summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/systemctl/systemctl.c
blob: 5858c3f6d34d9fb6c85bd92cc043a8ef8b52626a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */

#include <getopt.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "sd-daemon.h"

#include "bus-util.h"
#include "dissect-image.h"
#include "install.h"
#include "main-func.h"
#include "mount-util.h"
#include "output-mode.h"
#include "pager.h"
#include "parse-argument.h"
#include "path-util.h"
#include "pretty-print.h"
#include "process-util.h"
#include "rlimit-util.h"
#include "sigbus.h"
#include "signal-util.h"
#include "string-table.h"
#include "systemctl-add-dependency.h"
#include "systemctl-cancel-job.h"
#include "systemctl-clean-or-freeze.h"
#include "systemctl-compat-halt.h"
#include "systemctl-compat-runlevel.h"
#include "systemctl-compat-shutdown.h"
#include "systemctl-compat-telinit.h"
#include "systemctl-daemon-reload.h"
#include "systemctl-edit.h"
#include "systemctl-enable.h"
#include "systemctl-is-active.h"
#include "systemctl-is-enabled.h"
#include "systemctl-is-system-running.h"
#include "systemctl-kill.h"
#include "systemctl-list-dependencies.h"
#include "systemctl-list-jobs.h"
#include "systemctl-list-machines.h"
#include "systemctl-list-unit-files.h"
#include "systemctl-list-units.h"
#include "systemctl-log-setting.h"
#include "systemctl-logind.h"
#include "systemctl-mount.h"
#include "systemctl-preset-all.h"
#include "systemctl-reset-failed.h"
#include "systemctl-service-watchdogs.h"
#include "systemctl-set-default.h"
#include "systemctl-set-environment.h"
#include "systemctl-set-property.h"
#include "systemctl-show.h"
#include "systemctl-start-special.h"
#include "systemctl-start-unit.h"
#include "systemctl-switch-root.h"
#include "systemctl-sysv-compat.h"
#include "systemctl-trivial-method.h"
#include "systemctl-util.h"
#include "systemctl.h"
#include "terminal-util.h"
#include "time-util.h"
#include "verbs.h"
#include "virt.h"

char **arg_types = NULL;
char **arg_states = NULL;
char **arg_properties = NULL;
bool arg_all = false;
enum dependency arg_dependency = DEPENDENCY_FORWARD;
const char *_arg_job_mode = NULL;
LookupScope arg_scope = LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM;
bool arg_wait = false;
bool arg_no_block = false;
int arg_legend = -1; /* -1: true, unless --quiet is passed, 1: true */
PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
bool arg_no_sync = false;
bool arg_no_wall = false;
bool arg_no_reload = false;
BusPrintPropertyFlags arg_print_flags = 0;
bool arg_show_types = false;
int arg_check_inhibitors = -1;
bool arg_dry_run = false;
bool arg_quiet = false;
bool arg_full = false;
bool arg_recursive = false;
bool arg_with_dependencies = false;
bool arg_show_transaction = false;
int arg_force = 0;
bool arg_ask_password = false;
bool arg_runtime = false;
UnitFilePresetMode arg_preset_mode = UNIT_FILE_PRESET_FULL;
char **arg_wall = NULL;
const char *arg_kill_whom = NULL;
int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
char *arg_root = NULL;
char *arg_image = NULL;
usec_t arg_when = 0;
const char *arg_reboot_argument = NULL;
enum action arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
BusTransport arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL;
const char *arg_host = NULL;
unsigned arg_lines = 10;
OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
bool arg_plain = false;
bool arg_firmware_setup = false;
usec_t arg_boot_loader_menu = USEC_INFINITY;
const char *arg_boot_loader_entry = NULL;
bool arg_now = false;
bool arg_jobs_before = false;
bool arg_jobs_after = false;
char **arg_clean_what = NULL;
TimestampStyle arg_timestamp_style = TIMESTAMP_PRETTY;
bool arg_read_only = false;
bool arg_mkdir = false;
bool arg_marked = false;

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_types, strv_freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_states, strv_freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_properties, strv_freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(_arg_job_mode, unsetp);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_wall, strv_freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_kill_whom, unsetp);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root, freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_reboot_argument, unsetp);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_host, unsetp);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_boot_loader_entry, unsetp);
STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_clean_what, strv_freep);

static int systemctl_help(void) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
        int r;

        pager_open(arg_pager_flags);

        r = terminal_urlify_man("systemctl", "1", &link);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_oom();

