Merging upstream version 2.9.0.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

13 files changed, 542 insertions, 14 deletions

diff --git a/HISTORY.md b/HISTORY.md
index b781e31..381beca 100644
--- a/HISTORY.md
+++ b/HISTORY.md
@@ -2,6 +2,21 @@
 
 ## Latest Changes
 
+## 2.9.0
+
+### Types
+
+* Add Semantic version type. PR [#195](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-extra-types/pull/195) by [@nikstuckenbrock](https://github.com/nikstuckenbrock)
+* Add timezone name validation. PR [#193](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-extra-types/pull/193) by [@07pepa](https://github.com/07pepa)
+
+### Refactor
+
+* Replace try-except block by if-else statement. PR [#192](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-extra-types/pull/192) by [@maxsos](https://github.com/maxsos)
+
+### Dependencies
+
+* ⬆ Bump the python-packages group with 4 updates.  PR [#194](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-extra-types/pull/194) by @dependabot
+
 ## 2.8.2
 
 * 🐛 Preserve timezone information when validating Pendulum DateTimes. [#189](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic-extra-types/pull/189) by [@chrisguidry
diff --git a/pydantic_extra_types/__init__.py b/pydantic_extra_types/__init__.py
index 964a32a..387cfac 100644
--- a/pydantic_extra_types/__init__.py
+++ b/pydantic_extra_types/__init__.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = '2.8.2'
+__version__ = '2.9.0'
diff --git a/pydantic_extra_types/color.py b/pydantic_extra_types/color.py
index 8e28ff4..26aebba 100644
--- a/pydantic_extra_types/color.py
+++ b/pydantic_extra_types/color.py
@@ -124,13 +124,14 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):
         if self._rgba.alpha is not None:
             return self.as_hex()
         rgb = cast(Tuple[int, int, int], self.as_rgb_tuple())
-        try:
+
+        if rgb in COLORS_BY_VALUE:
             return COLORS_BY_VALUE[rgb]
-        except KeyError as e:
+        else:
             if fallback:
                 return self.as_hex()
             else:
-                raise ValueError('no named color found, use fallback=True, as_hex() or as_rgb()') from e
+                raise ValueError('no named color found, use fallback=True, as_hex() or as_rgb()')
 
     def as_hex(self, format: Literal['short', 'long'] = 'short') -> str:
         """Returns the hexadecimal representation of the color.
@@ -292,12 +293,10 @@ def parse_str(value: str) -> RGBA:
     Raises:
         ValueError: If the input string cannot be parsed to an RGBA tuple.
     """
+
     value_lower = value.lower()
-    try:
+    if value_lower in COLORS_BY_NAME:
         r, g, b = COLORS_BY_NAME[value_lower]
-    except KeyError:
-        pass
-    else:
         return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b, None)
 
