Adding upstream version 1:4.13+dfsg1.upstream/1%4.13+dfsg1upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

9 files changed, 1309 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ac8f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: faillog
+.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual:  File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuratio"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+faillog \- 登录失败的日志文件
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+/var/log/faillog
+maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account\&.
+.PP
+The file contains fixed length records, indexed by numerical UID\&. Each record contains the count of login failures since the last successful login; the maximum number of failures before the account is disabled; the line on which the last login failure occurred; the date of the last login failure; and the duration (in seconds) during which the account will be locked after a failure\&.
+.PP
+文件的结构是：
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+struct	faillog {
+	short   fail_cnt;
+	short   fail_max;
+	char    fail_line[12];
+	time_t  fail_time;
+	long    fail_locktime;
+};
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/var/log/faillog
+.RS 4
+Failure logging file\&.
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBfaillog\fR(8)
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04ff51d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: gshadow
+.\"    Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+gshadow \- 影子化了的组文件
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+/etc/gshadow
+contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&.
+.PP
+如果没有维护好密码安全，此文件绝对不能让普通用户可读。
+.PP
+此文件的每行包含逗号分隔的如下字段：
+.PP
+\fB组名\fR
+.RS 4
+必须是系统中已经存在的有效组。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB加密了的密码\fR
+.RS 4
+Refer to
+\fBcrypt\fR(3)
+for details on how this string is interpreted\&.
+.sp
+If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of
+\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&.
+.sp
+The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see
+\fBnewgrp\fR(1))\&.
+.sp
+此字段可以为空，此时，只有组成员可以获取组权限。
+.sp
+A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&.
+.sp
+This password supersedes any password specified in
+/etc/group\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB管理员\fR
+.RS 4
+必须是一个逗号分隔的用户名列表。
+.sp
+管理员可以更改组密码和成员。
+.sp
+管理员也有成员一样的权限(请看下边)。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB成员\fR
+.RS 4
+必须是一个逗号分隔的用户名列表。
+.sp
+成员可以免密码访问组。
+.sp
+You should use the same list of users as in
+/etc/group\&.
+.RE
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/group
+.RS 4
+组账户信息。
+.RE
+.PP
+/etc/gshadow
+.RS 4
+安全组账户信息。
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBgpasswd\fR(5),
+\fBgroup\fR(5),
+\fBgrpck\fR(8),
+\fBgrpconv\fR(8),
+\fBnewgrp\fR(1)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2fe040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: limits
+.\"    Author: Luca Berra
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "LIMITS" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+limits \- 资源限制描述
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+The
+\fIlimits\fR
+file (/etc/limits
+by default or LIMITS_FILE defined
+config\&.h) describes the resource limits you wish to impose\&. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only\&.
+.PP
+By default no quota is imposed on \*(Aqroot\*(Aq\&. In fact, there is no way to impose limits via this procedure to root\-equiv accounts (accounts with UID 0)\&.
+.PP
+每行以如下格式对一个用户描述限制：
+.PP
+\fIuser LIMITS_STRING\fR
+.PP
+或如下格式：
+.PP
+\fI@group LIMITS_STRING\fR
+.PP
+The
+\fILIMITS_STRING\fR
+is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&.
+.PP
+可用的指示符有：
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+A：最大地址空间 (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+C：最大转储文件大小 (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+D：最大数据大小 (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+F: maximum file size (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+K: file creation mask, set by
+\fBumask\fR(2)\&.
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+I：最高 nice 级别，(0\&.\&.\&.39 对应 20\&.\&.\&.\-19)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+L：此用户的最大登录数
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+M: max locked\-in\-memory address space (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+N：最大的文件打开数
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+O：最大实时优先级
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+P: process priority, set by
+\fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&.
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+R: max resident set size (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+S：最大栈尺寸 (KB)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+T：最大 CPU 时间 (分钟)
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+U：最大处理器数目
+.RE
+.PP
+For example,
+\fIL2D2048N5\fR
+is a valid
+\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent:
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+      username L2D2048N5
+      username L2 D2048 N5
+    
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.PP
+Be aware that after
+\fIusername\fR
+the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed\&. An invalid limits string will be rejected (not considered) by the
+\fBlogin\fR
+program\&.