        printf("%1$s [OPTIONS...] COMMAND ...\n\n"
               "%5$sQuery or send control commands to the system manager.%6$s\n"
               "\n%3$sUnit Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  list-units [PATTERN...]             List units currently in memory\n"
               "  list-automounts [PATTERN...]        List automount units currently in memory,\n"
               "                                      ordered by path\n"
               "  list-sockets [PATTERN...]           List socket units currently in memory,\n"
               "                                      ordered by address\n"
               "  list-timers [PATTERN...]            List timer units currently in memory,\n"
               "                                      ordered by next elapse\n"
               "  is-active PATTERN...                Check whether units are active\n"
               "  is-failed PATTERN...                Check whether units are failed\n"
               "  status [PATTERN...|PID...]          Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
               "  show [PATTERN...|JOB...]            Show properties of one or more\n"
               "                                      units/jobs or the manager\n"
               "  cat PATTERN...                      Show files and drop-ins of specified units\n"
               "  help PATTERN...|PID...              Show manual for one or more units\n"
               "  list-dependencies [UNIT...]         Recursively show units which are required\n"
               "                                      or wanted by the units or by which those\n"
               "                                      units are required or wanted\n"
               "  start UNIT...                       Start (activate) one or more units\n"
               "  stop UNIT...                        Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
               "  reload UNIT...                      Reload one or more units\n"
               "  restart UNIT...                     Start or restart one or more units\n"
               "  try-restart UNIT...                 Restart one or more units if active\n"
               "  reload-or-restart UNIT...           Reload one or more units if possible,\n"
               "                                      otherwise start or restart\n"
               "  try-reload-or-restart UNIT...       If active, reload one or more units,\n"
               "                                      if supported, otherwise restart\n"
               "  isolate UNIT                        Start one unit and stop all others\n"
               "  kill UNIT...                        Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
               "  clean UNIT...                       Clean runtime, cache, state, logs or\n"
               "                                      configuration of unit\n"
               "  freeze PATTERN...                   Freeze execution of unit processes\n"
               "  thaw PATTERN...                     Resume execution of a frozen unit\n"
               "  set-property UNIT PROPERTY=VALUE... Sets one or more properties of a unit\n"
               "  bind UNIT PATH [PATH]               Bind-mount a path from the host into a\n"
               "                                      unit's namespace\n"
               "  mount-image UNIT PATH [PATH [OPTS]] Mount an image from the host into a\n"
               "                                      unit's namespace\n"
               "  service-log-level SERVICE [LEVEL]   Get/set logging threshold for service\n"
               "  service-log-target SERVICE [TARGET] Get/set logging target for service\n"
               "  reset-failed [PATTERN...]           Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
               "                                      units"
               "\n%3$sUnit File Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  list-unit-files [PATTERN...]        List installed unit files\n"
               "  enable [UNIT...|PATH...]            Enable one or more unit files\n"
               "  disable UNIT...                     Disable one or more unit files\n"
               "  reenable UNIT...                    Reenable one or more unit files\n"
               "  preset UNIT...                      Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
               "                                      based on preset configuration\n"
               "  preset-all                          Enable/disable all unit files based on\n"
               "                                      preset configuration\n"
               "  is-enabled UNIT...                  Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
               "  mask UNIT...                        Mask one or more units\n"
               "  unmask UNIT...                      Unmask one or more units\n"
               "  link PATH...                        Link one or more units files into\n"
               "                                      the search path\n"
               "  revert UNIT...                      Revert one or more unit files to vendor\n"
               "                                      version\n"
               "  add-wants TARGET UNIT...            Add 'Wants' dependency for the target\n"
               "                                      on specified one or more units\n"
               "  add-requires TARGET UNIT...         Add 'Requires' dependency for the target\n"
               "                                      on specified one or more units\n"
               "  edit UNIT...                        Edit one or more unit files\n"
               "  get-default                         Get the name of the default target\n"
               "  set-default TARGET                  Set the default target\n"
               "\n%3$sMachine Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  list-machines [PATTERN...]          List local containers and host\n"
               "\n%3$sJob Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  list-jobs [PATTERN...]              List jobs\n"
               "  cancel [JOB...]                     Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
               "\n%3$sEnvironment Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  show-environment                    Dump environment\n"
               "  set-environment VARIABLE=VALUE...   Set one or more environment variables\n"
               "  unset-environment VARIABLE...       Unset one or more environment variables\n"
               "  import-environment VARIABLE...      Import all or some environment variables\n"
               "\n%3$sManager State Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  daemon-reload                       Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
               "  daemon-reexec                       Reexecute systemd manager\n"
               "  log-level [LEVEL]                   Get/set logging threshold for manager\n"
               "  log-target [TARGET]                 Get/set logging target for manager\n"
               "  service-watchdogs [BOOL]            Get/set service watchdog state\n"
               "\n%3$sSystem Commands:%4$s\n"
               "  is-system-running                   Check whether system is fully running\n"
               "  default                             Enter system default mode\n"
