later) expands conditionally to <i>value1</i> when <i>$name</i> is defined,
or <i>value2</i> otherwise. Characters that may have special meaning to the
shell or file system are replaced with underscores. The list of accept-
able characters is specified with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_expansion_filter">forward_expansion_filter</a></b> configu-
ration parameter.
An alias or ~/.<b>forward</b> file may list any combination of external com-
mands, destination file names, <b>:include:</b> directives, or mail addresses.
See <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> for a precise description. Each line in a user's .<b>for-</b>
<b>ward</b> file has the same syntax as the right-hand part of an alias.
When an address is found in its own alias expansion, delivery is made
to the user instead. When a user is listed in the user's own ~/.<b>forward</b>
file, delivery is made to the user's mailbox instead. An empty ~/.<b>for-</b>
<b>ward</b> file means do not forward mail.
In order to prevent the mail system from using up unreasonable amounts
of memory, input records read from <b>:include:</b> or from ~/.<b>forward</b> files
are broken up into chunks of length <b><a href="postconf.5.html#line_length_limit">line_length_limit</a></b>.
While expanding aliases, ~/.<b>forward</b> files, and so on, the program
attempts to avoid duplicate deliveries. The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#duplicate_filter_limit">duplicate_filter_limit</a></b> con-
figuration parameter limits the number of remembered recipients.
<b>MAIL FORWARDING</b>
For the sake of reliability, forwarded mail is re-submitted as a new
message, so that each recipient has a separate on-file delivery status
record.
In order to stop mail forwarding loops early, the software adds an
optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final envelope recipient
address. If mail arrives for a recipient that is already listed in a
<b>Delivered-To:</b> header, the message is bounced.
<b>MAILBOX DELIVERY</b>
The default per-user mailbox is a file in the UNIX mail spool directory
(<b>/var/mail/</b><i>user</i> or <b>/var/spool/mail/</b><i>user</i>); the location can be specified
with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_directory</a></b> configuration parameter. Specify a name
ending in <b>/</b> for <b>qmail</b>-compatible <b>maildir</b> delivery.
Alternatively, the per-user mailbox can be a file in the user's home
directory with a name specified via the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a></b> configuration
parameter. Specify a relative path name. Specify a name ending in <b>/</b> for
<b>qmail</b>-compatible <b>maildir</b> delivery.
Mailbox delivery can be delegated to an external command specified with
the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a></b> and <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a></b> configuration parameters.
The command executes with the privileges of the recipient user (excep-
tions: secondary groups are not enabled; in case of delivery as root,
the command executes with the privileges of <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a></b>).
Mailbox delivery can be delegated to alternative message transports
specified in the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file. The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mailbox_transport_maps</a></b> and <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mail</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">box_transport</a></b> configuration parameters specify an optional message
transport that is to be used for all local recipients, regardless of
whether they are found in the UNIX passwd database. The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">fall</a>-</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">back_transport_maps</a></b> and <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a></b> parameters specify an
optional message transport for recipients that are not found in the
<a href="aliases.5.html">aliases(5)</a> or UNIX passwd database.
In the case of UNIX-style mailbox delivery, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon
prepends a "<b>From</b> <i>sender time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>" envelope header to each message,
prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with the recipient address as given
to Postfix, prepends an optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final
envelope recipient address, prepends a <b>Return-Path:</b> header with the
envelope sender address, prepends a > character to lines beginning with
"<b>From</b> ", and appends an empty line. The mailbox is locked for exclu-
sive access while delivery is in progress. In case of problems, an
attempt is made to truncate the mailbox to its original length.
In the case of <b>maildir</b> delivery, the local daemon prepends an optional
<b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final envelope recipient address,
prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with the recipient address as given
to Postfix, and prepends a <b>Return-Path:</b> header with the envelope sender
address.
<b>EXTERNAL COMMAND DELIVERY</b>
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a></b> configuration parameter restricts delivery
to external commands. The default setting (<b>alias, forward</b>) forbids com-
mand destinations in <b>:include:</b> files.
