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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html> <head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title> Postfix manual - smtp(8) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
SMTP(8)                                                                SMTP(8)

<b>NAME</b>
       smtp - Postfix SMTP+LMTP client

<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
       <b>smtp</b> [generic Postfix daemon options] [flags=DORX]

<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
       The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client implements the SMTP and LMTP mail delivery
       protocols. It processes message delivery requests from the  queue  man-
       ager.  Each  request specifies a queue file, a sender address, a domain
       or host to deliver to, and recipient information.  This program expects
       to be run from the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> process manager.

       The  SMTP+LMTP  client  updates  the queue file and marks recipients as
       finished, or it informs the queue manager that delivery should be tried
       again  at  a  later  time.  Delivery  status  reports  are  sent to the
       <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a> or <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemon as appropriate.

       The SMTP+LMTP client looks up a list of mail  exchanger  addresses  for
       the  destination  host,  sorts  the list by preference, and connects to
       each listed address until it finds a server that responds.

       When a server is not reachable, or when mail delivery fails  due  to  a
       recoverable  error  condition, the SMTP+LMTP client will try to deliver
       the mail to an alternate host.

       After a successful mail transaction, a connection may be saved  to  the
       <a href="scache.8.html"><b>scache</b>(8)</a>  connection  cache  server,  so  that  it  may be used by any
       SMTP+LMTP client for a subsequent transaction.

       By default, connection caching is enabled temporarily for  destinations
       that have a high volume of mail in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>. Connection caching
       can be enabled permanently for specific destinations.

<b>SMTP DESTINATION SYNTAX</b>
       The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client supports multiple  destinations  separated
       by comma or whitespace (Postfix 3.5 and later).  SMTP destinations have
       the following form:

       <i>domainname</i>

       <i>domainname</i>:<i>port</i>
              Look up the mail exchangers for the specified domain,  and  con-
              nect to the specified port (default: <b>smtp</b>).

       [<i>hostname</i>]

       [<i>hostname</i>]:<i>port</i>
              Look  up  the  address(es) of the specified host, and connect to
              the specified port (default: <b>smtp</b>).

       [<i>address</i>]

       [<i>address</i>]:<i>port</i>
              Connect to the host at the specified address, and connect to the
              specified  port (default: <b>smtp</b>). An IPv6 address must be format-
              ted as [<b>ipv6</b>:<i>address</i>].

<b>LMTP DESTINATION SYNTAX</b>
       The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client supports multiple  destinations  separated
       by comma or whitespace (Postfix 3.5 and later).  LMTP destinations have
       the following form:

       <b>unix</b>:<i>pathname</i>
              Connect to the local UNIX-domain server that  is  bound  to  the
              specified  <i>pathname</i>.  If  the process runs chrooted, an absolute
              pathname is interpreted relative to the Postfix queue directory.

       <b>inet</b>:<i>hostname</i>

       <b>inet</b>:<i>hostname</i>:<i>port</i>

       <b>inet</b>:[<i>address</i>]

       <b>inet</b>:[<i>address</i>]:<i>port</i>
              Connect  to  the  specified  TCP  port on the specified local or
              remote host. If no  port  is  specified,  connect  to  the  port
              defined  as  <b>lmtp</b>  in <b>services</b>(4).  If no such service is found,
              the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_tcp_port">lmtp_tcp_port</a></b> configuration parameter (default value of  24)
              will   be   used.    An   IPv6  address  must  be  formatted  as
              [<b>ipv6</b>:<i>address</i>].

<b>SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY</b>
       By default, the Postfix SMTP+LMTP  client  delivers  mail  to  multiple
       recipients  per delivery request. This is undesirable when prepending a
       <b>Delivered-to:</b> or <b>X-Original-To:</b> message header. To prevent Postfix from
       sending multiple recipients per delivery request, specify

           <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_destination_recipient_limit"><i>transport</i>_destination_recipient_limit</a> = 1</b>

       in  the  Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> file, where <i>transport</i> is the name in the first
       column of the Postfix <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> entry for this mail delivery service.

<b>COMMAND ATTRIBUTE SYNTAX</b>
       <b>flags=DORX</b> (optional)
              Optional message processing flags.

              <b>D</b>      Prepend a "<b>Delivered-To:</b> <i>recipient</i>" message  header  with
                     the  envelope  recipient address. Note: for this to work,
                     the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_destination_recipient_limit"><i>transport</i>_destination_recipient_limit</a></b> must be 1  (see
                     SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY above for details).

                     The  <b>D</b>  flag  also  enforces loop detection: if a message
                     already contains a <b>Delivered-To:</b>  header  with  the  same
                     recipient  address, then the message is returned as unde-
                     liverable. The address comparison is case insensitive.

                     This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5.

              <b>O</b>      Prepend an "<b>X-Original-To:</b> <i>recipient</i>" message header with
                     the recipient address as given to Postfix. Note: for this
                     to work, the  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_destination_recipient_limit"><i>transport</i>_destination_recipient_limit</a></b>  must
                     be 1 (see SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY above for details).

                     This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5.

              <b>R</b>      Prepend a "<b>Return-Path:</b> &lt;<i>sender</i>&gt;" message header with the
                     envelope sender address.

                     This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5.

              <b>X</b>      Indicates that the delivery is final. This  flag  affects
                     the  status  reported  in  "success" DSN (delivery status
                     notification) messages, and  changes  it  from  "relayed"
                     into "delivered".

                     This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5.