     m = re.fullmatch(r_hex_short, value_lower)
diff --git a/pydantic_extra_types/semantic_version.py b/pydantic_extra_types/semantic_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0945fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pydantic_extra_types/semantic_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""
+SemanticVersion definition that is based on the Semantiv Versioning Specification [semver](https://semver.org/).
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+from pydantic import GetJsonSchemaHandler
+from pydantic.json_schema import JsonSchemaValue
+from pydantic_core import core_schema
+
+try:
+    import semver
+except ModuleNotFoundError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        'The `semantic_version` module requires "semver" to be installed. You can install it with "pip install semver".'
+    ) from e
+
+
+class SemanticVersion:
+    """
+    Semantic version based on the official [semver thread](https://python-semver.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced/combine-pydantic-and-semver.html).
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(
+        cls,
+        _source_type: Any,
+        _handler: Callable[[Any], core_schema.CoreSchema],
+    ) -> core_schema.CoreSchema:
+        def validate_from_str(value: str) -> semver.Version:
+            return semver.Version.parse(value)
+
+        from_str_schema = core_schema.chain_schema(
+            [
+                core_schema.str_schema(),
+                core_schema.no_info_plain_validator_function(validate_from_str),
+            ]
+        )
+
+        return core_schema.json_or_python_schema(
+            json_schema=from_str_schema,
+            python_schema=core_schema.union_schema(
+                [
+                    core_schema.is_instance_schema(semver.Version),
+                    from_str_schema,
+                ]
+            ),
+            serialization=core_schema.to_string_ser_schema(),
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_json_schema__(
+        cls, _core_schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, handler: GetJsonSchemaHandler
+    ) -> JsonSchemaValue:
+        return handler(core_schema.str_schema())
diff --git a/pydantic_extra_types/timezone_name.py b/pydantic_extra_types/timezone_name.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93b2213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pydantic_extra_types/timezone_name.py
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+"""Time zone name validation and serialization module."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import sys
+import warnings
+from typing import Any, Callable, List, Set, Type, cast
+
+from pydantic import GetCoreSchemaHandler, GetJsonSchemaHandler
+from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError, core_schema
+
+
+def _is_available(name: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a module is available for import."""
+    try:
+        importlib.import_module(name)
+        return True
+    except ModuleNotFoundError:  # pragma: no cover
+        return False
+
+
+def _tz_provider_from_zone_info() -> Set[str]:  # pragma: no cover
+    """Get timezones from the zoneinfo module."""
+    from zoneinfo import available_timezones
+
+    return set(available_timezones())
+
+
+def _tz_provider_from_pytz() -> Set[str]:  # pragma: no cover
+    """Get timezones from the pytz module."""
+    from pytz import all_timezones
+
+    return set(all_timezones)
+
+
+def _warn_about_pytz_usage() -> None:
+    """Warn about using pytz with Python 3.9 or later."""
+    warnings.warn(  # pragma: no cover
+        'Projects using Python 3.9 or later should be using the support now included as part of the standard library. '
+        'Please consider switching to the standard library (zoneinfo) module.'
+    )
+
+
+def get_timezones() -> Set[str]:
+    """Determine the timezone provider and return available timezones."""
+    if _is_available('zoneinfo') and _is_available('tzdata'):  # pragma: no cover
+        return _tz_provider_from_zone_info()
+    elif _is_available('pytz'):  # pragma: no cover
+        if sys.version_info[:2] > (3, 8):
+            _warn_about_pytz_usage()
+        return _tz_provider_from_pytz()
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        if sys.version_info[:2] == (3, 8):
+            raise ImportError('No pytz module found. Please install it with "pip install pytz"')
+        raise ImportError('No timezone provider found. Please install tzdata with "pip install tzdata"')
+
+
+class TimeZoneNameSettings(type):
+    def __new__(cls, name: str, bases: tuple[type, ...], dct: dict[str, Any], **kwargs: Any) -> Type[TimeZoneName]:
+        dct['strict'] = kwargs.pop('strict', True)
+        return cast(Type[TimeZoneName], super().__new__(cls, name, bases, dct))
+
+    def __init__(cls, name: str, bases: tuple[type, ...], dct: dict[str, Any], **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, bases, dct)
+        cls.strict = kwargs.get('strict', True)
+
+
+def timezone_name_settings(**kwargs: Any) -> Callable[[Type[TimeZoneName]], Type[TimeZoneName]]:
+    def wrapper(cls: Type[TimeZoneName]) -> Type[TimeZoneName]:
+        cls.strict = kwargs.get('strict', True)
+        return cls
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+@timezone_name_settings(strict=True)
+class TimeZoneName(str):
+    """
+    TimeZoneName is a custom string subclass for validating and serializing timezone names.
+
+    The TimeZoneName class uses the IANA Time Zone Database for validation.
+    It supports both strict and non-strict modes for timezone name validation.
+
+
+    ## Examples:
+
+    Some examples of using the TimeZoneName class:
+
+    ### Normal usage:
+
+    ```python
+    from pydantic_extra_types.timezone_name import TimeZoneName
+    from pydantic import BaseModel
+    class Location(BaseModel):
+        city: str
+        timezone: TimeZoneName
+
+    loc = Location(city="New York", timezone="America/New_York")
+    print(loc.timezone)
+
+    >> America/New_York
+
+    ```
+
+    ### Non-strict mode:
+
+    ```python
+
+    from pydantic_extra_types.timezone_name import TimeZoneName, timezone_name_settings