               "  rescue                              Enter system rescue mode\n"
               "  emergency                           Enter system emergency mode\n"
               "  halt                                Shut down and halt the system\n"
               "  poweroff                            Shut down and power-off the system\n"
               "  reboot                              Shut down and reboot the system\n"
               "  kexec                               Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
               "  exit [EXIT_CODE]                    Request user instance or container exit\n"
               "  switch-root ROOT [INIT]             Change to a different root file system\n"
               "  suspend                             Suspend the system\n"
               "  hibernate                           Hibernate the system\n"
               "  hybrid-sleep                        Hibernate and suspend the system\n"
               "  suspend-then-hibernate              Suspend the system, wake after a period of\n"
               "                                      time, and hibernate"
               "\n%3$sOptions:%4$s\n"
               "  -h --help              Show this help\n"
               "     --version           Show package version\n"
               "     --system            Connect to system manager\n"
               "     --user              Connect to user service manager\n"
               "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST  Operate on remote host\n"
               "  -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on a local container\n"
               "  -t --type=TYPE         List units of a particular type\n"
               "     --state=STATE       List units with particular LOAD or SUB or ACTIVE state\n"
               "     --failed            Shortcut for --state=failed\n"
               "  -p --property=NAME     Show only properties by this name\n"
               "  -P NAME                Equivalent to --value --property=NAME\n"
               "  -a --all               Show all properties/all units currently in memory,\n"
               "                         including dead/empty ones. To list all units installed\n"
               "                         on the system, use 'list-unit-files' instead.\n"
               "  -l --full              Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
               "  -r --recursive         Show unit list of host and local containers\n"
               "     --reverse           Show reverse dependencies with 'list-dependencies'\n"
               "     --with-dependencies Show unit dependencies with 'status', 'cat',\n"
               "                         'list-units', and 'list-unit-files'.\n"
               "     --job-mode=MODE     Specify how to deal with already queued jobs, when\n"
               "                         queueing a new job\n"
               "  -T --show-transaction  When enqueuing a unit job, show full transaction\n"
               "     --show-types        When showing sockets, explicitly show their type\n"
               "     --value             When showing properties, only print the value\n"
               "     --check-inhibitors=MODE\n"
               "                         Whether to check inhibitors before shutting down,\n"
               "                         sleeping, or hibernating\n"
               "  -i                     Shortcut for --check-inhibitors=no\n"
               "     --kill-whom=WHOM    Whom to send signal to\n"
               "  -s --signal=SIGNAL     Which signal to send\n"
               "     --what=RESOURCES    Which types of resources to remove\n"
               "     --now               Start or stop unit after enabling or disabling it\n"
               "     --dry-run           Only print what would be done\n"
               "                         Currently supported by verbs: halt, poweroff, reboot,\n"
               "                             kexec, suspend, hibernate, suspend-then-hibernate,\n"
               "                             hybrid-sleep, default, rescue, emergency, and exit.\n"
               "  -q --quiet             Suppress output\n"
               "     --wait              For (re)start, wait until service stopped again\n"
               "                         For is-system-running, wait until startup is completed\n"
               "     --no-block          Do not wait until operation finished\n"
               "     --no-wall           Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
               "     --no-reload         Don't reload daemon after en-/dis-abling unit files\n"
               "     --legend=BOOL       Enable/disable the legend (column headers and hints)\n"
               "     --no-pager          Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
               "     --no-ask-password   Do not ask for system passwords\n"
               "     --global            Edit/enable/disable/mask default user unit files\n"
               "                         globally\n"
               "     --runtime           Edit/enable/disable/mask unit files temporarily until\n"
               "                         next reboot\n"
               "  -f --force             When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
               "                         When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
               "     --preset-mode=      Apply only enable, only disable, or all presets\n"
               "     --root=PATH         Edit/enable/disable/mask unit files in the specified\n"
               "                         root directory\n"
               "     --image=PATH        Edit/enable/disable/mask unit files in the specified\n"
               "                         image\n"
               "  -n --lines=INTEGER     Number of journal entries to show\n"
               "  -o --output=STRING     Change journal output mode (short, short-precise,\n"
               "                             short-iso, short-iso-precise, short-full,\n"
               "                             short-monotonic, short-unix, short-delta,\n"
               "                             verbose, export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat)\n"
               "     --firmware-setup    Tell the firmware to show the setup menu on next boot\n"
               "     --boot-loader-menu=TIME\n"
               "                         Boot into boot loader menu on next boot\n"
               "     --boot-loader-entry=NAME\n"
               "                         Boot into a specific boot loader entry on next boot\n"
               "     --plain             Print unit dependencies as a list instead of a tree\n"
               "     --timestamp=FORMAT  Change format of printed timestamps (pretty, unix,\n"
               "                             us, utc, us+utc)\n"
               "     --read-only         Create read-only bind mount\n"
               "     --mkdir             Create directory before mounting, if missing\n"
               "     --marked            Restart/reload previously marked units\n"
               "\nSee the %2$s for details.\n",
               program_invocation_short_name,
               link,
               ansi_underline(),
               ansi_normal(),
               ansi_highlight(),
               ansi_normal());