+.PP
+The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR"\&. If you have multiple
+\fIdefault\fR
+entries in your
+\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry\&.
+.PP
+The limits specified in the form "\fI@group\fR" apply to the members of the specified
+\fIgroup\fR\&.
+.PP
+If more than one line with limits for a user exist, only the first line for this user will be considered\&.
+.PP
+If no lines are specified for a user, the last
+\fI@group\fR
+line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&.
+.PP
+To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&.
+.PP
+To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&.
+.PP
+Also, please note that all limit settings are set PER LOGIN\&. They are not global, nor are they permanent\&. Perhaps global limits will come, but for now this will have to do ;)
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/limits
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBlogin\fR(1),
+\fBsetpriority\fR(2),
+\fBsetrlimit\fR(2)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19ccadd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: login.access
+.\"    Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+login.access \- 登录访问控制表
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+The
+\fIlogin\&.access\fR
+file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused\&.
+.PP
+When someone logs in, the
+\fIlogin\&.access\fR
+is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination\&. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused\&.
+.PP
+登录访问控制表的每一行有\(lq:\(rq分隔的三个字段：
+.PP
+\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR
+.PP
+The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character\&. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or
+\fIALL\fR
+(always matches)\&. The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "\&."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "\&."),
+\fIALL\fR
+(always matches) or
+\fILOCAL\fR
+(matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&.
+.PP
+The
+\fIEXCEPT\fR
+operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&.
+.PP
+The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the logged\-in user\&. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly listed: the program does not look at a user\*(Aqs primary group id value\&.
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/login\&.defs
+.RS 4
+Shadow 密码套件配置。
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBlogin\fR(1)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5db13e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: login.defs
+.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+login.defs \- 影子密码套件配置
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+The
+/etc/login\&.defs
+file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite\&. This file is required\&. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation\&.
+.PP
+This file is a readable text file, each line of the file describing one configuration parameter\&. The lines consist of a configuration name and value, separated by whitespace\&. Blank lines and comment lines are ignored\&. Comments are introduced with a "#" pound sign and the pound sign must be the first non\-white character of the line\&.
+.PP
+Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers\&. A string is comprised of any printable characters\&. A boolean should be either the value
+\fIyes\fR
+or
+\fIno\fR\&. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a
+\fIno\fR
+value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with
+\fI0\fR) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with
+\fI0x\fR)\&. The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent\&.
+.PP
+提供如下配置项：
+.PP
+\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR,
+\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR
+and
+\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR
+are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings won\*(Aqt affect existing accounts\&.
+.SH "交叉引用"
+.PP
+如下交叉引用显示影子密码套件哪个程序使用哪个参数。
+.PP
+chfn
+.RS 4
+CHFN_AUTH
+CHFN_RESTRICT
+LOGIN_STRING
+.RE
+.PP
+chgpasswd
+.RS 4
+ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP MD5_CRYPT_ENAB
+SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
+.RE
+.PP
+chpasswd
+.RS 4
+ENCRYPT_METHOD MD5_CRYPT_ENAB
+SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
+.RE
+.PP
+chsh
+.RS 4
+CHSH_AUTH LOGIN_STRING
+.RE
+.PP
+gpasswd
+.RS 4
+ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP MD5_CRYPT_ENAB
+SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
+.RE
+.PP
+groupadd
+.RS 4
+GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN
+.RE
+.PP
+groupdel
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+groupmems
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+groupmod
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+grpck
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+grpconv
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+grpunconv
+.RS 4
+MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.PP
+lastlog
+.RS 4
+LASTLOG_UID_MAX
+.RE
+.PP
+login
+.RS 4
+CONSOLE
+CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME
+ENV_HZ ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH ENV_TZ ENVIRON_FILE
+ERASECHAR FAIL_DELAY
+FAILLOG_ENAB
+FAKE_SHELL
+FTMP_FILE
+HUSHLOGIN_FILE
+ISSUE_FILE
+KILLCHAR
+LASTLOG_ENAB LASTLOG_UID_MAX
+LOGIN_RETRIES
+LOGIN_STRING
+LOGIN_TIMEOUT LOG_OK_LOGINS LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB
+MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MOTD_FILE NOLOGINS_FILE PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB QUOTAS_ENAB
+TTYGROUP TTYPERM TTYTYPE_FILE
+ULIMIT UMASK
+USERGROUPS_ENAB
+.RE
+.PP
+newgrp / sg
+.RS 4
+SYSLOG_SG_ENAB
+.RE
+.PP
+newusers
+.RS 4
+ENCRYPT_METHOD GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP MD5_CRYPT_ENAB HOME_MODE PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
+SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
+SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK
+.RE
+.PP
+passwd
+.RS 4
+ENCRYPT_METHOD MD5_CRYPT_ENAB OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB PASS_ALWAYS_WARN PASS_CHANGE_TRIES PASS_MAX_LEN PASS_MIN_LEN
+SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
+.RE
+.PP
+pwck
+.RS 4
+PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
+.RE
+.PP
+pwconv
+.RS 4
+PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE
+.RE
+.PP
+su
+.RS 4
+CONSOLE
+CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME
+ENV_HZ ENVIRON_FILE
+ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH
+ENV_TZ LOGIN_STRING MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE QUOTAS_ENAB
+SULOG_FILE SU_NAME
+SU_WHEEL_ONLY
+SYSLOG_SU_ENAB
+USERGROUPS_ENAB
+.RE
+.PP
+sulogin
+.RS 4
+ENV_HZ
+ENV_TZ
+.RE
+.PP
+useradd
+.RS 4
+CREATE_HOME GID_MAX GID_MIN HOME_MODE LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK
+.RE
+.PP
+userdel
+.RS 4
+MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB
+.RE
+.PP
+usermod
+.RS 4
+LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBlogin\fR(1),
+\fBpasswd\fR(1),
+\fBsu\fR(1),
+\fBpasswd\fR(5),
+\fBshadow\fR(5),
+\fBpam\fR(8)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13c1853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: passwd
+.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "PASSWD" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+passwd \- 密码文件
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+/etc/passwd
+contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(lq:\(rq)\&. These fields are:
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+登录名
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+可选的加密后的密码
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+数字用户 ID
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+数字组 ID
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+用户名和注释字段
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+用户主目录
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+.sp -1
+.IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+可选的用户命令解释器
+.RE
+.PP
+If the
+\fIpassword\fR
+field is a lower\-case
+\(lqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
+\fBshadow\fR(5)
+file instead; there
+\fImust\fR
+be a corresponding line in the
+/etc/shadow
+file, or else the user account is invalid\&.
+.PP
+The encrypted
+\fIpassword\fR
+field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the
+/etc/passwd
+file may decide not to permit
+\fIany\fR
+access at all if the
+\fIpassword\fR
+field is blank\&.
+.PP
+A
+\fIpassword\fR
+field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the
+\fIpassword\fR
+field before the password was locked\&.
+.PP
+Refer to
+\fBcrypt\fR(3)
+for details on how this string is interpreted\&.
+.PP
+If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of
+\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&.
+.PP
+The comment field, also known as the gecos field, is used by various system utilities, such as
+\fBfinger\fR(1)\&. The use of an ampersand here will be replaced by the capitalised login name when the field is used or displayed by such system utilities\&.
+.PP
+The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The
+\fBlogin\fR
+program uses this information to set the value of the
+\fB$HOME\fR
+environmental variable\&.
+.PP
+The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The
+\fBlogin\fR
+program uses this information to set the value of the
+\fB$SHELL\fR
+environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value
+/bin/sh\&.
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/passwd
+.RS 4
+用户账户信息。
+.RE
+.PP
+/etc/shadow
+.RS 4
+可选的加密后的密码文件
+.RE
+.PP
+/etc/passwd\-
+.RS 4
+/etc/passwd 的备份文件。
+.sp
+注意，此文件由 shadow 工具集使用，而不是所有的用户和密码管理工具都会使用。
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBcrypt\fR(3),
+\fBgetent\fR(1),
+\fBgetpwnam\fR(3),
+\fBlogin\fR(1),
+\fBpasswd\fR(1),
+\fBpwck\fR(8),
+\fBpwconv\fR(8),
+\fBpwunconv\fR(8),
+\fBshadow\fR(5),
+\fBsu\fR(1),
+\fBsulogin\fR(8)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a6b29f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: porttime
+.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+porttime \- 端口访问时间文件
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+\fIporttime\fR
+contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&.