+
+    @timezone_name_settings(strict=False)
+    class TZNonStrict(TimeZoneName):
+        pass
+
+    tz = TZNonStrict("america/new_york")
+
+    print(tz)
+
+    >> america/new_york
+
+    ```
+    """
+
+    __slots__: List[str] = []
+    allowed_values: Set[str] = set(get_timezones())
+    allowed_values_list: List[str] = sorted(allowed_values)
+    allowed_values_upper_to_correct: dict[str, str] = {val.upper(): val for val in allowed_values}
+    strict: bool
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _validate(cls, __input_value: str, _: core_schema.ValidationInfo) -> TimeZoneName:
+        """
+        Validate a time zone name from the provided str value.
+
+        Args:
+            __input_value: The str value to be validated.
+            _: The Pydantic ValidationInfo.
+
+        Returns:
+            The validated time zone name.
+
+        Raises:
+            PydanticCustomError: If the timezone name is not valid.
+        """
+        if __input_value not in cls.allowed_values:  # be fast for the most common case
+            if not cls.strict:
+                upper_value = __input_value.strip().upper()
+                if upper_value in cls.allowed_values_upper_to_correct:
+                    return cls(cls.allowed_values_upper_to_correct[upper_value])
+            raise PydanticCustomError('TimeZoneName', 'Invalid timezone name.')
+        return cls(__input_value)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(
+        cls, _: Type[Any], __: GetCoreSchemaHandler
+    ) -> core_schema.AfterValidatorFunctionSchema:
+        """
+        Return a Pydantic CoreSchema with the timezone name validation.
+
+        Args:
+            _: The source type.
+            __: The handler to get the CoreSchema.
+
+        Returns:
+            A Pydantic CoreSchema with the timezone name validation.
+        """
+        return core_schema.with_info_after_validator_function(
+            cls._validate,
+            core_schema.str_schema(min_length=1),
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_json_schema__(
+        cls, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, handler: GetJsonSchemaHandler
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Return a Pydantic JSON Schema with the timezone name validation.
+
+        Args:
+            schema: The Pydantic CoreSchema.
+            handler: The handler to get the JSON Schema.
+
+        Returns:
+            A Pydantic JSON Schema with the timezone name validation.
+        """
+        json_schema = handler(schema)
+        json_schema.update({'enum': cls.allowed_values_list})
+        return json_schema
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 26f15d0..824db8c 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -47,12 +47,16 @@ dynamic = ['version']
 all = [
     'phonenumbers>=8,<9',
     'pycountry>=23',
+    'semver>=3.0.2',
     'python-ulid>=1,<2; python_version<"3.9"',
     'python-ulid>=1,<3; python_version>="3.9"',
-    'pendulum>=3.0.0,<4.0.0'
+    'pendulum>=3.0.0,<4.0.0',
+    'pytz>=2024.1',
+    'tzdata>=2024.1',
 ]
 phonenumbers = ['phonenumbers>=8,<9']
 pycountry = ['pycountry>=23']
+semver = ['semver>=3.0.2']
 python_ulid = [
     'python-ulid>=1,<2; python_version<"3.9"',
     'python-ulid>=1,<3; python_version>="3.9"',
diff --git a/requirements/linting.in b/requirements/linting.in
index 06a5fce..fa0f927 100644
--- a/requirements/linting.in
+++ b/requirements/linting.in
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ pre-commit
 mypy
 annotated-types
 ruff
+types-pytz
diff --git a/requirements/linting.txt b/requirements/linting.txt
index 1fdcce5..a117fc1 100644
--- a/requirements/linting.txt
+++ b/requirements/linting.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.12
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    pip-compile --no-emit-index-url --output-file=requirements/linting.txt requirements/linting.in
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ filelock==3.13.1
     # via virtualenv
 identify==2.5.35
     # via pre-commit
-mypy==1.10.0
+mypy==1.10.1
     # via -r requirements/linting.in
 mypy-extensions==1.0.0
     # via mypy
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ pre-commit==3.7.1
     # via -r requirements/linting.in
 pyyaml==6.0.1
     # via pre-commit
-ruff==0.4.7
+ruff==0.5.0
+    # via -r requirements/linting.in
+types-pytz==2024.1.0.20240417
     # via -r requirements/linting.in
 typing-extensions==4.10.0
     # via mypy
diff --git a/requirements/pyproject.txt b/requirements/pyproject.txt
index 1f30461..aab552b 100644
--- a/requirements/pyproject.txt
+++ b/requirements/pyproject.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ python-dateutil==2.8.2
     #   time-machine
 python-ulid==1.1.0
     # via pydantic-extra-types (pyproject.toml)
+semver==3.0.2
+    # via pydantic-extra-types (pyproject.toml)
 six==1.16.0
     # via python-dateutil
 time-machine==2.13.0
diff --git a/requirements/testing.txt b/requirements/testing.txt
index 72d9dfb..5a8a7f9 100644
--- a/requirements/testing.txt
+++ b/requirements/testing.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ charset-normalizer==3.3.2
     # via requests
 codecov==2.1.13
     # via -r requirements/testing.in
-coverage[toml]==7.5.3
+coverage[toml]==7.5.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/testing.in
     #   codecov
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pluggy==1.5.0
     # via pytest
 pygments==2.17.2
     # via rich
-pytest==8.2.1
+pytest==8.2.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/testing.in
     #   pytest-cov
diff --git a/tests/test_json_schema.py b/tests/test_json_schema.py
index 43ad932..c39c88f 100644
--- a/tests/test_json_schema.py
+++ b/tests/test_json_schema.py
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ from pydantic_extra_types.mac_address import MacAddress
 from pydantic_extra_types.payment import PaymentCardNumber
 from pydantic_extra_types.pendulum_dt import DateTime
 from pydantic_extra_types.script_code import ISO_15924
+from pydantic_extra_types.semantic_version import SemanticVersion
+from pydantic_extra_types.timezone_name import TimeZoneName
 from pydantic_extra_types.ulid import ULID
 