<b>SECURITY</b>
       The SMTP+LMTP client is moderately security-sensitive. It
       talks to SMTP or LMTP servers and to DNS servers on the
       network. The SMTP+LMTP client can be run chrooted at fixed
       low privilege.

<b>STANDARDS</b>
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc821">RFC 821</a> (SMTP protocol)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822">RFC 822</a> (ARPA Internet Text Messages)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1651">RFC 1651</a> (SMTP service extensions)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1652">RFC 1652</a> (8bit-MIME transport)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1870">RFC 1870</a> (Message Size Declaration)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2033">RFC 2033</a> (LMTP protocol)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2034">RFC 2034</a> (SMTP Enhanced Error Codes)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2045">RFC 2045</a> (MIME: Format of Internet Message Bodies)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2046">RFC 2046</a> (MIME: Media Types)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2554">RFC 2554</a> (AUTH command)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2821">RFC 2821</a> (SMTP protocol)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2920">RFC 2920</a> (SMTP Pipelining)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3207">RFC 3207</a> (STARTTLS command)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3461">RFC 3461</a> (SMTP DSN Extension)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a> (Enhanced Status Codes)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4954">RFC 4954</a> (AUTH command)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5321">RFC 5321</a> (SMTP protocol)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531">RFC 6531</a> (Internationalized SMTP)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6533">RFC 6533</a> (Internationalized Delivery Status Notifications)
       <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7672">RFC 7672</a> (SMTP security via opportunistic DANE TLS)

<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
       Problems  and  transactions  are  logged  to <b>syslogd</b>(8) or <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>.
       Corrupted message files are marked so that the queue manager  can  move
       them to the <b>corrupt</b> queue for further inspection.

       Depending  on the setting of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a></b> parameter, the postmas-
       ter is notified of bounces, protocol problems, and of other trouble.

<b>BUGS</b>
       SMTP and LMTP connection reuse for TLS (without  closing  the  SMTP  or
       LMTP connection) is not supported before Postfix 3.4.

       SMTP  and LMTP connection reuse assumes that SASL credentials are valid
       for all destinations that map onto the same IP address and TCP port.

<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
       Before Postfix version 2.3, the LMTP client is a separate program  that
       implements  only  a  subset  of  the functionality available with SMTP:
       there is no support for TLS, and  connections  are  cached  in-process,
       making it ineffective when the client is used for multiple domains.

       Most smtp_<i>xxx</i> configuration parameters have an lmtp_<i>xxx</i> "mirror" param-
       eter for the equivalent LMTP  feature.  This  document  describes  only
       those LMTP-related parameters that aren't simply "mirror" parameters.

       Changes  to  <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a>  are picked up automatically, as <a href="smtp.8.html"><b>smtp</b>(8)</a> processes
       run for only a limited amount of time. Use the command "<b>postfix reload</b>"
       to speed up a change.

       The  text  below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for
       more details including examples.

<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#ignore_mx_lookup_error">ignore_mx_lookup_error</a> (no)</b>
              Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_always_send_ehlo">smtp_always_send_ehlo</a> (yes)</b>
              Always send EHLO at the start of an SMTP session.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_never_send_ehlo">smtp_never_send_ehlo</a> (no)</b>
              Never send EHLO at the start of an SMTP session.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_defer_if_no_mx_address_found">smtp_defer_if_no_mx_address_found</a> (no)</b>
              Defer mail delivery when no MX record resolves to an IP address.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_line_length_limit">smtp_line_length_limit</a> (998)</b>
              The maximal length of message header and body lines that Postfix
              will send via SMTP.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_pix_workaround_delay_time">smtp_pix_workaround_delay_time</a> (10s)</b>
              How  long  the  Postfix  SMTP  client  pauses   before   sending
              ".&lt;CR&gt;&lt;LF&gt;"   in   order   to   work  around  the  PIX  firewall
              "&lt;CR&gt;&lt;LF&gt;.&lt;CR&gt;&lt;LF&gt;" bug.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_pix_workaround_threshold_time">smtp_pix_workaround_threshold_time</a> (500s)</b>
              How long a message must be queued before the Postfix SMTP client
              turns on the PIX firewall "&lt;CR&gt;&lt;LF&gt;.&lt;CR&gt;&lt;LF&gt;" bug workaround for
              delivery through firewalls with "smtp fixup" mode turned on.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_pix_workarounds">smtp_pix_workarounds</a> (disable_esmtp, delay_dotcrlf)</b>
              A list that specifies zero or more  workarounds  for  CISCO  PIX
              firewall bugs.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_pix_workaround_maps">smtp_pix_workaround_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Lookup  tables,  indexed by the remote SMTP server address, with
              per-destination workarounds for CISCO PIX firewall bugs.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_quote_rfc821_envelope">smtp_quote_rfc821_envelope</a> (yes)</b>
              Quote addresses in Postfix SMTP client MAIL  FROM  and  RCPT  TO
              commands as required by <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5321">RFC 5321</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_reply_filter">smtp_reply_filter</a> (empty)</b>
              A  mechanism  to  transform replies from remote SMTP servers one
              line at a time.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_skip_5xx_greeting">smtp_skip_5xx_greeting</a> (yes)</b>
              Skip remote SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_skip_quit_response">smtp_skip_quit_response</a> (yes)</b>
              Do not wait for the response to the SMTP QUIT command.

       Available in Postfix version 2.0 and earlier:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_skip_4xx_greeting">smtp_skip_4xx_greeting</a> (yes)</b>
              Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 4XX status  code  (go  away,
              try again later).

