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+//! Various utilities for working with files and paths.
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use filetime::FileTime;
+use std::env;
+use std::ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
+use std::fs::{self, File, OpenOptions};
+use std::io;
+use std::io::prelude::*;
+use std::iter;
+use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
+use tempfile::Builder as TempFileBuilder;
+
+/// Joins paths into a string suitable for the `PATH` environment variable.
+///
+/// This is equivalent to [`std::env::join_paths`], but includes a more
+/// detailed error message. The given `env` argument is the name of the
+/// environment variable this is will be used for, which is included in the
+/// error message.
+pub fn join_paths<T: AsRef<OsStr>>(paths: &[T], env: &str) -> Result<OsString> {
+ env::join_paths(paths.iter()).with_context(|| {
+ let mut message = format!(
+ "failed to join paths from `${env}` together\n\n\
+ Check if any of path segments listed below contain an \
+ unterminated quote character or path separator:"
+ );
+ for path in paths {
+ use std::fmt::Write;
+ write!(&mut message, "\n {:?}", Path::new(path)).unwrap();
+ }
+
+ message
+ })
+}
+
+/// Returns the name of the environment variable used for searching for
+/// dynamic libraries.
+pub fn dylib_path_envvar() -> &'static str {
+ if cfg!(windows) {
+ "PATH"
+ } else if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+ // When loading and linking a dynamic library or bundle, dlopen
+ // searches in LD_LIBRARY_PATH, DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, PWD, and
+ // DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH.
+ // In the Mach-O format, a dynamic library has an "install path."
+ // Clients linking against the library record this path, and the
+ // dynamic linker, dyld, uses it to locate the library.
+ // dyld searches DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH *before* the install path.
+ // dyld searches DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH only if it cannot
+ // find the library in the install path.
+ // Setting DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH can easily have unintended
+ // consequences.
+ //
+ // Also, DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH appears to have significant performance
+ // penalty starting in 10.13. Cargo's testsuite ran more than twice as
+ // slow with it on CI.
+ "DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH"
+ } else {
+ "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
+ }
+}
+
+/// Returns a list of directories that are searched for dynamic libraries.
+///
+/// Note that some operating systems will have defaults if this is empty that
+/// will need to be dealt with.
+pub fn dylib_path() -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+ match env::var_os(dylib_path_envvar()) {
+ Some(var) => env::split_paths(&var).collect(),
+ None => Vec::new(),
+ }
+}
+
+/// Normalize a path, removing things like `.` and `..`.
+///
+/// CAUTION: This does not resolve symlinks (unlike
+/// [`std::fs::canonicalize`]). This may cause incorrect or surprising
+/// behavior at times. This should be used carefully. Unfortunately,
+/// [`std::fs::canonicalize`] can be hard to use correctly, since it can often
+/// fail, or on Windows returns annoying device paths. This is a problem Cargo
+/// needs to improve on.
+pub fn normalize_path(path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+ let mut components = path.components().peekable();
+ let mut ret = if let Some(c @ Component::Prefix(..)) = components.peek().cloned() {
+ components.next();
+ PathBuf::from(c.as_os_str())
+ } else {
+ PathBuf::new()
+ };
+
+ for component in components {
+ match component {
+ Component::Prefix(..) => unreachable!(),
+ Component::RootDir => {
+ ret.push(component.as_os_str());
+ }
+ Component::CurDir => {}
+ Component::ParentDir => {
+ ret.pop();
+ }
+ Component::Normal(c) => {
+ ret.push(c);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ ret
+}
+
+/// Returns the absolute path of where the given executable is located based
+/// on searching the `PATH` environment variable.
+///
+/// Returns an error if it cannot be found.