 languages = [lang.alpha_3 for lang in pycountry.languages]
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ everyday_currencies = [
 
 scripts = [script.alpha_4 for script in pycountry.scripts]
 
+timezone_names = TimeZoneName.allowed_values_list
+
 everyday_currencies.sort()
 
 
@@ -325,6 +329,31 @@ everyday_currencies.sort()
                 'type': 'object',
             },
         ),
+        (
+            SemanticVersion,
+            {
+                'properties': {'x': {'title': 'X', 'type': 'string'}},
+                'required': ['x'],
+                'title': 'Model',
+                'type': 'object',
+            },
+        ),
+        (
+            TimeZoneName,
+            {
+                'properties': {
+                    'x': {
+                        'title': 'X',
+                        'type': 'string',
+                        'enum': timezone_names,
+                        'minLength': 1,
+                    }
+                },
+                'required': ['x'],
+                'title': 'Model',
+                'type': 'object',
+            },
+        ),
     ],
 )
 def test_json_schema(cls, expected):
diff --git a/tests/test_semantic_version.py b/tests/test_semantic_version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc79bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_semantic_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import pytest
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+from pydantic_extra_types.semantic_version import SemanticVersion
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope='module', name='SemanticVersionObject')
+def application_object_fixture():
+    class Application(BaseModel):
+        version: SemanticVersion
+
+    return Application
+
+
+def test_valid_semantic_version(SemanticVersionObject):
+    application = SemanticVersionObject(version='1.0.0')
+    assert application.version
+    assert application.model_dump() == {'version': '1.0.0'}
+
+
+def test_invalid_semantic_version(SemanticVersionObject):
+    with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+        SemanticVersionObject(version='Peter Maffay')
diff --git a/tests/test_timezone_names.py b/tests/test_timezone_names.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d980092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_timezone_names.py
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+import re
+
+import pytest
+import pytz
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+from pydantic_core import PydanticCustomError
+
+from pydantic_extra_types.timezone_name import TimeZoneName, TimeZoneNameSettings, timezone_name_settings
+
+has_zone_info = True
+try:
+    from zoneinfo import available_timezones
+except ImportError:
+    has_zone_info = False
+
+pytz_zones_bad = [(zone.lower(), zone) for zone in pytz.all_timezones]
+pytz_zones_bad.extend([(f' {zone}', zone) for zone in pytz.all_timezones_set])
+
+
+class TZNameCheck(BaseModel):
+    timezone_name: TimeZoneName
+
+
+@timezone_name_settings(strict=False)
+class TZNonStrict(TimeZoneName):
+    pass
+
+
+class NonStrictTzName(BaseModel):
+    timezone_name: TZNonStrict
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('zone', pytz.all_timezones)
+def test_all_timezones_non_strict_pytz(zone):
+    assert TZNameCheck(timezone_name=zone).timezone_name == zone
+    assert NonStrictTzName(timezone_name=zone).timezone_name == zone
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('zone', pytz_zones_bad)
+def test_all_timezones_pytz_lower(zone):
+    assert NonStrictTzName(timezone_name=zone[0]).timezone_name == zone[1]
+
+
+def test_fail_non_existing_timezone():
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValidationError,
+        match=re.escape(
+            '1 validation error for TZNameCheck\n'
+            'timezone_name\n  '
+            'Invalid timezone name. '
+            "[type=TimeZoneName, input_value='mars', input_type=str]"
+        ),
+    ):
+        TZNameCheck(timezone_name='mars')
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValidationError,
+        match=re.escape(
+            '1 validation error for NonStrictTzName\n'
+            'timezone_name\n  '
+            'Invalid timezone name. '
+            "[type=TimeZoneName, input_value='mars', input_type=str]"
+        ),
+    ):
+        NonStrictTzName(timezone_name='mars')
+
+
+if has_zone_info:
+    zones = list(available_timezones())
+    zones.sort()
+    zones_bad = [(zone.lower(), zone) for zone in zones]
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('zone', zones)
+    def test_all_timezones_zone_info(zone):
+        assert TZNameCheck(timezone_name=zone).timezone_name == zone
+        assert NonStrictTzName(timezone_name=zone).timezone_name == zone