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_discard_ehlo_keyword_address_maps">smtp_discard_ehlo_keyword_address_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Lookup  tables,  indexed by the remote SMTP server address, with
              case insensitive lists of EHLO keywords  (pipelining,  starttls,
              auth, etc.) that the Postfix SMTP client will ignore in the EHLO
              response from a remote SMTP server.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_discard_ehlo_keywords">smtp_discard_ehlo_keywords</a> (empty)</b>
              A case insensitive list of EHLO keywords (pipelining,  starttls,
              auth, etc.) that the Postfix SMTP client will ignore in the EHLO
              response from a remote SMTP server.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_generic_maps">smtp_generic_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional lookup tables that perform  address  rewriting  in  the
              Postfix  SMTP  client,  typically  to  transform a locally valid
              address into a globally valid address when sending  mail  across
              the Internet.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2.9 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_cname_overrides_servername">smtp_cname_overrides_servername</a> (version dependent)</b>
              When  the  remote  SMTP  servername  is a DNS CNAME, replace the
              servername with the result from CNAME expansion for the  purpose
              of  logging,  SASL password lookup, TLS policy decisions, or TLS
              certificate verification.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_discard_lhlo_keyword_address_maps">lmtp_discard_lhlo_keyword_address_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Lookup tables, indexed by the remote LMTP server  address,  with
              case  insensitive  lists of LHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls,
              auth, etc.) that the Postfix LMTP client will ignore in the LHLO
              response from a remote LMTP server.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_discard_lhlo_keywords">lmtp_discard_lhlo_keywords</a> (empty)</b>
              A  case insensitive list of LHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls,
              auth, etc.) that the Postfix LMTP client will ignore in the LHLO
              response from a remote LMTP server.

       Available in Postfix version 2.4.4 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#send_cyrus_sasl_authzid">send_cyrus_sasl_authzid</a> (no)</b>
              When  authenticating  to  a  remote SMTP or LMTP server with the
              default setting "no", send no SASL authoriZation  ID  (authzid);
              send  only  the  SASL authentiCation ID (authcid) plus the auth-
              cid's password.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_header_checks">smtp_header_checks</a> (empty)</b>
              Restricted <a href="header_checks.5.html"><b>header_checks</b>(5)</a> tables for the Postfix SMTP  client.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_mime_header_checks">smtp_mime_header_checks</a> (empty)</b>
              Restricted  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mime_header_checks">mime_header_checks</a></b>(5)  tables  for  the Postfix SMTP
              client.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_nested_header_checks">smtp_nested_header_checks</a> (empty)</b>
              Restricted <b><a href="postconf.5.html#nested_header_checks">nested_header_checks</a></b>(5) tables for the  Postfix  SMTP
              client.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_body_checks">smtp_body_checks</a> (empty)</b>
              Restricted <a href="header_checks.5.html"><b>body_checks</b>(5)</a> tables for the Postfix SMTP client.

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tcp_windowsize">tcp_windowsize</a> (0)</b>
              An  optional  workaround for routers that break TCP window scal-
              ing.

       Available in Postfix version 2.8 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_dns_resolver_options">smtp_dns_resolver_options</a> (empty)</b>
              DNS Resolver options for the Postfix SMTP client.

       Available in Postfix version 2.9 - 3.6:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_record_deadline">smtp_per_record_deadline</a> (no)</b>
              Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time  limits,  from  a
              time  limit  per  read  or write system call, to a time limit to
              send or receive a complete record (an SMTP  command  line,  SMTP
              response  line,  SMTP message content line, or TLS protocol mes-
              sage).

       Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth">smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth</a> (no)</b>
              Whether or not to append the "AUTH=&lt;&gt;" option to the  MAIL  FROM
              command in SASL-authenticated SMTP sessions.

       Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_dns_support_level">smtp_dns_support_level</a> (empty)</b>
              Level of DNS support in the Postfix SMTP client.

       Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_delivery_status_filter">smtp_delivery_status_filter</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_delivery_status_filter">default_delivery_status_filter</a>)</b>
              Optional  filter  for  the  <a href="smtp.8.html"><b>smtp</b>(8)</a> delivery agent to change the
              delivery status code or explanatory text of successful or unsuc-
              cessful deliveries.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_dns_reply_filter">smtp_dns_reply_filter</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional filter for Postfix SMTP client DNS lookup results.

       Available in Postfix version 3.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_balance_inet_protocols">smtp_balance_inet_protocols</a> (yes)</b>
              When  a remote destination resolves to a combination of IPv4 and
              IPv6 addresses, ensure that the Postfix SMTP client can try both
              address types before it runs into the <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_mx_address_limit">smtp_mx_address_limit</a>.

       Available in Postfix 3.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#info_log_address_format">info_log_address_format</a> (external)</b>
              The  email  address  form that will be used in non-debug logging
              (info, warning, etc.).

       Available in Postfix 3.6 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#dnssec_probe">dnssec_probe</a> (ns:.)</b>
              The DNS query type (default: "ns") and DNS query name  (default:
              ".") that Postfix may use to determine whether DNSSEC validation
              is available.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#known_tcp_ports">known_tcp_ports</a>  (lmtp=24,  smtp=25,   smtps=submissions=465,   submis-</b>
       <b>sion=587)</b>
              Optional setting that avoids lookups in  the  <b>services</b>(5)  data-
              base.