Optionally, the process working directory is changed to the path speci-
fied with <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a></b> (Postfix 2.2 and later). Failure
to change directory causes mail to be deferred.
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a></b> parameter value is subject to interpo-
lation of <b>$user</b> (recipient username), <b>$home</b> (recipient home directory),
<b>$shell</b> (recipient shell), <b>$recipient</b> (complete recipient address),
<b>$extension</b> (recipient address extension), <b>$domain</b> (recipient domain),
<b>$local</b> (entire recipient address localpart) and <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a>.</b>
The forms <i>${name?value}</i> and <i>${name?{value}}</i> (Postfix 3.0 and later)
expand conditionally to <i>value</i> when <i>$name</i> is defined, and the forms
<i>${name:value}</i> and <i>${name:{value}}</i> (Postfix 3.0 and later) expand condi-
tionally to <i>value</i> when <i>$name</i> is not defined. The form
<i>${name?{value1}:{value2}}</i> (Postfix 3.0 and later) expands conditionally
to <i>value1</i> when <i>$name</i> is defined, or <i>value2</i> otherwise. Characters that
may have special meaning to the shell or file system are replaced with
underscores. The list of acceptable characters is specified with the
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#execution_directory_expansion_filter">execution_directory_expansion_filter</a></b> configuration parameter.
The command is executed directly where possible. Assistance by the
shell (<b>/bin/sh</b> on UNIX systems) is used only when the command contains
shell magic characters, or when the command invokes a shell built-in
command.
A limited amount of command output (standard output and standard error)
is captured for inclusion with non-delivery status reports. A command
is forcibly terminated if it does not complete within <b>com-</b>
<b>mand_time_limit</b> seconds. Command exit status codes are expected to
follow the conventions defined in <<b>sysexits.h</b>>. Exit status 0 means
normal successful completion.
Postfix version 2.3 and later support <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a>-style enhanced status
codes. If a command terminates with a non-zero exit status, and the
command output begins with an enhanced status code, this status code
takes precedence over the non-zero exit status.
A limited amount of message context is exported via environment vari-
ables. Characters that may have special meaning to the shell are
replaced with underscores. The list of acceptable characters is speci-
fied with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_expansion_filter">command_expansion_filter</a></b> configuration parameter.
<b>SHELL</b> The recipient user's login shell.
<b>HOME</b> The recipient user's home directory.
<b>USER</b> The bare recipient name.
<b>EXTENSION</b>
The optional recipient address extension.
<b>DOMAIN</b> The recipient address domain part.
<b>LOGNAME</b>
The bare recipient name.
<b>LOCAL</b> The entire recipient address localpart (text to the left of the
rightmost @ character).
<b>ORIGINAL_RECIPIENT</b>
The entire recipient address, before any address rewriting or
aliasing (Postfix 2.5 and later).
<b>RECIPIENT</b>
The entire recipient address.
<b>SENDER</b> The entire sender address.
Additional remote client information is made available via the follow-
ing environment variables:
<b>CLIENT_ADDRESS</b>
Remote client network address. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
<b>CLIENT_HELO</b>
Remote client EHLO command parameter. Available as of Postfix
2.2.
<b>CLIENT_HOSTNAME</b>
Remote client hostname. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
<b>CLIENT_PROTOCOL</b>
Remote client protocol. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
<b>SASL_METHOD</b>
SASL authentication method specified in the remote client AUTH
command. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
<b>SASL_SENDER</b>
SASL sender address specified in the remote client MAIL FROM
command. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
<b>SASL_USERNAME</b>
SASL username specified in the remote client AUTH command.
Available as of Postfix 2.2.
The <b>PATH</b> environment variable is always reset to a system-dependent
default path, and environment variables whose names are blessed by the
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#export_environment">export_environment</a></b> configuration parameter are exported unchanged.
The current working directory is the mail queue directory.
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon prepends a "<b>From</b> <i>sender time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>" envelope header
to each message, prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with the recipient
address as given to Postfix, prepends an optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header
with the final recipient envelope address, prepends a <b>Return-Path:</b>
header with the sender envelope address, and appends no empty line.