+pub fn resolve_executable(exec: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf> {
+ if exec.components().count() == 1 {
+ let paths = env::var_os("PATH").ok_or_else(|| anyhow::format_err!("no PATH"))?;
+ let candidates = env::split_paths(&paths).flat_map(|path| {
+ let candidate = path.join(&exec);
+ let with_exe = if env::consts::EXE_EXTENSION.is_empty() {
+ None
+ } else {
+ Some(candidate.with_extension(env::consts::EXE_EXTENSION))
+ };
+ iter::once(candidate).chain(with_exe)
+ });
+ for candidate in candidates {
+ if candidate.is_file() {
+ return Ok(candidate);
+ }
+ }
+
+ anyhow::bail!("no executable for `{}` found in PATH", exec.display())
+ } else {
+ Ok(exec.into())
+ }
+}
+
+/// Reads a file to a string.
+///
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::read_to_string`] with better error messages.
+pub fn read(path: &Path) -> Result<String> {
+ match String::from_utf8(read_bytes(path)?) {
+ Ok(s) => Ok(s),
+ Err(_) => anyhow::bail!("path at `{}` was not valid utf-8", path.display()),
+ }
+}
+
+/// Reads a file into a bytes vector.
+///
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::read`] with better error messages.
+pub fn read_bytes(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+ fs::read(path).with_context(|| format!("failed to read `{}`", path.display()))
+}
+
+/// Writes a file to disk.
+///
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::write`] with better error messages.
+pub fn write<P: AsRef<Path>, C: AsRef<[u8]>>(path: P, contents: C) -> Result<()> {
+ let path = path.as_ref();
+ fs::write(path, contents.as_ref())
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to write `{}`", path.display()))
+}
+
+/// Equivalent to [`write()`], but does not write anything if the file contents
+/// are identical to the given contents.
+pub fn write_if_changed<P: AsRef<Path>, C: AsRef<[u8]>>(path: P, contents: C) -> Result<()> {
+ (|| -> Result<()> {
+ let contents = contents.as_ref();
+ let mut f = OpenOptions::new()
+ .read(true)
+ .write(true)
+ .create(true)
+ .open(&path)?;
+ let mut orig = Vec::new();
+ f.read_to_end(&mut orig)?;
+ if orig != contents {
+ f.set_len(0)?;
+ f.seek(io::SeekFrom::Start(0))?;
+ f.write_all(contents)?;
+ }
+ Ok(())
+ })()
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to write `{}`", path.as_ref().display()))?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Equivalent to [`write()`], but appends to the end instead of replacing the
+/// contents.
+pub fn append(path: &Path, contents: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+ (|| -> Result<()> {
+ let mut f = OpenOptions::new()
+ .write(true)
+ .append(true)
+ .create(true)
+ .open(path)?;
+
+ f.write_all(contents)?;
+ Ok(())
+ })()
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to write `{}`", path.display()))?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Creates a new file.
+pub fn create<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<File> {
+ let path = path.as_ref();
+ File::create(path).with_context(|| format!("failed to create file `{}`", path.display()))
+}
+
+/// Opens an existing file.
+pub fn open<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<File> {
+ let path = path.as_ref();
+ File::open(path).with_context(|| format!("failed to open file `{}`", path.display()))
+}
+
+/// Returns the last modification time of a file.
+pub fn mtime(path: &Path) -> Result<FileTime> {
+ let meta =
+ fs::metadata(path).with_context(|| format!("failed to stat `{}`", path.display()))?;
+ Ok(FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&meta))
+}
+
+/// Returns the maximum mtime of the given path, recursing into
+/// subdirectories, and following symlinks.
+pub fn mtime_recursive(path: &Path) -> Result<FileTime> {
+ let meta =
+ fs::metadata(path).with_context(|| format!("failed to stat `{}`", path.display()))?;
+ if !meta.is_dir() {
+ return Ok(FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&meta));
+ }
+ let max_meta = walkdir::WalkDir::new(path)
+ .follow_links(true)
+ .into_iter()
+ .filter_map(|e| match e {
+ Ok(e) => Some(e),
+ Err(e) => {
+ // Ignore errors while walking. If Cargo can't access it, the
+ // build script probably can't access it, either.