       Available in Postfix version 3.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_request_deadline">smtp_per_request_deadline</a> (no)</b>
              Change  the  behavior  of the smtp_*_timeout time limits, from a
              time limit per plaintext or TLS read or write call,  to  a  com-
              bined  time  limit  for  sending a complete SMTP request and for
              receiving a complete SMTP response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_min_data_rate">smtp_min_data_rate</a> (500)</b>
              The minimum plaintext data transfer  rate  in  bytes/second  for
              DATA    requests,    when    deadlines    are    enabled    with
              <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_request_deadline">smtp_per_request_deadline</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#header_from_format">header_from_format</a> (standard)</b>
              The format of the Postfix-generated <b>From:</b> header.

<b>MIME PROCESSING CONTROLS</b>
       Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#disable_mime_output_conversion">disable_mime_output_conversion</a> (no)</b>
              Disable the conversion of 8BITMIME format to 7BIT format.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mime_boundary_length_limit">mime_boundary_length_limit</a> (2048)</b>
              The maximal length of MIME multipart boundary strings.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mime_nesting_limit">mime_nesting_limit</a> (100)</b>
              The maximal recursion level that the MIME processor will handle.

<b>EXTERNAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS</b>
       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_send_xforward_command">smtp_send_xforward_command</a> (no)</b>
              Send  the  non-standard  XFORWARD  command when the Postfix SMTP
              server EHLO response announces XFORWARD support.

<b>SASL AUTHENTICATION CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_auth_enable">smtp_sasl_auth_enable</a> (no)</b>
              Enable SASL authentication in the Postfix SMTP client.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_password_maps">smtp_sasl_password_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional Postfix  SMTP  client  lookup  tables  with  one  user-
              name:password  entry  per  sender,  remote  hostname or next-hop
              domain.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_security_options">smtp_sasl_security_options</a> (noplaintext, noanonymous)</b>
              Postfix SMTP client SASL security options; as of Postfix 2.3 the
              list  of available features depends on the SASL client implemen-
              tation that is selected with <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_type">smtp_sasl_type</a></b>.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter">smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter</a> (empty)</b>
              If non-empty, a Postfix SMTP client filter for the  remote  SMTP
              server's list of offered SASL mechanisms.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sender_dependent_authentication">smtp_sender_dependent_authentication</a> (no)</b>
              Enable  sender-dependent  authentication  in  the  Postfix  SMTP
              client; this is available only  with  SASL  authentication,  and
              disables  SMTP  connection caching to ensure that mail from dif-
              ferent senders will use the appropriate credentials.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_path">smtp_sasl_path</a> (empty)</b>
              Implementation-specific information that the Postfix SMTP client
              passes  through  to  the  SASL  plug-in  implementation  that is
              selected with <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_type">smtp_sasl_type</a></b>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_type">smtp_sasl_type</a> (cyrus)</b>
              The SASL plug-in type that the Postfix SMTP  client  should  use
              for authentication.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name">smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name</a> (empty)</b>
              An  optional table to prevent repeated SASL authentication fail-
              ures with the same remote SMTP  server  hostname,  username  and
              password.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_auth_cache_time">smtp_sasl_auth_cache_time</a> (90d)</b>
              The  maximal age of an <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name">smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name</a> entry before it
              is removed.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_auth_soft_bounce">smtp_sasl_auth_soft_bounce</a> (yes)</b>
              When a remote SMTP server rejects a SASL authentication  request
              with  a 535 reply code, defer mail delivery instead of returning
              mail as undeliverable.

       Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth">smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth</a> (no)</b>
              Whether or not to append the "AUTH=&lt;&gt;" option to the  MAIL  FROM
              command in SASL-authenticated SMTP sessions.