<b>EXTERNAL FILE DELIVERY</b>
The delivery format depends on the destination filename syntax. The
default is to use UNIX-style mailbox format. Specify a name ending in
<b>/</b> for <b>qmail</b>-compatible <b>maildir</b> delivery.
The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a></b> configuration parameter restricts delivery to
external files. The default setting (<b>alias, forward</b>) forbids file des-
tinations in <b>:include:</b> files.
In the case of UNIX-style mailbox delivery, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon
prepends a "<b>From</b> <i>sender time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>" envelope header to each message,
prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with the recipient address as given
to Postfix, prepends an optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final
recipient envelope address, prepends a > character to lines beginning
with "<b>From</b> ", and appends an empty line. The envelope sender address
is available in the <b>Return-Path:</b> header. When the destination is a
regular file, it is locked for exclusive access while delivery is in
progress. In case of problems, an attempt is made to truncate a regular
file to its original length.
In the case of <b>maildir</b> delivery, the local daemon prepends an optional
<b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final envelope recipient address, and
prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with the recipient address as given
to Postfix. The envelope sender address is available in the
<b>Return-Path:</b> header.
<b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
The optional <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a></b> configuration parameter specifies how
to separate address extensions from local recipient names.
For example, with "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> = +</b>", mail for <i>name</i>+<i>foo</i> is
delivered to the alias <i>name</i>+<i>foo</i> or to the alias <i>name</i>, to the destina-
tions listed in ~<i>name</i>/.<b>forward</b>+<i>foo</i> or in ~<i>name</i>/.<b>forward</b>, to the mailbox
owned by the user <i>name</i>, or it is sent back as undeliverable.
<b>DELIVERY RIGHTS</b>
Deliveries to external files and external commands are made with the
rights of the receiving user on whose behalf the delivery is made. In
the absence of a user context, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon uses the owner
rights of the <b>:include:</b> file or alias database. When those files are
owned by the superuser, delivery is made with the rights specified with
the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a></b> configuration parameter.
<b>STANDARDS</b>
<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822">RFC 822</a> (ARPA Internet Text Messages)
<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a> (Enhanced status codes)
<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
Problems and transactions are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8) or <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>.
Corrupted message files are marked so that the queue manager can move
them to the <b>corrupt</b> queue afterwards.
Depending on the setting of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a></b> parameter, the postmas-
ter is notified of bounces and of other trouble.
<b>SECURITY</b>
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent needs a dual personality 1) to access the
private Postfix queue and IPC mechanisms, 2) to impersonate the recipi-
ent and deliver to recipient-specified files or commands. It is there-
fore security sensitive.
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent disallows regular expression substitution
of $1 etc. in <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>, because that would open a security hole.
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent will silently ignore requests to use the
<a href="proxymap.8.html"><b>proxymap</b>(8)</a> server within <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>. Instead it will open the table
directly. Before Postfix version 2.2, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent will
terminate with a fatal error.
<b>BUGS</b>
For security reasons, the message delivery status of external commands
or of external files is never checkpointed to file. As a result, the
program may occasionally deliver more than once to a command or exter-
nal file. Better safe than sorry.
Mutually-recursive aliases or ~/.<b>forward</b> files are not detected early.
The resulting mail forwarding loop is broken by the use of the <b>Deliv-</b>
<b>ered-To:</b> message header.
<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
Changes to <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> are picked up automatically, as <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> processes
run for only a limited amount of time. Use the command "<b>postfix reload</b>"
to speed up a change.
The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for
more details including examples.
<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#biff">biff</a> (yes)</b>
Whether or not to use the local <a href="postconf.5.html#biff">biff</a> service.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#expand_owner_alias">expand_owner_alias</a> (no)</b>
When delivering to an alias "<i>aliasname</i>" that has an
"owner-<i>aliasname</i>" companion alias, set the envelope sender
address to the expansion of the "owner-<i>aliasname</i>" alias.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a> (yes)</b>
Enable special treatment for owner-<i>listname</i> entries in the
<a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> file, and don't split owner-<i>listname</i> and <i>list-</i>
<i>name</i>-request address localparts when the <a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> is
set to "-".