+ log::debug!("failed to determine mtime while walking directory: {}", e);
+ None
+ }
+ })
+ .filter_map(|e| {
+ if e.path_is_symlink() {
+ // Use the mtime of both the symlink and its target, to
+ // handle the case where the symlink is modified to a
+ // different target.
+ let sym_meta = match std::fs::symlink_metadata(e.path()) {
+ Ok(m) => m,
+ Err(err) => {
+ // I'm not sure when this is really possible (maybe a
+ // race with unlinking?). Regardless, if Cargo can't
+ // read it, the build script probably can't either.
+ log::debug!(
+ "failed to determine mtime while fetching symlink metadata of {}: {}",
+ e.path().display(),
+ err
+ );
+ return None;
+ }
+ };
+ let sym_mtime = FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&sym_meta);
+ // Walkdir follows symlinks.
+ match e.metadata() {
+ Ok(target_meta) => {
+ let target_mtime = FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&target_meta);
+ Some(sym_mtime.max(target_mtime))
+ }
+ Err(err) => {
+ // Can't access the symlink target. If Cargo can't
+ // access it, the build script probably can't access
+ // it either.
+ log::debug!(
+ "failed to determine mtime of symlink target for {}: {}",
+ e.path().display(),
+ err
+ );
+ Some(sym_mtime)
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ let meta = match e.metadata() {
+ Ok(m) => m,
+ Err(err) => {
+ // I'm not sure when this is really possible (maybe a
+ // race with unlinking?). Regardless, if Cargo can't
+ // read it, the build script probably can't either.
+ log::debug!(
+ "failed to determine mtime while fetching metadata of {}: {}",
+ e.path().display(),
+ err
+ );
+ return None;
+ }
+ };
+ Some(FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&meta))
+ }
+ })
+ .max()
+ // or_else handles the case where there are no files in the directory.
+ .unwrap_or_else(|| FileTime::from_last_modification_time(&meta));
+ Ok(max_meta)
+}
+
+/// Record the current time on the filesystem (using the filesystem's clock)
+/// using a file at the given directory. Returns the current time.
+pub fn set_invocation_time(path: &Path) -> Result<FileTime> {
+ // note that if `FileTime::from_system_time(SystemTime::now());` is determined to be sufficient,
+ // then this can be removed.
+ let timestamp = path.join("invoked.timestamp");
+ write(
+ &timestamp,
+ "This file has an mtime of when this was started.",
+ )?;
+ let ft = mtime(&timestamp)?;
+ log::debug!("invocation time for {:?} is {}", path, ft);
+ Ok(ft)
+}
+
+/// Converts a path to UTF-8 bytes.
+pub fn path2bytes(path: &Path) -> Result<&[u8]> {
+ #[cfg(unix)]
+ {
+ use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+ Ok(path.as_os_str().as_bytes())
+ }
+ #[cfg(windows)]
+ {
+ match path.as_os_str().to_str() {
+ Some(s) => Ok(s.as_bytes()),
+ None => Err(anyhow::format_err!(
+ "invalid non-unicode path: {}",
+ path.display()
+ )),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// Converts UTF-8 bytes to a path.
+pub fn bytes2path(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<PathBuf> {
+ #[cfg(unix)]
+ {
+ use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+ Ok(PathBuf::from(OsStr::from_bytes(bytes)))
+ }
+ #[cfg(windows)]
+ {
+ use std::str;
+ match str::from_utf8(bytes) {
+ Ok(s) => Ok(PathBuf::from(s)),
+ Err(..) => Err(anyhow::format_err!("invalid non-unicode path")),
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// Returns an iterator that walks up the directory hierarchy towards the root.
+///
+/// Each item is a [`Path`]. It will start with the given path, finishing at
+/// the root. If the `stop_root_at` parameter is given, it will stop at the
+/// given path (which will be the last item).