<b>STARTTLS SUPPORT CONTROLS</b>
       Detailed  information  about STARTTLS configuration may be found in the
       <a href="TLS_README.html">TLS_README</a> document.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_security_level">smtp_tls_security_level</a> (empty)</b>
              The default SMTP TLS security level for the Postfix SMTP client;
              when a non-empty value is specified, this overrides the obsolete
              parameters       <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_use_tls">smtp_use_tls</a>,       <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_enforce_tls">smtp_enforce_tls</a>,       and
              <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_enforce_peername">smtp_tls_enforce_peername</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_tls_security_options">smtp_sasl_tls_security_options</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_security_options">smtp_sasl_security_options</a>)</b>
              The  SASL  authentication security options that the Postfix SMTP
              client uses for TLS encrypted SMTP sessions.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_starttls_timeout">smtp_starttls_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              Time limit for Postfix SMTP client  write  and  read  operations
              during TLS startup and shutdown handshake procedures.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_CAfile">smtp_tls_CAfile</a> (empty)</b>
              A  file  containing  CA certificates of root CAs trusted to sign
              either remote SMTP server certificates or intermediate  CA  cer-
              tificates.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_CApath">smtp_tls_CApath</a> (empty)</b>
              Directory  with  PEM format Certification Authority certificates
              that the Postfix SMTP client uses to verify a remote SMTP server
              certificate.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_cert_file">smtp_tls_cert_file</a> (empty)</b>
              File with the Postfix SMTP client RSA certificate in PEM format.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers">smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers</a> (medium)</b>
              The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP  client  will
              use with mandatory TLS encryption.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers">smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers</a> (empty)</b>
              List of ciphers or cipher types to exclude from the Postfix SMTP
              client cipher list at all TLS security levels.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers">smtp_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers</a> (empty)</b>
              Additional list of ciphers or cipher types to exclude  from  the
              Postfix  SMTP  client cipher list at mandatory TLS security lev-
              els.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_dcert_file">smtp_tls_dcert_file</a> (empty)</b>
              File with the Postfix SMTP client DSA certificate in PEM format.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_dkey_file">smtp_tls_dkey_file</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_dcert_file">smtp_tls_dcert_file</a>)</b>
              File with the Postfix SMTP client DSA private key in PEM format.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_key_file">smtp_tls_key_file</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_cert_file">smtp_tls_cert_file</a>)</b>
              File with the Postfix SMTP client RSA private key in PEM format.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_loglevel">smtp_tls_loglevel</a> (0)</b>
              Enable additional Postfix SMTP client logging of TLS activity.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer">smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer</a> (no)</b>
              Log  the  hostname of a remote SMTP server that offers STARTTLS,
              when TLS is not already enabled for that server.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_policy_maps">smtp_tls_policy_maps</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional lookup tables with the Postfix SMTP client TLS security
              policy by next-hop destination; when a non-empty value is speci-
              fied, this overrides the obsolete <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_per_site">smtp_tls_per_site</a> parameter.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols">smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              TLS protocols that the Postfix SMTP client will use with  manda-
              tory TLS encryption.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_scert_verifydepth">smtp_tls_scert_verifydepth</a> (9)</b>
              The verification depth for remote SMTP server certificates.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_secure_cert_match">smtp_tls_secure_cert_match</a> (nexthop, dot-nexthop)</b>
              How  the  Postfix  SMTP  client  verifies the server certificate
              peername for the "secure" TLS security level.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_session_cache_database">smtp_tls_session_cache_database</a> (empty)</b>
              Name of the file containing the optional Postfix SMTP client TLS
              session cache.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_session_cache_timeout">smtp_tls_session_cache_timeout</a> (3600s)</b>
              The  expiration  time  of  Postfix SMTP client TLS session cache
              information.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_verify_cert_match">smtp_tls_verify_cert_match</a> (hostname)</b>
              How the Postfix SMTP  client  verifies  the  server  certificate
              peername for the "verify" TLS security level.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_daemon_random_bytes">tls_daemon_random_bytes</a> (32)</b>
              The  number  of  pseudo-random bytes that an <a href="smtp.8.html"><b>smtp</b>(8)</a> or <a href="smtpd.8.html"><b>smtpd</b>(8)</a>
              process requests from the <a href="tlsmgr.8.html"><b>tlsmgr</b>(8)</a> server in order to seed  its
              internal pseudo random number generator (PRNG).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_high_cipherlist">tls_high_cipherlist</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The OpenSSL cipherlist for "high" grade ciphers.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_medium_cipherlist">tls_medium_cipherlist</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The OpenSSL cipherlist for "medium" or higher grade ciphers.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_low_cipherlist">tls_low_cipherlist</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The OpenSSL cipherlist for "low" or higher grade ciphers.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_export_cipherlist">tls_export_cipherlist</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The OpenSSL cipherlist for "export" or higher grade ciphers.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_null_cipherlist">tls_null_cipherlist</a> (eNULL:!aNULL)</b>
              The  OpenSSL  cipherlist  for  "NULL" grade ciphers that provide
              authentication without encryption.

       Available in Postfix version 2.4 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_tls_verified_security_options">smtp_sasl_tls_verified_security_options</a>           ($<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_tls_security_options">smtp_sasl_tls_secu</a>-</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_sasl_tls_security_options">rity_options</a>)</b>
              The SASL authentication security options that the  Postfix  SMTP
              client  uses  for  TLS  encrypted  SMTP sessions with a verified
              server certificate.

       Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_fingerprint_cert_match">smtp_tls_fingerprint_cert_match</a> (empty)</b>
              List of acceptable remote SMTP server  certificate  fingerprints
              for   the   "fingerprint"  TLS  security  level  (<b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_security_level">smtp_tls_secu</a>-</b>
              <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_security_level">rity_level</a></b> = fingerprint).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_fingerprint_digest">smtp_tls_fingerprint_digest</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The message digest  algorithm  used  to  construct  remote  SMTP
              server certificate fingerprints.

       Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_protocols">smtp_tls_protocols</a> (see postconf -d output)</b>
              TLS  protocols that the Postfix SMTP client will use with oppor-
              tunistic TLS encryption.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_ciphers">smtp_tls_ciphers</a> (medium)</b>
              The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP  client  will
              use with opportunistic TLS encryption.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_eccert_file">smtp_tls_eccert_file</a> (empty)</b>
              File  with the Postfix SMTP client ECDSA certificate in PEM for-
              mat.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_eckey_file">smtp_tls_eckey_file</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_eccert_file">smtp_tls_eccert_file</a>)</b>
              File with the Postfix SMTP client ECDSA private key in PEM  for-
              mat.

       Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_block_early_mail_reply">smtp_tls_block_early_mail_reply</a> (no)</b>
              Try  to  detect  a mail hijacking attack based on a TLS protocol
              vulnerability (CVE-2009-3555), where an attacker prepends  mali-
              cious  HELO,  MAIL, RCPT, DATA commands to a Postfix SMTP client
              TLS session.

       Available in Postfix version 2.8 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_disable_workarounds">tls_disable_workarounds</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              List or bit-mask of OpenSSL bug work-arounds to disable.