        return 0;
}

static void help_types(void) {
        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("Available unit types:");

        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(unit_type, UnitType, _UNIT_TYPE_MAX);
}

static void help_states(void) {
        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("Available unit load states:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(unit_load_state, UnitLoadState, _UNIT_LOAD_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable unit active states:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(unit_active_state, UnitActiveState, _UNIT_ACTIVE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable unit file states:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(unit_file_state, UnitFileState, _UNIT_FILE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable automount unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(automount_state, AutomountState, _AUTOMOUNT_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable device unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(device_state, DeviceState, _DEVICE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable mount unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(mount_state, MountState, _MOUNT_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable path unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(path_state, PathState, _PATH_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable scope unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(scope_state, ScopeState, _SCOPE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable service unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(service_state, ServiceState, _SERVICE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable slice unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(slice_state, SliceState, _SLICE_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable socket unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(socket_state, SocketState, _SOCKET_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable swap unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(swap_state, SwapState, _SWAP_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable target unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(target_state, TargetState, _TARGET_STATE_MAX);

        if (arg_legend != 0)
                puts("\nAvailable timer unit substates:");
        DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timer_state, TimerState, _TIMER_STATE_MAX);
}

static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        enum {
                ARG_FAIL = 0x100,            /* compatibility only */
                ARG_REVERSE,
                ARG_AFTER,
                ARG_BEFORE,
                ARG_CHECK_INHIBITORS,
                ARG_DRY_RUN,
                ARG_SHOW_TYPES,
                ARG_IRREVERSIBLE,            /* compatibility only */
                ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,     /* compatibility only */
                ARG_VALUE,
                ARG_VERSION,
                ARG_USER,
                ARG_SYSTEM,
                ARG_GLOBAL,
                ARG_NO_BLOCK,
                ARG_LEGEND,
                ARG_NO_LEGEND,                /* compatibility only */
                ARG_NO_PAGER,
                ARG_NO_WALL,
                ARG_ROOT,
                ARG_IMAGE,
                ARG_NO_RELOAD,
                ARG_KILL_WHOM,
                ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
                ARG_FAILED,
                ARG_RUNTIME,
                ARG_PLAIN,
                ARG_STATE,
                ARG_JOB_MODE,
                ARG_PRESET_MODE,
                ARG_FIRMWARE_SETUP,
                ARG_BOOT_LOADER_MENU,
                ARG_BOOT_LOADER_ENTRY,
                ARG_NOW,
                ARG_MESSAGE,
                ARG_WITH_DEPENDENCIES,
                ARG_WAIT,
                ARG_WHAT,
                ARG_REBOOT_ARG,
                ARG_TIMESTAMP_STYLE,
                ARG_READ_ONLY,
                ARG_MKDIR,
                ARG_MARKED,
        };

        static const struct option options[] = {
                { "help",                no_argument,       NULL, 'h'                     },
                { "version",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION             },
                { "type",                required_argument, NULL, 't'                     },
                { "property",            required_argument, NULL, 'p'                     },
                { "all",                 no_argument,       NULL, 'a'                     },
                { "reverse",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REVERSE             },
                { "after",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_AFTER               },
                { "before",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_BEFORE              },
                { "show-types",          no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SHOW_TYPES          },
                { "failed",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED              },
                { "full",                no_argument,       NULL, 'l'                     },
                { "job-mode",            required_argument, NULL, ARG_JOB_MODE            },
                { "fail",                no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL                }, /* compatibility only */
                { "irreversible",        no_argument,       NULL, ARG_IRREVERSIBLE        }, /* compatibility only */
                { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES }, /* compatibility only */
                { "ignore-inhibitors",   no_argument,       NULL, 'i'                     }, /* compatibility only */
                { "check-inhibitors",    required_argument, NULL, ARG_CHECK_INHIBITORS    },
                { "value",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VALUE               },
                { "user",                no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER                },
                { "system",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM              },
                { "global",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL              },
                { "wait",                no_argument,       NULL, ARG_WAIT                },
                { "no-block",            no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK            },
                { "legend",              required_argument, NULL, ARG_LEGEND              },
                { "no-legend",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND           }, /* compatibility only */
                { "no-pager",            no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER            },
                { "no-wall",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL             },
                { "dry-run",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DRY_RUN             },
                { "quiet",               no_argument,       NULL, 'q'                     },
                { "root",                required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT                },
                { "image",               required_argument, NULL, ARG_IMAGE               },
                { "force",               no_argument,       NULL, 'f'                     },
                { "no-reload",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD           },
                { "kill-whom",           required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHOM           },
                { "signal",              required_argument, NULL, 's'                     },
                { "no-ask-password",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD     },
                { "host",                required_argument, NULL, 'H'                     },
                { "machine",             required_argument, NULL, 'M'                     },
                { "runtime",             no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME             },
                { "lines",               required_argument, NULL, 'n'                     },
                { "output",              required_argument, NULL, 'o'                     },
                { "plain",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PLAIN               },
                { "state",               required_argument, NULL, ARG_STATE               },
                { "recursive",           no_argument,       NULL, 'r'                     },
                { "with-dependencies",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_WITH_DEPENDENCIES   },
                { "preset-mode",         required_argument, NULL, ARG_PRESET_MODE         },
                { "firmware-setup",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FIRMWARE_SETUP      },
                { "boot-loader-menu",    required_argument, NULL, ARG_BOOT_LOADER_MENU    },
                { "boot-loader-entry",   required_argument, NULL, ARG_BOOT_LOADER_ENTRY   },
                { "now",                 no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NOW                 },
                { "message",             required_argument, NULL, ARG_MESSAGE             },
                { "show-transaction",    no_argument,       NULL, 'T'                     },
                { "what",                required_argument, NULL, ARG_WHAT                },
                { "reboot-argument",     required_argument, NULL, ARG_REBOOT_ARG          },
                { "timestamp",           required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMESTAMP_STYLE     },
                { "read-only",           no_argument,       NULL, ARG_READ_ONLY           },
                { "mkdir",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_MKDIR               },
                { "marked",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_MARKED              },
                {}
        };

        int c, r;

        assert(argc >= 0);
        assert(argv);