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#sun_mailtool_compatibility">sun_mailtool_compatibility</a> (no)</b>
Obsolete SUN mailtool compatibility feature.
Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#frozen_delivered_to">frozen_delivered_to</a> (yes)</b>
Update the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent's idea of the Delivered-To:
address (see <a href="postconf.5.html#prepend_delivered_header">prepend_delivered_header</a>) only once, at the start
of a delivery attempt; do not update the Delivered-To: address
while expanding aliases or .forward files.
Available in Postfix version 2.5.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#strict_mailbox_ownership">strict_mailbox_ownership</a> (yes)</b>
Defer delivery when a mailbox file is not owned by its recipi-
ent.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#reset_owner_alias">reset_owner_alias</a> (no)</b>
Reset the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent's idea of the owner-alias
attribute, when delivering mail to a child alias that does not
have its own owner alias.
Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_delivery_status_filter">local_delivery_status_filter</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_delivery_status_filter">default_delivery_status_filter</a>)</b>
Optional filter for the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent to change the
status code or explanatory text of successful or unsuccessful
deliveries.
<b>DELIVERY METHOD CONTROLS</b>
The precedence of <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery methods from high to low is:
aliases, .forward files, <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mailbox_transport_maps</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mailbox_transport</a>,
<a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_direc</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">tory</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">fallback_transport_maps</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a>, and <a href="postconf.5.html#luser_relay">luser_relay</a>.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The alias databases that are used for <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent search list for finding a .forward
file with user-specified delivery methods.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mailbox_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
Optional lookup tables with per-recipient message delivery
transports to use for <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mailbox delivery, whether or not
the recipients are found in the UNIX passwd database.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mailbox_transport</a> (empty)</b>
Optional message delivery transport that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery
agent should use for mailbox delivery to all local recipients,
whether or not they are found in the UNIX passwd database.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a> (empty)</b>
Optional lookup tables with per-recipient external commands to
use for <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mailbox delivery.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a> (empty)</b>
Optional external command that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent
should use for mailbox delivery.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a> (empty)</b>
Optional pathname of a mailbox file relative to a <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
user's home directory.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The directory where <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> UNIX-style mailboxes are kept.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">fallback_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
Optional lookup tables with per-recipient message delivery
transports for recipients that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent could
not find in the <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> or UNIX password database.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a> (empty)</b>
Optional message delivery transport that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery
agent should use for names that are not found in the <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a>
or UNIX password database.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#luser_relay">luser_relay</a> (empty)</b>
Optional catch-all destination for unknown <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> recipients.
Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a> (empty)</b>
The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent working directory for delivery to
external commands.
<b>MAILBOX LOCKING CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#deliver_lock_attempts">deliver_lock_attempts</a> (20)</b>
The maximal number of attempts to acquire an exclusive lock on a
mailbox file or <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> logfile.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#deliver_lock_delay">deliver_lock_delay</a> (1s)</b>
The time between attempts to acquire an exclusive lock on a
mailbox file or <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> logfile.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#stale_lock_time">stale_lock_time</a> (500s)</b>
The time after which a stale exclusive mailbox lockfile is
removed.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_delivery_lock">mailbox_delivery_lock</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
How to lock a UNIX-style <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mailbox before attempting
delivery.
<b>RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_time_limit">command_time_limit</a> (1000s)</b>
Time limit for delivery to external commands.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#duplicate_filter_limit">duplicate_filter_limit</a> (1000)</b>
The maximal number of addresses remembered by the address dupli-
cate filter for <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> or <a href="virtual.5.html"><b>virtual</b>(5)</a> alias expansion, or for
<a href="showq.8.html"><b>showq</b>(8)</a> queue displays.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_size_limit">mailbox_size_limit</a> (51200000)</b>
The maximal size of any <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> individual mailbox or maildir
file, or zero (no limit).