       Available in Postfix version 2.11-3.1:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_dane_digest_agility">tls_dane_digest_agility</a> (on)</b>
              Configure <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7671">RFC7671</a> DANE TLSA digest algorithm agility.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_dane_trust_anchor_digest_enable">tls_dane_trust_anchor_digest_enable</a> (yes)</b>
              Enable support for <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698">RFC 6698</a> (DANE TLSA) DNS records that contain
              digests of trust-anchors with certificate usage "2".

       Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_trust_anchor_file">smtp_tls_trust_anchor_file</a> (empty)</b>
              Zero  or  more  PEM-format  files with trust-anchor certificates
              and/or public keys.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_force_insecure_host_tlsa_lookup">smtp_tls_force_insecure_host_tlsa_lookup</a> (no)</b>
              Lookup the associated DANE TLSA RRset even when  a  hostname  is
              not an alias and its address records lie in an unsigned zone.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tlsmgr_service_name">tlsmgr_service_name</a> (tlsmgr)</b>
              The name of the <a href="tlsmgr.8.html"><b>tlsmgr</b>(8)</a> service entry in <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>.

       Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_wrappermode">smtp_tls_wrappermode</a> (no)</b>
              Request  that  the Postfix SMTP client connects using the legacy
              SMTPS protocol instead of using the STARTTLS command.

       Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_dane_insecure_mx_policy">smtp_tls_dane_insecure_mx_policy</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The TLS policy for MX hosts with "secure" TLSA records when  the
              nexthop  destination  security  level is <b>dane</b>, but the MX record
              was found via an "insecure" MX lookup.

       Available in Postfix version 3.4 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_connection_reuse">smtp_tls_connection_reuse</a> (no)</b>
              Try to make multiple deliveries per TLS-encrypted connection.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_chain_files">smtp_tls_chain_files</a> (empty)</b>
              List of one or more PEM files, each holding one or more  private
              keys directly followed by a corresponding certificate chain.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_servername">smtp_tls_servername</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional  name  to  send  to  the  remote SMTP server in the TLS
              Server Name Indication (SNI) extension.

       Available in Postfix 3.5, 3.4.6, 3.3.5, 3.2.10, 3.1.13 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_fast_shutdown_enable">tls_fast_shutdown_enable</a> (yes)</b>
              A workaround for implementations that hang Postfix  while  shut-
              ting down a TLS session, until Postfix times out.

       Available in Postfix 3.9, 3.8.1, 3.7.6, 3.6.10, 3.5.20 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_config_file">tls_config_file</a> (default)</b>
              Optional configuration file with baseline OpenSSL settings.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#tls_config_name">tls_config_name</a> (empty)</b>
              The  application  name passed by Postfix to OpenSSL library ini-
              tialization functions.

<b>OBSOLETE STARTTLS CONTROLS</b>
       The  following  configuration  parameters  exist for compatibility with
       Postfix versions before 2.3. Support for these will  be  removed  in  a
       future release.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_use_tls">smtp_use_tls</a> (no)</b>
              Opportunistic  mode: use TLS when a remote SMTP server announces
              STARTTLS support, otherwise send the mail in the clear.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_enforce_tls">smtp_enforce_tls</a> (no)</b>
              Enforcement mode: require  that  remote  SMTP  servers  use  TLS
              encryption, and never send mail in the clear.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_enforce_peername">smtp_tls_enforce_peername</a> (yes)</b>
              With  mandatory  TLS  encryption,  require  that the remote SMTP
              server hostname matches  the  information  in  the  remote  SMTP
              server certificate.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_per_site">smtp_tls_per_site</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional  lookup  tables  with the Postfix SMTP client TLS usage
              policy by next-hop destination and by remote SMTP  server  host-
              name.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_cipherlist">smtp_tls_cipherlist</a> (empty)</b>
              Obsolete  Postfix  &lt; 2.3 control for the Postfix SMTP client TLS
              cipher list.

<b>RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connect_timeout">smtp_connect_timeout</a> (30s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for completing a TCP  connec-
              tion, or zero (use the operating system built-in time limit).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_helo_timeout">smtp_helo_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The  Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the HELO or EHLO
              command, and  for  receiving  the  initial  remote  SMTP  server
              response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_lhlo_timeout">lmtp_lhlo_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The Postfix LMTP client time limit for sending the LHLO command,
              and for receiving the initial remote LMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_xforward_timeout">smtp_xforward_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the XFORWARD com-
              mand, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_mail_timeout">smtp_mail_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The  Postfix  SMTP  client  time limit for sending the MAIL FROM
              command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_rcpt_timeout">smtp_rcpt_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP RCPT  TO
              command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_data_init_timeout">smtp_data_init_timeout</a> (120s)</b>
              The  Postfix  SMTP  client  time limit for sending the SMTP DATA
              command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_data_xfer_timeout">smtp_data_xfer_timeout</a> (180s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP  message
              content.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_data_done_timeout">smtp_data_done_timeout</a> (600s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP ".", and
              for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_quit_timeout">smtp_quit_timeout</a> (300s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the QUIT command,
              and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_mx_address_limit">smtp_mx_address_limit</a> (5)</b>
              The  maximal number of MX (mail exchanger) IP addresses that can
              result from Postfix SMTP client mail exchanger lookups, or  zero
              (no limit).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_mx_session_limit">smtp_mx_session_limit</a> (2)</b>
              The  maximal number of SMTP sessions per delivery request before
              the Postfix SMTP client gives up  or  delivers  to  a  fall-back
              <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relay host</a>, or zero (no limit).