        /* We default to allowing interactive authorization only in systemctl (not in the legacy commands) */
        arg_ask_password = true;

        while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:P:alqfs:H:M:n:o:iTr.::", options, NULL)) >= 0)

                switch (c) {

                case 'h':
                        return systemctl_help();

                case ARG_VERSION:
                        return version();

                case 't':
                        if (isempty(optarg))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "--type= requires arguments.");

                        for (const char *p = optarg;;) {
                                _cleanup_free_ char *type = NULL;

                                r = extract_first_word(&p, &type, ",", 0);
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse type: %s", optarg);
                                if (r == 0)
                                        break;

                                if (streq(type, "help")) {
                                        help_types();
                                        return 0;
                                }

                                if (unit_type_from_string(type) >= 0) {
                                        if (strv_consume(&arg_types, TAKE_PTR(type)) < 0)
                                                return log_oom();
                                        continue;
                                }

                                /* It's much nicer to use --state= for load states, but let's support this in
                                 * --types= too for compatibility with old versions */
                                if (unit_load_state_from_string(type) >= 0) {
                                        if (strv_consume(&arg_states, TAKE_PTR(type)) < 0)
                                                return log_oom();
                                        continue;
                                }

                                log_error("Unknown unit type or load state '%s'.", type);
                                return log_info_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                      "Use -t help to see a list of allowed values.");
                        }

                        break;

                case 'P':
                        SET_FLAG(arg_print_flags, BUS_PRINT_PROPERTY_ONLY_VALUE, true);
                        _fallthrough_;

                case 'p':
                        /* Make sure that if the empty property list was specified, we won't show any
                           properties. */
                        if (isempty(optarg) && !arg_properties) {
                                arg_properties = new0(char*, 1);
                                if (!arg_properties)
                                        return log_oom();
                        } else
                                for (const char *p = optarg;;) {
                                        _cleanup_free_ char *prop = NULL;

                                        r = extract_first_word(&p, &prop, ",", 0);
                                        if (r < 0)
                                                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse property: %s", optarg);
                                        if (r == 0)
                                                break;

                                        if (strv_consume(&arg_properties, TAKE_PTR(prop)) < 0)
                                                return log_oom();
                                }

                        /* If the user asked for a particular property, show it, even if it is empty. */
                        SET_FLAG(arg_print_flags, BUS_PRINT_PROPERTY_SHOW_EMPTY, true);

                        break;

                case 'a':
                        SET_FLAG(arg_print_flags, BUS_PRINT_PROPERTY_SHOW_EMPTY, true);
                        arg_all = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_REVERSE:
                        arg_dependency = DEPENDENCY_REVERSE;
                        break;

                case ARG_AFTER:
                        arg_dependency = DEPENDENCY_AFTER;
                        arg_jobs_after = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_BEFORE:
                        arg_dependency = DEPENDENCY_BEFORE;
                        arg_jobs_before = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_SHOW_TYPES:
                        arg_show_types = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_VALUE:
                        SET_FLAG(arg_print_flags, BUS_PRINT_PROPERTY_ONLY_VALUE, true);
                        break;

                case ARG_JOB_MODE:
                        _arg_job_mode = optarg;
                        break;

                case ARG_FAIL:
                        _arg_job_mode = "fail";
                        break;

                case ARG_IRREVERSIBLE:
                        _arg_job_mode = "replace-irreversibly";
                        break;

                case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
                        _arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
                        break;

                case ARG_USER:
                        arg_scope = LOOKUP_SCOPE_USER;
                        break;

                case ARG_SYSTEM:
                        arg_scope = LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM;
                        break;

                case ARG_GLOBAL:
                        arg_scope = LOOKUP_SCOPE_GLOBAL;
                        break;

                case ARG_WAIT:
                        arg_wait = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
                        arg_no_block = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
                        arg_legend = false;
                        break;

                case ARG_LEGEND:
                        r = parse_boolean_argument("--legend", optarg, NULL);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;
                        arg_legend = r;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_PAGER:
                        arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_WALL:
                        arg_no_wall = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_ROOT:
                        r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_root);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;
                        break;

                case ARG_IMAGE:
                        r = parse_path_argument(optarg, false, &arg_image);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;
                        break;

                case 'l':
                        arg_full = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_FAILED:
                        if (strv_extend(&arg_states, "failed") < 0)
                                return log_oom();