+.PP
+每项包含三个由冒号分隔的字段。第一个字段是逗号分隔的 tty 设备列表，或者星号表示匹配所有终端。第二个字段是逗号分隔的用户名列表，或者星号表示匹配所有用户名。第三个字段是逗号分隔的访问许可时间。
+.PP
+Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated
+\fISu\fR,
+\fIMo\fR,
+\fITu\fR,
+\fIWe\fR,
+\fITh\fR,
+\fIFr\fR, and
+\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation
+\fIWk\fR
+may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and
+\fIAl\fR
+may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given,
+\fIAl\fR
+is assumed\&.
+.SH "示例"
+.PP
+The following entry allows access to user
+\fBjfh\fR
+on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&.
+.PP
+*:jfh:Wk0900\-1700
+.PP
+The following entries allow access only to the users
+\fIroot\fR
+and
+\fIoper\fR
+on
+/dev/console
+at any time\&. This illustrates how the
+/etc/porttime
+file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&.
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+      console:root,oper:Al0000\-2400
+      console:*:
+    
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.PP
+The following entry allows access for the user
+\fIgames\fR
+on any port during non\-working hours\&.
+.PP
+*:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/porttime
+.RS 4
+包含了端口访问信息的文件。
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBlogin\fR(1)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d4b090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: shadow
+.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "SHADOW" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+shadow \- 影子化了的密码文件
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+shadow
+is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&.
+.PP
+如果没有维护好密码安全，此文件绝对不能让普通用户可读。
+.PP
+Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(lq:\(rq), in the following order:
+.PP
+\fB登录名\fR
+.RS 4
+必须是有效的账户名，且已经存在于系统中。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB加密了的密码\fR
+.RS 4
+This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the
+/etc/shadow
+file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&.
+.sp
+A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&.
+.sp
+Refer to
+\fBcrypt\fR(3)
+for details on how this string is interpreted\&.
+.sp
+If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of
+\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB最后一次更改密码的日期\fR
+.RS 4
+The date of the last password change, expressed as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970 00:00 UTC\&.
+.sp
+The value 0 has a special meaning, which is that the user should change her password the next time she will log in the system\&.
+.sp
+空字段表示密码年龄功能被禁用。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB密码的最小年龄\fR
+.RS 4
+最小密码年龄是指，用户一次更改密码之后，要等多长时间才再次被允许更改密码。
+.sp
+An empty field and value 0 mean that there is no minimum password age\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB最大密码年龄\fR
+.RS 4
+最大密码年龄是指，这写天之后，用户必须更改密码。
+.sp
+这写天之后，密码仍然可用。用户将会在下次登录的时候被要求更改密码。
+.sp
+空字段表示没有最大密码年龄，没有密码警告时间段，没有密码禁用时间段(请看下边)。
+.sp
+如果最大密码年龄小于最小密码年龄，用户将会不能更改密码。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB密码警告时间段\fR
+.RS 4
+密码过期之前，提前警告用户的的天数(请参考上边的密码的最大年龄)。
+.sp
+空字段或者 0 表示没有密码警告期。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB密码禁用期\fR
+.RS 4
+密码过期(查看上边的密码最大年龄)后，仍然接受此密码的天数(在此期间，用户应该在下次登录时修改密码)。
+.sp
+After expiration of the password and this expiration period is elapsed, no login is possible for the user\&. The user should contact her administrator\&.
+.sp
+空字段表示没有强制密码过期。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB账户过期日期\fR
+.RS 4
+The date of expiration of the account, expressed as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970 00:00 UTC\&.
+.sp
+Note that an account expiration differs from a password expiration\&. In case of an account expiration, the user shall not be allowed to login\&. In case of a password expiration, the user is not allowed to login using her password\&.