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_rset_timeout">smtp_rset_timeout</a> (20s)</b>
              The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the RSET command,
              and for receiving the remote SMTP server response.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and earlier:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_cache_connection">lmtp_cache_connection</a> (yes)</b>
              Keep Postfix LMTP client connections open for  up  to  $<a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a>
              seconds.

       Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connection_cache_destinations">smtp_connection_cache_destinations</a> (empty)</b>
              Permanently  enable  SMTP  connection  caching for the specified
              destinations.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connection_cache_on_demand">smtp_connection_cache_on_demand</a> (yes)</b>
              Temporarily enable SMTP connection caching while  a  destination
              has a high volume of mail in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connection_reuse_time_limit">smtp_connection_reuse_time_limit</a> (300s)</b>
              The amount of time during which Postfix will use an SMTP connec-
              tion repeatedly.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connection_cache_time_limit">smtp_connection_cache_time_limit</a> (2s)</b>
              When SMTP connection caching is enabled, the amount of time that
              an unused SMTP client socket is kept open before it is closed.

       Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#connection_cache_protocol_timeout">connection_cache_protocol_timeout</a> (5s)</b>
              Time  limit for connection cache connect, send or receive opera-
              tions.

       Available in Postfix version 2.9 - 3.6:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_record_deadline">smtp_per_record_deadline</a> (no)</b>
              Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time  limits,  from  a
              time  limit  per  read  or write system call, to a time limit to
              send or receive a complete record (an SMTP  command  line,  SMTP
              response  line,  SMTP message content line, or TLS protocol mes-
              sage).

       Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_connection_reuse_count_limit">smtp_connection_reuse_count_limit</a> (0)</b>
              When SMTP connection caching is enabled,  the  number  of  times
              that  an SMTP session may be reused before it is closed, or zero
              (no limit).

       Available in Postfix version 3.4 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tls_connection_reuse">smtp_tls_connection_reuse</a> (no)</b>
              Try to make multiple deliveries per TLS-encrypted connection.

       Available in Postfix version 3.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_request_deadline">smtp_per_request_deadline</a> (no)</b>
              Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time  limits,  from  a
              time  limit  per  plaintext or TLS read or write call, to a com-
              bined time limit for sending a complete  SMTP  request  and  for
              receiving a complete SMTP response.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_min_data_rate">smtp_min_data_rate</a> (500)</b>
              The  minimum  plaintext  data  transfer rate in bytes/second for
              DATA    requests,    when    deadlines    are    enabled    with
              <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_per_request_deadline">smtp_per_request_deadline</a>.

       Implemented in the <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a> daemon:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_destination_concurrency_limit">transport_destination_concurrency_limit</a>   ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_concur</a>-</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">rency_limit</a>)</b>
              A  transport-specific  override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_con</a>-
              <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">currency_limit</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
              name of the message delivery transport.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_destination_recipient_limit">transport_destination_recipient_limit</a>     ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recipi</a>-</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ent_limit</a>)</b>
              A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recip</a>-
              <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ient_limit</a> parameter value, where  <i>transport</i>  is  the  <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
              name of the message delivery transport.

<b>SMTPUTF8 CONTROLS</b>
       Preliminary SMTPUTF8 support is introduced with Postfix 3.0.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_enable">smtputf8_enable</a> (yes)</b>
              Enable  preliminary SMTPUTF8 support for the protocols described
              in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531">RFC 6531</a>..6533.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtputf8_autodetect_classes">smtputf8_autodetect_classes</a> (sendmail, verify)</b>
              Detect that a message requires SMTPUTF8 support for  the  speci-
              fied mail origin classes.

       Available in Postfix version 3.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#enable_idna2003_compatibility">enable_idna2003_compatibility</a> (no)</b>
              Enable   'transitional'   compatibility   between  IDNA2003  and
              IDNA2008, when converting UTF-8 domain names to/from  the  ASCII
              form that is used for DNS lookups.

<b>TROUBLE SHOOTING CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debug_peer_level">debug_peer_level</a> (2)</b>
              The  increment  in verbose logging level when a nexthop destina-
              tion, remote client or server name or network address matches  a
              pattern given with the <a href="postconf.5.html#debug_peer_list">debug_peer_list</a> parameter.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debug_peer_list">debug_peer_list</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional  list  of  nexthop destination, remote client or server
              name or network address patterns that,  if  matched,  cause  the
              verbose  logging  level  to  increase by the amount specified in
              $<a href="postconf.5.html#debug_peer_level">debug_peer_level</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#error_notice_recipient">error_notice_recipient</a> (postmaster)</b>
              The recipient of postmaster notifications  about  mail  delivery
              problems that are caused by policy, resource, software or proto-
              col errors.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#internal_mail_filter_classes">internal_mail_filter_classes</a> (empty)</b>
              What  categories  of  Postfix-generated  mail  are  subject   to
              before-queue    content    inspection    by   <a href="postconf.5.html#non_smtpd_milters">non_smtpd_milters</a>,
              <a href="postconf.5.html#header_checks">header_checks</a> and <a href="postconf.5.html#body_checks">body_checks</a>.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a> (resource, software)</b>
              The list of error classes that are reported to the postmaster.