                        break;

                case ARG_DRY_RUN:
                        arg_dry_run = true;
                        break;

                case 'q':
                        arg_quiet = true;

                        if (arg_legend < 0)
                                arg_legend = false;

                        break;

                case 'f':
                        arg_force++;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
                        arg_no_reload = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_KILL_WHOM:
                        arg_kill_whom = optarg;
                        break;

                case 's':
                        r = parse_signal_argument(optarg, &arg_signal);
                        if (r <= 0)
                                return r;
                        break;

                case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
                        arg_ask_password = false;
                        break;

                case 'H':
                        arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE;
                        arg_host = optarg;
                        break;

                case 'M':
                        arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE;
                        arg_host = optarg;
                        break;

                case ARG_RUNTIME:
                        arg_runtime = true;
                        break;

                case 'n':
                        if (safe_atou(optarg, &arg_lines) < 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "Failed to parse lines '%s'",
                                                       optarg);
                        break;

                case 'o':
                        if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
                                DUMP_STRING_TABLE(output_mode, OutputMode, _OUTPUT_MODE_MAX);
                                return 0;
                        }

                        arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
                        if (arg_output < 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "Unknown output '%s'.",
                                                       optarg);

                        if (OUTPUT_MODE_IS_JSON(arg_output)) {
                                arg_legend = false;
                                arg_plain = true;
                        }
                        break;

                case 'i':
                        arg_check_inhibitors = 0;
                        break;

                case ARG_CHECK_INHIBITORS:
                        if (streq(optarg, "auto"))
                                arg_check_inhibitors = -1;
                        else {
                                r = parse_boolean(optarg);
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --check-inhibitors= argument: %s", optarg);
                                arg_check_inhibitors = r;
                        }
                        break;

                case ARG_PLAIN:
                        arg_plain = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_FIRMWARE_SETUP:
                        arg_firmware_setup = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_BOOT_LOADER_MENU:

                        r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_boot_loader_menu);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse --boot-loader-menu= argument '%s': %m", optarg);

                        break;

                case ARG_BOOT_LOADER_ENTRY:

                        if (streq(optarg, "help")) { /* Yes, this means, "help" is not a valid boot loader entry name we can deal with */
                                r = help_boot_loader_entry();
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return r;

                                return 0;
                        }

                        arg_boot_loader_entry = empty_to_null(optarg);
                        break;

                case ARG_STATE:
                        if (isempty(optarg))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "--state= requires arguments.");

                        for (const char *p = optarg;;) {
                                _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;

                                r = extract_first_word(&p, &s, ",", 0);
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse state: %s", optarg);
                                if (r == 0)
                                        break;

                                if (streq(s, "help")) {
                                        help_states();
                                        return 0;
                                }

                                if (strv_consume(&arg_states, TAKE_PTR(s)) < 0)
                                        return log_oom();
                        }
                        break;

                case 'r':
                        if (geteuid() != 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
                                                       "--recursive requires root privileges.");

                        arg_recursive = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_PRESET_MODE:
                        if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
                                DUMP_STRING_TABLE(unit_file_preset_mode, UnitFilePresetMode, _UNIT_FILE_PRESET_MODE_MAX);
                                return 0;
                        }

                        arg_preset_mode = unit_file_preset_mode_from_string(optarg);
                        if (arg_preset_mode < 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "Failed to parse preset mode: %s.", optarg);

                        break;

                case ARG_NOW:
                        arg_now = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_MESSAGE:
                        if (strv_extend(&arg_wall, optarg) < 0)
                                return log_oom();
                        break;

                case 'T':
                        arg_show_transaction = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_WITH_DEPENDENCIES:
                        arg_with_dependencies = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_WHAT:
                        if (isempty(optarg))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "--what= requires arguments.");

                        for (const char *p = optarg;;) {
                                _cleanup_free_ char *k = NULL;

                                r = extract_first_word(&p, &k, ",", 0);
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse directory type: %s", optarg);
                                if (r == 0)
                                        break;

                                if (streq(k, "help")) {
                                        puts("runtime\n"
                                             "state\n"
                                             "cache\n"
                                             "logs\n"
                                             "configuration");
                                        return 0;
                                }

                                r = strv_consume(&arg_clean_what, TAKE_PTR(k));
                                if (r < 0)
                                        return log_oom();
                        }

                        break;

                case ARG_REBOOT_ARG:
                        arg_reboot_argument = optarg;
                        break;

                case ARG_TIMESTAMP_STYLE:
                        if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
                                DUMP_STRING_TABLE(timestamp_style, TimestampStyle, _TIMESTAMP_STYLE_MAX);
                                return 0;
                        }

                        arg_timestamp_style = timestamp_style_from_string(optarg);
                        if (arg_timestamp_style < 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                                       "Invalid value: %s.", optarg);