+.sp
+空字段表示账户永不过期。
+.sp
+应该避免使用 0，因为它既能理解成永不过期也能理解成在1970年1月1日过期。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB保留字段\fR
+.RS 4
+此字段保留作将来使用。
+.RE
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/passwd
+.RS 4
+用户账户信息。
+.RE
+.PP
+/etc/shadow
+.RS 4
+安全用户账户信息。
+.RE
+.PP
+/etc/shadow\-
+.RS 4
+/etc/shadow 的备份文件。
+.sp
+注意，此文件由 shadow 工具集使用，而不是所有的用户和密码管理工具都会使用。
+.RE
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBchage\fR(1),
+\fBlogin\fR(1),
+\fBpasswd\fR(1),
+\fBpasswd\fR(5),
+\fBpwck\fR(8),
+\fBpwconv\fR(8),
+\fBpwunconv\fR(8),
+\fBsu\fR(1),
+\fBsulogin\fR(8)\&.
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55434bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+'\" t
+.\"     Title: suauth
+.\"    Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\"      Date: 2022-11-08
+.\"    Manual: File Formats and Configuration Files
+.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.13
+.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
+.\"
+.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "2022-11-08" "shadow\-utils 4\&.13" "File Formats and Configuration"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el       .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "名称"
+suauth \- 详细的 su 控制文件
+.SH "大纲"
+.HP \w'\fB/etc/suauth\fR\ 'u
+\fB/etc/suauth\fR
+.SH "描述"
+.PP
+The file
+/etc/suauth
+is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon:
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+      1) the user su is targeting
+    
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.PP
+2) 执行 su 命令的用户 (或者他可能属于的组)
+.PP
+文件格式为：以 # 开头的行视为注视，并被忽略；
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+      to\-id:from\-id:ACTION
+    
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.PP
+Where to\-id is either the word
+\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words
+\fIALL EXCEPT\fR
+followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&.
+.PP
+from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word
+\fIGROUP\fR
+is recognized\&.
+\fIALL EXCEPT GROUP\fR
+is perfectly valid too\&. Following
+\fIGROUP\fR
+appears one or more group names, delimited by ","\&. It is not sufficient to have primary group id of the relevant group, an entry in
+\fB/etc/group\fR(5)
+is necessary\&.
+.PP
+动作只可以使用如下当前支持的选项。
+.PP
+\fIDENY\fR
+.RS 4
+su 的尝试在询问密码之前就被拒绝。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fINOPASS\fR
+.RS 4
+su 尝试自动成功，而且不询问密码。
+.RE
+.PP
+\fIOWNPASS\fR
+.RS 4
+为了成功执行 su，用户必须提供自己的密码。将会提示他们这样。
+.RE
+.PP
+注意，有三个用冒号分割的字段。冒号旁边不能有空格。也请注意，这个文件会被一行一行地依次检查，会使用第一个可用的规则，而不会继续检查文件。这可以让系统管理员使系统尽量符合其期望。
+.SH "示例"
+.sp
+.if n \{\
+.RS 4
+.\}
+.nf
+      # sample /etc/suauth file
+      #
+      # A couple of privileged usernames may
+      # su to root with their own password\&.
+      #
+      root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS
+      #
+      # Anyone else may not su to root unless in
+      # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&.
+      #
+      root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY
+      #
+      # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts
+      # owned by the same person\&.
+      # Access can be arranged between them
+      # with no password\&.
+      #
+      terry:birddog:NOPASS
+      birddog:terry:NOPASS
+      #
+    
+.fi
+.if n \{\
+.RE
+.\}
+.SH "文件"
+.PP
+/etc/suauth
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.SH "缺陷"
+.PP
+可能会有很多潜在问题。文件解析器尤其不能容忍语法错误，不能有无意义的空白符(除了行首和行尾)，并且使用特定的标记分割不同的事情。
+.SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
+.PP
+An error parsing the file is reported using
+\fBsyslogd\fR(8)
+as level ERR on facility AUTH\&.
+.SH "参见"
+.PP
+\fBsu\fR(1)\&.