+pub fn ancestors<'a>(path: &'a Path, stop_root_at: Option<&Path>) -> PathAncestors<'a> {
+ PathAncestors::new(path, stop_root_at)
+}
+
+pub struct PathAncestors<'a> {
+ current: Option<&'a Path>,
+ stop_at: Option<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> PathAncestors<'a> {
+ fn new(path: &'a Path, stop_root_at: Option<&Path>) -> PathAncestors<'a> {
+ let stop_at = env::var("__CARGO_TEST_ROOT")
+ .ok()
+ .map(PathBuf::from)
+ .or_else(|| stop_root_at.map(|p| p.to_path_buf()));
+ PathAncestors {
+ current: Some(path),
+ //HACK: avoid reading `~/.cargo/config` when testing Cargo itself.
+ stop_at,
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Iterator for PathAncestors<'a> {
+ type Item = &'a Path;
+
+ fn next(&mut self) -> Option<&'a Path> {
+ if let Some(path) = self.current {
+ self.current = path.parent();
+
+ if let Some(ref stop_at) = self.stop_at {
+ if path == stop_at {
+ self.current = None;
+ }
+ }
+
+ Some(path)
+ } else {
+ None
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::create_dir_all`] with better error messages.
+pub fn create_dir_all(p: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<()> {
+ _create_dir_all(p.as_ref())
+}
+
+fn _create_dir_all(p: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+ fs::create_dir_all(p)
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to create directory `{}`", p.display()))?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Recursively remove all files and directories at the given directory.
+///
+/// This does *not* follow symlinks.
+pub fn remove_dir_all<P: AsRef<Path>>(p: P) -> Result<()> {
+ _remove_dir_all(p.as_ref())
+}
+
+fn _remove_dir_all(p: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+ if p.symlink_metadata()
+ .with_context(|| format!("could not get metadata for `{}` to remove", p.display()))?
+ .is_symlink()
+ {
+ return remove_file(p);
+ }
+ let entries = p
+ .read_dir()
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to read directory `{}`", p.display()))?;
+ for entry in entries {
+ let entry = entry?;
+ let path = entry.path();
+ if entry.file_type()?.is_dir() {
+ remove_dir_all(&path)?;
+ } else {
+ remove_file(&path)?;
+ }
+ }
+ remove_dir(&p)
+}
+
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::remove_dir`] with better error messages.
+pub fn remove_dir<P: AsRef<Path>>(p: P) -> Result<()> {
+ _remove_dir(p.as_ref())
+}
+
+fn _remove_dir(p: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+ fs::remove_dir(p).with_context(|| format!("failed to remove directory `{}`", p.display()))?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::remove_file`] with better error messages.
+///
+/// If the file is readonly, this will attempt to change the permissions to
+/// force the file to be deleted.
+pub fn remove_file<P: AsRef<Path>>(p: P) -> Result<()> {
+ _remove_file(p.as_ref())
+}
+
+fn _remove_file(p: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+ let mut err = match fs::remove_file(p) {
+ Ok(()) => return Ok(()),
+ Err(e) => e,
+ };
+
+ if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied && set_not_readonly(p).unwrap_or(false) {
+ match fs::remove_file(p) {
+ Ok(()) => return Ok(()),
+ Err(e) => err = e,
+ }
+ }
+
+ Err(err).with_context(|| format!("failed to remove file `{}`", p.display()))?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+fn set_not_readonly(p: &Path) -> io::Result<bool> {
+ let mut perms = p.metadata()?.permissions();
+ if !perms.readonly() {
+ return Ok(false);
+ }
+ perms.set_readonly(false);
+ fs::set_permissions(p, perms)?;
+ Ok(true)
+}
+
+/// Hardlink (file) or symlink (dir) src to dst if possible, otherwise copy it.
+///
+/// If the destination already exists, it is removed before linking.