                        break;

                case ARG_READ_ONLY:
                        arg_read_only = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_MKDIR:
                        arg_mkdir = true;
                        break;

                case ARG_MARKED:
                        arg_marked = true;
                        break;

                case '.':
                        /* Output an error mimicking getopt, and print a hint afterwards */
                        log_error("%s: invalid option -- '.'", program_invocation_name);
                        log_notice("Hint: to specify units starting with a dash, use \"--\":\n"
                                   "      %s [OPTIONS...] COMMAND -- -.%s ...",
                                   program_invocation_name, optarg ?: "mount");
                        _fallthrough_;

                case '?':
                        return -EINVAL;

                default:
                        assert_not_reached();
                }

        /* If we are in --user mode, there's no point in talking to PolicyKit or the infra to query system
         * passwords */
        if (arg_scope != LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM)
                arg_ask_password = false;

        if (arg_transport == BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE && arg_scope != LOOKUP_SCOPE_SYSTEM)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                       "Cannot access user instance remotely.");

        if (arg_wait && arg_no_block)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                       "--wait may not be combined with --no-block.");

        bool do_reload_or_restart = streq_ptr(argv[optind], "reload-or-restart");
        if (arg_marked) {
                if (!do_reload_or_restart)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                               "--marked may only be used with 'reload-or-restart'.");
                if (optind + 1 < argc)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                               "No additional arguments allowed with 'reload-or-restart --marked'.");
                if (arg_wait)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                               "--marked --wait is not supported.");
                if (arg_show_transaction)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                               "--marked --show-transaction is not supported.");

        } else if (do_reload_or_restart) {
                if (optind + 1 >= argc)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                               "List of units to restart/reload is required.");
        }

        if (arg_image && arg_root)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Please specify either --root= or --image=, the combination of both is not supported.");

        return 1;
}

int systemctl_dispatch_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        assert(argc >= 0);
        assert(argv);

        if (invoked_as(argv, "halt")) {
                arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
                return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);

        } else if (invoked_as(argv, "poweroff")) {
                arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
                return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);

        } else if (invoked_as(argv, "reboot")) {
                if (kexec_loaded())
                        arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
                else
                        arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
                return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);

        } else if (invoked_as(argv, "shutdown")) {
                arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
                return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);

        } else if (invoked_as(argv, "init")) {

                /* Matches invocations as "init" as well as "telinit", which are synonymous when run
                 * as PID != 1 on SysV.
                 *
                 * On SysV "telinit" was the official command to communicate with PID 1, but "init" would
                 * redirect itself to "telinit" if called with PID != 1. We follow the same logic here still,
                 * though we add one level of indirection, as we implement "telinit" in "systemctl". Hence,
                 * for us if you invoke "init" you get "systemd", but it will execve() "systemctl"
                 * immediately with argv[] unmodified if PID is != 1. If you invoke "telinit" you directly
                 * get "systemctl". In both cases we shall do the same thing, which is why we do
                 * invoked_as(argv, "init") here, as a quick way to match both.
                 *
                 * Also see redirect_telinit() in src/core/main.c. */

                if (sd_booted() > 0) {
                        arg_action = _ACTION_INVALID;
                        return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
                } else {
                        /* Hmm, so some other init system is running, we need to forward this request to it.
                         */
                        arg_action = ACTION_TELINIT;
                        return 1;
                }

        } else if (invoked_as(argv, "runlevel")) {
                arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
                return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
        }

        arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
        return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
}