<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#best_mx_transport">best_mx_transport</a> (empty)</b>
              Where the Postfix  SMTP  client  should  deliver  mail  when  it
              detects a "mail loops back to myself" error condition.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              The  default  location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
              figuration files.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout</a> (18000s)</b>
              How much time a Postfix daemon process  may  take  to  handle  a
              request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_logging_resolution_limit">delay_logging_resolution_limit</a> (2)</b>
              The  maximal  number of digits after the decimal point when log-
              ging sub-second delay values.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#disable_dns_lookups">disable_dns_lookups</a> (no)</b>
              Disable DNS lookups in the Postfix SMTP and LMTP clients.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> (all)</b>
              The network interface addresses that this mail  system  receives
              mail on.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_protocols">inet_protocols</a> (see 'postconf -d output')</b>
              The  Internet  protocols Postfix will attempt to use when making
              or accepting connections.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout</a> (3600s)</b>
              The time limit for sending  or  receiving  information  over  an
              internal communication channel.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_assume_final">lmtp_assume_final</a> (no)</b>
              When  a remote LMTP server announces no DSN support, assume that
              the server performs final delivery, and send "delivered"  deliv-
              ery status notifications instead of "relayed".

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_tcp_port">lmtp_tcp_port</a> (24)</b>
              The default TCP port that the Postfix LMTP client connects to.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
              The  maximum  amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process
              waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
              The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon
              process will service before terminating voluntarily.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
              The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
              The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a> (empty)</b>
              The network interface addresses that this mail  system  receives
              mail on by way of a proxy or network address translation unit.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_address_preference">smtp_address_preference</a> (any)</b>
              The address type ("ipv6", "ipv4" or "any") that the Postfix SMTP
              client will try first, when a  destination  has  IPv6  and  IPv4
              addresses with equal MX preference.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_bind_address">smtp_bind_address</a> (empty)</b>
              An  optional  numerical  network  address  that the Postfix SMTP
              client should bind to when making an IPv4 connection.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_bind_address6">smtp_bind_address6</a> (empty)</b>
              An optional numerical network  address  that  the  Postfix  SMTP
              client should bind to when making an IPv6 connection.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_helo_name">smtp_helo_name</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
              The hostname to send in the SMTP HELO or EHLO command.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_lhlo_name">lmtp_lhlo_name</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
              The hostname to send in the LMTP LHLO command.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_host_lookup">smtp_host_lookup</a> (dns)</b>
              What mechanisms the Postfix SMTP client uses to look up a host's
              IP address.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_randomize_addresses">smtp_randomize_addresses</a> (yes)</b>
              Randomize the order of equal-preference MX host addresses.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
              The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
              A prefix that  is  prepended  to  the  process  name  in  syslog
              records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".

       Available with Postfix 2.2 and earlier:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_relay">fallback_relay</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional list of relay hosts for SMTP destinations that can't be
              found or that are unreachable.

       Available with Postfix 2.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_fallback_relay">smtp_fallback_relay</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_relay">fallback_relay</a>)</b>
              Optional list of relay hosts for SMTP destinations that can't be
              found or that are unreachable.

       Available with Postfix 3.0 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_address_verify_target">smtp_address_verify_target</a> (rcpt)</b>
              In  the context of email address verification, the SMTP protocol
              stage that determines whether an email address is deliverable.

       Available with Postfix 3.1 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#lmtp_fallback_relay">lmtp_fallback_relay</a> (empty)</b>
              Optional list of relay hosts for LMTP destinations that can't be
              found or that are unreachable.

       Available with Postfix 3.2 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_tcp_port">smtp_tcp_port</a> (smtp)</b>
              The default TCP port that the Postfix SMTP client connects to.

       Available in Postfix 3.3 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b>
              The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process.

       Available in Postfix 3.7 and later:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_bind_address_enforce">smtp_bind_address_enforce</a> (no)</b>
              Defer  delivery  when  the  Postfix SMTP client cannot apply the
              <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_bind_address">smtp_bind_address</a> or <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_bind_address6">smtp_bind_address6</a> setting.

<b>SEE ALSO</b>
       <a href="generic.5.html">generic(5)</a>, output address rewriting
       <a href="header_checks.5.html">header_checks(5)</a>, message header content inspection
       <a href="header_checks.5.html">body_checks(5)</a>, body parts content inspection
       <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, queue manager
       <a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, delivery status reports
       <a href="scache.8.html">scache(8)</a>, connection cache server
       <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
       <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, generic daemon options
       <a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, process manager
       <a href="tlsmgr.8.html">tlsmgr(8)</a>, TLS session and PRNG management
       <a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging
       syslogd(8), system logging

<b>README FILES</b>
       <a href="SASL_README.html">SASL_README</a>, Postfix SASL howto
       <a href="TLS_README.html">TLS_README</a>, Postfix STARTTLS howto

<b>LICENSE</b>
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

       Wietse Venema
       Google, Inc.
       111 8th Avenue
       New York, NY 10011, USA

       Command pipelining in cooperation with:
       Jon Ribbens
       Oaktree Internet Solutions Ltd.,
       Internet House,
       Canal Basin,
       Coventry,
       CV1 4LY, United Kingdom.

       SASL support originally by:
       Till Franke
       SuSE Rhein/Main AG
       65760 Eschborn, Germany

       TLS support originally by:
       Lutz Jaenicke
       BTU Cottbus
       Allgemeine Elektrotechnik
       Universitaetsplatz 3-4
       D-03044 Cottbus, Germany

       Revised TLS and SMTP connection cache support by:
       Victor Duchovni
       Morgan Stanley

                                                                       SMTP(8)
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