+pub fn link_or_copy(src: impl AsRef<Path>, dst: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<()> {
+ let src = src.as_ref();
+ let dst = dst.as_ref();
+ _link_or_copy(src, dst)
+}
+
+fn _link_or_copy(src: &Path, dst: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+ log::debug!("linking {} to {}", src.display(), dst.display());
+ if same_file::is_same_file(src, dst).unwrap_or(false) {
+ return Ok(());
+ }
+
+ // NB: we can't use dst.exists(), as if dst is a broken symlink,
+ // dst.exists() will return false. This is problematic, as we still need to
+ // unlink dst in this case. symlink_metadata(dst).is_ok() will tell us
+ // whether dst exists *without* following symlinks, which is what we want.
+ if fs::symlink_metadata(dst).is_ok() {
+ remove_file(&dst)?;
+ }
+
+ let link_result = if src.is_dir() {
+ #[cfg(target_os = "redox")]
+ use std::os::redox::fs::symlink;
+ #[cfg(unix)]
+ use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
+ #[cfg(windows)]
+ // FIXME: This should probably panic or have a copy fallback. Symlinks
+ // are not supported in all windows environments. Currently symlinking
+ // is only used for .dSYM directories on macos, but this shouldn't be
+ // accidentally relied upon.
+ use std::os::windows::fs::symlink_dir as symlink;
+
+ let dst_dir = dst.parent().unwrap();
+ let src = if src.starts_with(dst_dir) {
+ src.strip_prefix(dst_dir).unwrap()
+ } else {
+ src
+ };
+ symlink(src, dst)
+ } else if env::var_os("__CARGO_COPY_DONT_LINK_DO_NOT_USE_THIS").is_some() {
+ // This is a work-around for a bug in macOS 10.15. When running on
+ // APFS, there seems to be a strange race condition with
+ // Gatekeeper where it will forcefully kill a process launched via
+ // `cargo run` with SIGKILL. Copying seems to avoid the problem.
+ // This shouldn't affect anyone except Cargo's test suite because
+ // it is very rare, and only seems to happen under heavy load and
+ // rapidly creating lots of executables and running them.
+ // See https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/7821 for the
+ // gory details.
+ fs::copy(src, dst).map(|_| ())
+ } else {
+ if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+ // This is a work-around for a bug on macos. There seems to be a race condition
+ // with APFS when hard-linking binaries. Gatekeeper does not have signing or
+ // hash information stored in kernel when running the process. Therefore killing it.
+ // This problem does not appear when copying files as kernel has time to process it.
+ // Note that: fs::copy on macos is using CopyOnWrite (syscall fclonefileat) which should be
+ // as fast as hardlinking.
+ // See https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/10060 for the details
+ fs::copy(src, dst).map(|_| ())
+ } else {
+ fs::hard_link(src, dst)
+ }
+ };
+ link_result
+ .or_else(|err| {
+ log::debug!("link failed {}. falling back to fs::copy", err);
+ fs::copy(src, dst).map(|_| ())
+ })
+ .with_context(|| {
+ format!(
+ "failed to link or copy `{}` to `{}`",
+ src.display(),
+ dst.display()
+ )
+ })?;
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Copies a file from one location to another.
+///
+/// Equivalent to [`std::fs::copy`] with better error messages.
+pub fn copy<P: AsRef<Path>, Q: AsRef<Path>>(from: P, to: Q) -> Result<u64> {
+ let from = from.as_ref();
+ let to = to.as_ref();
+ fs::copy(from, to)
+ .with_context(|| format!("failed to copy `{}` to `{}`", from.display(), to.display()))
+}
+
+/// Changes the filesystem mtime (and atime if possible) for the given file.
+///
+/// This intentionally does not return an error, as this is sometimes not
+/// supported on network filesystems. For the current uses in Cargo, this is a
+/// "best effort" approach, and errors shouldn't be propagated.