#ifndef FUZZ_SYSTEMCTL_PARSE_ARGV
static int systemctl_main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        static const Verb verbs[] = {
                { "list-units",            VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_DEFAULT|VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_units },
                { "list-unit-files",       VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_list_unit_files         },
                { "list-automounts",       VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_automounts         },
                { "list-sockets",          VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_sockets            },
                { "list-timers",           VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_timers             },
                { "list-jobs",             VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_jobs               },
                { "list-machines",         VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_machines           },
                { "clear-jobs",            VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_trivial_method          },
                { "cancel",                VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_cancel                  },
                { "start",                 2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "stop",                  2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "condstop",              2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
                { "reload",                2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "restart",               2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "try-restart",           2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "reload-or-restart",     VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "reload-or-try-restart", 2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   }, /* For compatibility with old systemctl <= 228 */
                { "try-reload-or-restart", 2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "force-reload",          2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
                { "condreload",            2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
                { "condrestart",           2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   }, /* For compatibility with RH */
                { "isolate",               2,        2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start                   },
                { "kill",                  2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_kill                    },
                { "clean",                 2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_clean_or_freeze         },
                { "freeze",                2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_clean_or_freeze         },
                { "thaw",                  2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_clean_or_freeze         },
                { "is-active",             2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_is_active               },
                { "check",                 2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_is_active               }, /* deprecated alias of is-active */
                { "is-failed",             2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_is_failed               },
                { "show",                  VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_show                    },
                { "cat",                   2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_cat                     },
                { "status",                VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_show                    },
                { "help",                  VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_show                    },
                { "daemon-reload",         1,        1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_daemon_reload           },
                { "daemon-reexec",         1,        1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_daemon_reload           },
                { "log-level",             VERB_ANY, 2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_log_setting             },
                { "log-target",            VERB_ANY, 2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_log_setting             },
                { "service-log-level",     2,        3,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_service_log_setting     },
                { "service-log-target",    2,        3,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_service_log_setting     },
                { "service-watchdogs",     VERB_ANY, 2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_service_watchdogs       },
                { "show-environment",      VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_show_environment        },
                { "set-environment",       2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_set_environment         },
                { "unset-environment",     2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_set_environment         },
                { "import-environment",    VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_import_environment      },
                { "halt",                  VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "poweroff",              VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "reboot",                VERB_ANY, 2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "kexec",                 VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "suspend",               VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "hibernate",             VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "hybrid-sleep",          VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "suspend-then-hibernate",VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "default",               VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_special           },
                { "rescue",                VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "emergency",             VERB_ANY, 1,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_system_special    },
                { "exit",                  VERB_ANY, 2,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_start_special           },
                { "reset-failed",          VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_reset_failed            },
                { "enable",                2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "disable",               2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "is-enabled",            2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_is_enabled              },
                { "reenable",              2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "preset",                2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "preset-all",            VERB_ANY, 1,        0,                verb_preset_all              },
                { "mask",                  2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "unmask",                2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "link",                  2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "revert",                2,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_enable                  },
                { "switch-root",           2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_switch_root             },
                { "list-dependencies",     VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_list_dependencies       },
                { "set-default",           2,        2,        0,                verb_set_default             },
                { "get-default",           VERB_ANY, 1,        0,                verb_get_default             },
                { "set-property",          3,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_set_property            },
                { "is-system-running",     VERB_ANY, 1,        0,                verb_is_system_running       },
                { "add-wants",             3,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_add_dependency          },
                { "add-requires",          3,        VERB_ANY, 0,                verb_add_dependency          },
                { "edit",                  2,        VERB_ANY, VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_edit                    },
                { "bind",                  3,        4,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_bind                    },
                { "mount-image",           4,        5,        VERB_ONLINE_ONLY, verb_mount_image             },
                {}
        };

        const Verb *verb = verbs_find_verb(argv[optind], verbs);
        if (verb && (verb->flags & VERB_ONLINE_ONLY) && arg_root)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                       "Verb '%s' cannot be used with --root= or --image=.",
                                       argv[optind] ?: verb->verb);

        return dispatch_verb(argc, argv, verbs, NULL);
}

static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp) LoopDevice *loop_device = NULL;
        _cleanup_(umount_and_rmdir_and_freep) char *mounted_dir = NULL;
        int r;

        setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
        log_setup();

        /* The journal merging logic potentially needs a lot of fds. */
        (void) rlimit_nofile_bump(HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE);

        sigbus_install();

        r = systemctl_dispatch_parse_argv(argc, argv);
        if (r <= 0)
                goto finish;

        if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && running_in_chroot() > 0) {
                if (!arg_quiet)
                        log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
                r = 0;
                goto finish;
        }

        /* systemctl_main() will print an error message for the bus connection, but only if it needs to */

        if (arg_image) {
                assert(!arg_root);

                r = mount_image_privately_interactively(
                                arg_image,
                                DISSECT_IMAGE_GENERIC_ROOT |
                                DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT |
                                DISSECT_IMAGE_RELAX_VAR_CHECK |
                                DISSECT_IMAGE_VALIDATE_OS,
                                &mounted_dir,
                                &loop_device);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                arg_root = strdup(mounted_dir);
                if (!arg_root)
                        return log_oom();
        }

        switch (arg_action) {

        case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
                r = systemctl_main(argc, argv);
                break;

        /* Legacy command aliases set arg_action. They provide some fallbacks, e.g. to tell sysvinit to
         * reboot after you have installed systemd binaries. */

        case ACTION_HALT:
        case ACTION_POWEROFF:
        case ACTION_REBOOT:
        case ACTION_KEXEC:
                r = halt_main();
                break;

        case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
        case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
        case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
        case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
        case ACTION_RESCUE:
                r = start_with_fallback();
                break;

        case ACTION_RELOAD:
        case ACTION_REEXEC:
                r = reload_with_fallback();
                break;

        case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
                r = logind_cancel_shutdown();
                break;

        case ACTION_SHOW_SHUTDOWN:
                r = logind_show_shutdown();
                break;

        case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
                r = runlevel_main();
                break;

        case ACTION_TELINIT:
                r = exec_telinit(argv);
                break;

        case ACTION_EXIT:
        case ACTION_SUSPEND:
        case ACTION_HIBERNATE:
        case ACTION_HYBRID_SLEEP:
        case ACTION_SUSPEND_THEN_HIBERNATE:
        case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
        case ACTION_DEFAULT:
                /* systemctl verbs with no equivalent in the legacy commands. These cannot appear in
                 * arg_action. Fall through. */

        case _ACTION_INVALID:
        default:
                assert_not_reached();
        }

finish:
        release_busses();

        /* Note that we return r here, not 0, so that we can implement the LSB-like return codes */
        return r;
}

DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION_WITH_POSITIVE_FAILURE(run);
#endif