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize('zone', zones_bad)
+    def test_all_timezones_zone_info_NonStrict(zone):
+        assert NonStrictTzName(timezone_name=zone[0]).timezone_name == zone[1]
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_settings_metaclass():
+    class TestStrictTZ(TimeZoneName, strict=True, metaclass=TimeZoneNameSettings):
+        pass
+
+    class TestNonStrictTZ(TimeZoneName, strict=False, metaclass=TimeZoneNameSettings):
+        pass
+
+    assert TestStrictTZ.strict is True
+    assert TestNonStrictTZ.strict is False
+
+    # Test default value
+    class TestDefaultStrictTZ(TimeZoneName, metaclass=TimeZoneNameSettings):
+        pass
+
+    assert TestDefaultStrictTZ.strict is True
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_validation():
+    valid_tz = 'America/New_York'
+    invalid_tz = 'Invalid/Timezone'
+
+    assert TimeZoneName._validate(valid_tz, None) == valid_tz
+
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError):
+        TimeZoneName._validate(invalid_tz, None)
+
+    assert TZNonStrict._validate(valid_tz.lower(), None) == valid_tz
+    assert TZNonStrict._validate(f' {valid_tz} ', None) == valid_tz
+
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError):
+        TZNonStrict._validate(invalid_tz, None)
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_pydantic_core_schema():
+    schema = TimeZoneName.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(TimeZoneName, None)
+    assert isinstance(schema, dict)
+    assert schema['type'] == 'function-after'
+    assert 'function' in schema
+    assert 'schema' in schema
+    assert schema['schema']['type'] == 'str'
+    assert schema['schema']['min_length'] == 1
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_pydantic_json_schema():
+    core_schema = TimeZoneName.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(TimeZoneName, None)
+
+    class MockJsonSchemaHandler:
+        def __call__(self, schema):
+            return {'type': 'string'}
+
+    handler = MockJsonSchemaHandler()
+    json_schema = TimeZoneName.__get_pydantic_json_schema__(core_schema, handler)
+    assert 'enum' in json_schema
+    assert isinstance(json_schema['enum'], list)
+    assert len(json_schema['enum']) > 0
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_repr():
+    tz = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    assert repr(tz) == "'America/New_York'"
+    assert str(tz) == 'America/New_York'
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_allowed_values():
+    assert isinstance(TimeZoneName.allowed_values, set)
+    assert len(TimeZoneName.allowed_values) > 0
+    assert all(isinstance(tz, str) for tz in TimeZoneName.allowed_values)
+
+    assert isinstance(TimeZoneName.allowed_values_list, list)
+    assert len(TimeZoneName.allowed_values_list) > 0
+    assert all(isinstance(tz, str) for tz in TimeZoneName.allowed_values_list)
+
+    assert isinstance(TimeZoneName.allowed_values_upper_to_correct, dict)
+    assert len(TimeZoneName.allowed_values_upper_to_correct) > 0
+    assert all(
+        isinstance(k, str) and isinstance(v, str) for k, v in TimeZoneName.allowed_values_upper_to_correct.items()
+    )
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_inheritance():
+    class CustomTZ(TimeZoneName, metaclass=TimeZoneNameSettings):
+        pass
+
+    assert issubclass(CustomTZ, TimeZoneName)
+    assert issubclass(CustomTZ, str)
+    assert isinstance(CustomTZ('America/New_York'), (CustomTZ, TimeZoneName, str))
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_string_operations():
+    tz = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    assert tz.upper() == 'AMERICA/NEW_YORK'
+    assert tz.lower() == 'america/new_york'
+    assert tz.strip() == 'America/New_York'
+    assert f'{tz} Time' == 'America/New_York Time'
+    assert tz.startswith('America')
+    assert tz.endswith('York')
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_comparison():
+    tz1 = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    tz2 = TimeZoneName('Europe/London')
+    tz3 = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+
+    assert tz1 == tz3
+    assert tz1 != tz2
+    assert tz1 < tz2  # Alphabetical comparison
+    assert tz2 > tz1
+    assert tz1 <= tz3
+    assert tz1 >= tz3
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_hash():
+    tz1 = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    tz2 = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    tz3 = TimeZoneName('Europe/London')
+
+    assert hash(tz1) == hash(tz2)
+    assert hash(tz1) != hash(tz3)
+
+    tz_set = {tz1, tz2, tz3}
+    assert len(tz_set) == 2
+
+
+def test_timezone_name_slots():
+    tz = TimeZoneName('America/New_York')
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
+        tz.new_attribute = 'test'