+pub fn set_file_time_no_err<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P, time: FileTime) {
+ let path = path.as_ref();
+ match filetime::set_file_times(path, time, time) {
+ Ok(()) => log::debug!("set file mtime {} to {}", path.display(), time),
+ Err(e) => log::warn!(
+ "could not set mtime of {} to {}: {:?}",
+ path.display(),
+ time,
+ e
+ ),
+ }
+}
+
+/// Strips `base` from `path`.
+///
+/// This canonicalizes both paths before stripping. This is useful if the
+/// paths are obtained in different ways, and one or the other may or may not
+/// have been normalized in some way.
+pub fn strip_prefix_canonical<P: AsRef<Path>>(
+ path: P,
+ base: P,
+) -> Result<PathBuf, std::path::StripPrefixError> {
+ // Not all filesystems support canonicalize. Just ignore if it doesn't work.
+ let safe_canonicalize = |path: &Path| match path.canonicalize() {
+ Ok(p) => p,
+ Err(e) => {
+ log::warn!("cannot canonicalize {:?}: {:?}", path, e);
+ path.to_path_buf()
+ }
+ };
+ let canon_path = safe_canonicalize(path.as_ref());
+ let canon_base = safe_canonicalize(base.as_ref());
+ canon_path.strip_prefix(canon_base).map(|p| p.to_path_buf())
+}
+
+/// Creates an excluded from cache directory atomically with its parents as needed.
+///
+/// The atomicity only covers creating the leaf directory and exclusion from cache. Any missing
+/// parent directories will not be created in an atomic manner.
+///
+/// This function is idempotent and in addition to that it won't exclude ``p`` from cache if it
+/// already exists.
+pub fn create_dir_all_excluded_from_backups_atomic(p: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<()> {
+ let path = p.as_ref();
+ if path.is_dir() {
+ return Ok(());
+ }
+
+ let parent = path.parent().unwrap();
+ let base = path.file_name().unwrap();
+ create_dir_all(parent)?;
+ // We do this in two steps (first create a temporary directory and exclude
+ // it from backups, then rename it to the desired name. If we created the
+ // directory directly where it should be and then excluded it from backups
+ // we would risk a situation where cargo is interrupted right after the directory
+ // creation but before the exclusion the directory would remain non-excluded from
+ // backups because we only perform exclusion right after we created the directory
+ // ourselves.
+ //
+ // We need the tempdir created in parent instead of $TMP, because only then we can be
+ // easily sure that rename() will succeed (the new name needs to be on the same mount
+ // point as the old one).
+ let tempdir = TempFileBuilder::new().prefix(base).tempdir_in(parent)?;
+ exclude_from_backups(tempdir.path());
+ exclude_from_content_indexing(tempdir.path());
+ // Previously std::fs::create_dir_all() (through paths::create_dir_all()) was used
+ // here to create the directory directly and fs::create_dir_all() explicitly treats
+ // the directory being created concurrently by another thread or process as success,
+ // hence the check below to follow the existing behavior. If we get an error at
+ // rename() and suddenly the directory (which didn't exist a moment earlier) exists
+ // we can infer from it's another cargo process doing work.
+ if let Err(e) = fs::rename(tempdir.path(), path) {
+ if !path.exists() {
+ return Err(anyhow::Error::from(e));
+ }
+ }
+ Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Mark an existing directory as excluded from backups and indexing.
+///
+/// Errors in marking it are ignored.
+pub fn exclude_from_backups_and_indexing(p: impl AsRef<Path>) {
+ let path = p.as_ref();
+ exclude_from_backups(path);
+ exclude_from_content_indexing(path);
+}
+
+/// Marks the directory as excluded from archives/backups.
+///
+/// This is recommended to prevent derived/temporary files from bloating backups. There are two
+/// mechanisms used to achieve this right now:
+///
+/// * A dedicated resource property excluding from Time Machine backups on macOS
+/// * CACHEDIR.TAG files supported by various tools in a platform-independent way
+fn exclude_from_backups(path: &Path) {
+ exclude_from_time_machine(path);
+ let _ = std::fs::write(
+ path.join("CACHEDIR.TAG"),
+ "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55
+# This file is a cache directory tag created by cargo.