Implemented in the <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a> daemon:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_concurrency_limit">local_destination_concurrency_limit</a> (2)</b>
The maximal number of parallel deliveries via the local mail
delivery transport to the same recipient (when "<a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">local_destina</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">tion_recipient_limit</a> = 1") or the maximal number of parallel
deliveries to the same local domain (when "<a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">local_destina</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">tion_recipient_limit</a> > 1").
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">local_destination_recipient_limit</a> (1)</b>
The maximal number of recipients per message delivery via the
local mail delivery transport.
<b>SECURITY CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a> (alias, forward)</b>
Restrict <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mail delivery to external commands.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a> (alias, forward)</b>
Restrict <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mail delivery to external files.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_expansion_filter">command_expansion_filter</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
Restrict the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent allows
in $name expansions of $<a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a> and $<a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execu</a>-
<a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">tion_directory</a>.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a> (nobody)</b>
The default rights used by the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent for
delivery to an external file or command.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_expansion_filter">forward_expansion_filter</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
Restrict the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent allows
in $name expansions of $<a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a>.
Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#execution_directory_expansion_filter">execution_directory_expansion_filter</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
Restrict the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent allows
in $name expansions of $<a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a>.
Available in Postfix version 2.5.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#strict_mailbox_ownership">strict_mailbox_ownership</a> (yes)</b>
Defer delivery when a mailbox file is not owned by its recipi-
ent.
<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
figuration files.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout</a> (18000s)</b>
How much time a Postfix daemon process may take to handle a
request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_logging_resolution_limit">delay_logging_resolution_limit</a> (2)</b>
The maximal number of digits after the decimal point when log-
ging sub-second delay values.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#export_environment">export_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The list of environment variables that a Postfix process will
export to non-Postfix processes.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout</a> (3600s)</b>
The time limit for sending or receiving information over an
internal communication channel.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_command_shell">local_command_shell</a> (empty)</b>
Optional shell program for <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery to non-Postfix com-
mands.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process
waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon
process will service before terminating voluntarily.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#prepend_delivered_header">prepend_delivered_header</a> (command, file, forward)</b>
The message delivery contexts where the Postfix <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> deliv-
ery agent prepends a Delivered-To: message header with the
address that the mail was delivered to.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a> (canonical, virtual)</b>
What address lookup tables copy an address extension from the
lookup key to the lookup result.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> (empty)</b>
The set of characters that can separate an email address local-
part, user name, or a .forward file name from its extension.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#require_home_directory">require_home_directory</a> (no)</b>
Require that a <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> recipient's home directory exists before
mail delivery is attempted.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog
records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".
Available in Postfix version 3.3 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_original_recipient">enable_original_recipient</a> (yes)</b>
Enable support for the original recipient address after an
address is rewritten to a different address (for example with
aliasing or with canonical mapping).
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b>
The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process.
Available in Postfix 3.5 and later:
<b><a href="postconf.5.html#info_log_address_format">info_log_address_format</a> (external)</b>
The email address form that will be used in non-debug logging
(info, warning, etc.).
<b>FILES</b>
The following are examples; details differ between systems.
$HOME/.forward, per-user aliasing
/etc/aliases, system-wide alias database
/var/spool/mail, system mailboxes
<b>SEE ALSO</b>
<a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, queue manager
<a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, delivery status reports
<a href="newaliases.1.html">newaliases(1)</a>, create/update alias database
<a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a>, create/update alias database
<a href="aliases.5.html">aliases(5)</a>, format of alias database
<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
<a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, generic daemon options
<a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging
syslogd(8), system logging
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
<b>HISTORY</b>
The <b>Delivered-To:</b> message header appears in the <b>qmail</b> system by Daniel
Bernstein.
The <i>maildir</i> structure appears in the <b>qmail</b> system by Daniel Bernstein.
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
Wietse Venema
Google, Inc.
111 8th Avenue
New York, NY 10011, USA
LOCAL(8)
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