+# For information about cache directory tags see https://bford.info/cachedir/
+",
+ );
+ // Similarly to exclude_from_time_machine() we ignore errors here as it's an optional feature.
+}
+
+/// Marks the directory as excluded from content indexing.
+///
+/// This is recommended to prevent the content of derived/temporary files from being indexed.
+/// This is very important for Windows users, as the live content indexing significantly slows
+/// cargo's I/O operations.
+///
+/// This is currently a no-op on non-Windows platforms.
+fn exclude_from_content_indexing(path: &Path) {
+ #[cfg(windows)]
+ {
+ use std::iter::once;
+ use std::os::windows::prelude::OsStrExt;
+ use windows_sys::Win32::Storage::FileSystem::{
+ GetFileAttributesW, SetFileAttributesW, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
+ };
+
+ let path: Vec<u16> = path.as_os_str().encode_wide().chain(once(0)).collect();
+ unsafe {
+ SetFileAttributesW(
+ path.as_ptr(),
+ GetFileAttributesW(path.as_ptr()) | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED,
+ );
+ }
+ }
+ #[cfg(not(windows))]
+ {
+ let _ = path;
+ }
+}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+fn exclude_from_time_machine(_: &Path) {}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+/// Marks files or directories as excluded from Time Machine on macOS
+fn exclude_from_time_machine(path: &Path) {
+ use core_foundation::base::TCFType;
+ use core_foundation::{number, string, url};
+ use std::ptr;
+
+ // For compatibility with 10.7 a string is used instead of global kCFURLIsExcludedFromBackupKey
+ let is_excluded_key: Result<string::CFString, _> = "NSURLIsExcludedFromBackupKey".parse();
+ let path = url::CFURL::from_path(path, false);
+ if let (Some(path), Ok(is_excluded_key)) = (path, is_excluded_key) {
+ unsafe {
+ url::CFURLSetResourcePropertyForKey(
+ path.as_concrete_TypeRef(),
+ is_excluded_key.as_concrete_TypeRef(),
+ number::kCFBooleanTrue as *const _,
+ ptr::null_mut(),
+ );
+ }
+ }
+ // Errors are ignored, since it's an optional feature and failure
+ // doesn't prevent Cargo from working
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+ use super::join_paths;
+
+ #[test]
+ fn join_paths_lists_paths_on_error() {
+ let valid_paths = vec!["/testing/one", "/testing/two"];
+ // does not fail on valid input
+ let _joined = join_paths(&valid_paths, "TESTING1").unwrap();
+
+ #[cfg(unix)]
+ {
+ let invalid_paths = vec!["/testing/one", "/testing/t:wo/three"];
+ let err = join_paths(&invalid_paths, "TESTING2").unwrap_err();
+ assert_eq!(
+ err.to_string(),
+ "failed to join paths from `$TESTING2` together\n\n\
+ Check if any of path segments listed below contain an \
+ unterminated quote character or path separator:\
+ \n \"/testing/one\"\
+ \n \"/testing/t:wo/three\"\
+ "
+ );
+ }
+ #[cfg(windows)]
+ {
+ let invalid_paths = vec!["/testing/one", "/testing/t\"wo/three"];
+ let err = join_paths(&invalid_paths, "TESTING2").unwrap_err();
+ assert_eq!(
+ err.to_string(),
+ "failed to join paths from `$TESTING2` together\n\n\
+ Check if any of path segments listed below contain an \
+ unterminated quote character or path separator:\
+ \n \"/testing/one\"\
+ \n \"/testing/t\\\"wo/three\"\
+ "
+ );
+ }
+ }
+}
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-12-18 18:25:25 +0000