path: root/po/sv/man7/user_namespaces.7.po

# Swedish translation of manpages
# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package.
# Copyright © of this file:
# Göran Uddeborg <goeran@uddeborg.se>, 2023, 2024.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.19.0\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:33+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-05-09 11:39+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Göran Uddeborg <goeran@uddeborg.se>\n"
"Language-Team: Swedish <Tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
"Language: sv\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "user_namespaces"
msgstr "user_namespaces"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-05-02"
msgstr "2 maj 2024"

#. type: TH
#: archlinux debian-unstable
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NAME"
msgstr "NAMN"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "user_namespaces - overview of Linux user namespaces"
msgstr "user_namespaces — översikt över Linux användarnamnrymder"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "DESCRIPTION"
msgstr "BESKRIVNING"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "For an overview of namespaces, see B<namespaces>(7)."
msgstr "För en översikt över namnrymder, se B<namespaces>(7)."

#
#.  FIXME: This page says very little about the interaction
#.  of user namespaces and keys. Add something on this topic.
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"User namespaces isolate security-related identifiers and attributes, in "
"particular, user IDs and group IDs (see B<credentials>(7)), the root "
"directory, keys (see B<keyrings>(7)), and capabilities (see "
"B<capabilities>(7)).  A process's user and group IDs can be different inside "
"and outside a user namespace.  In particular, a process can have a normal "
"unprivileged user ID outside a user namespace while at the same time having "
"a user ID of 0 inside the namespace; in other words, the process has full "
"privileges for operations inside the user namespace, but is unprivileged for "
"operations outside the namespace."
msgstr ""
"Användarnamnrymder isolerar säkerhetsrelaterade identifierare och attribut, "
"mer exakt, användar-ID:n och grupp-ID:n (se B<credentials>(7)), "
"rotkatalogen, nycklar (se B<keyring>(7)) och förmågor (se "
"B<capabilities>(7)). En process användar- och grupp-ID:n kan vara olika "
"inuti och utanför en användarnamnrymd. I synnerhet kan en process ha ett "
"normalt oprivilegierat användar-ID utanför en användarnamnrymd medan den på "
"samma gång har användar-ID:t 0 inuti namnrymden; med andra ord, processen "
"har fullständiga rättigheter vid åtgärder inuti användarnamnrymden, men är "
"oprivilegierad vid åtgärder utanför namnrymden."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Nested namespaces, namespace membership"
msgstr "Nästade namnrymder, medlemskap i namnrymder"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"User namespaces can be nested; that is, each user namespace\\[em]except the "
"initial (\"root\")  namespace\\[em]has a parent user namespace, and can have "
"zero or more child user namespaces.  The parent user namespace is the user "
"namespace of the process that creates the user namespace via a call to "
"B<unshare>(2)  or B<clone>(2)  with the B<CLONE_NEWUSER> flag."
msgstr ""
"Användarnamnrymder kan nästas; det vill säga, varje användarnamnrymd \\[em] "
"utom den initiala (”rot-”)namnrymden \\[em] har en föräldraanvändarnamnrymd, "
"och kan ha noll eller flera barnanvändarnamnrymder. "
"Föräldraanvändarnamnrymden är användarnamnrymden för processen som skapar "
"användarnamnrymden via ett anrop av B<unshare>(2) eller B<clone>(2) med "
"flaggan B<CLONE_NEWUSER>."

#.  commit 8742f229b635bf1c1c84a3dfe5e47c814c20b5c8
#.  FIXME Explain the rationale for this limit. (What is the rationale?)
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The kernel imposes (since Linux 3.11) a limit of 32 nested levels of user "
"namespaces.  Calls to B<unshare>(2)  or B<clone>(2)  that would cause this "
"limit to be exceeded fail with the error B<EUSERS>."
msgstr ""
"Kärnan lägger (från Linux 3.11) en gräns på 32 nästade nivåer med "
"användarnamnrymder. Anrop av B<unshare>(2) eller B<clone>(2) som annars "
"skulle orsaka att denna gräns överskrids misslyckas med felet B<EUSERS>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Each process is a member of exactly one user namespace.  A process created "
"via B<fork>(2)  or B<clone>(2)  without the B<CLONE_NEWUSER> flag is a "
"member of the same user namespace as its parent.  A single-threaded process "
"can join another user namespace with B<setns>(2)  if it has the "
"B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> in that namespace; upon doing so, it gains a full set of "
"capabilities in that namespace."
msgstr ""
"Varje process är medlem i exakt en användarnamnrymd. En process som skapas "
"via B<fork>(2) eller B<clone>(2) utan flaggan B<CLONE_NEWUSER> är medlem av "
"samma användarnamnrymd som sin förälder. En enkeltrådad process kan gå in i "
"en annan användarnamnrymd med B<setns>(2) om den har B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> i den "
"namnrymden; när den gör det får den en fullständig uppsättning av förmågor i "
"den namnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A call to B<clone>(2)  or B<unshare>(2)  with the B<CLONE_NEWUSER> flag "
"makes the new child process (for B<clone>(2))  or the caller (for "
"B<unshare>(2))  a member of the new user namespace created by the call."
msgstr ""
"Ett anrop av B<clone>(2) eller B<unshare>(2) med flaggan B<CLONE_NEWUSER> "
"gör den nya barnprocessen (för B<clone>(2)) eller anroparen (för "
"B<unshare>(2)) medlem av den nya användarnamnrymden som skapas av anropet."

# #-#-#-#-#  debian-bullseye: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#
# #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#
# #-#-#-#-#  fedora-38: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#
# #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#
# #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-5: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#
#. #-#-#-#-#  archlinux: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-bookworm: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  debian-unstable: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-40: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  fedora-rawhide: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  mageia-cauldron: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-leap-15-6: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#. #-#-#-#-#  opensuse-tumbleweed: user_namespaces.7.pot (PACKAGE VERSION)  #-#-#-#-#
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<NS_GET_PARENT> B<ioctl>(2)  operation can be used to discover the "
"parental relationship between user namespaces; see B<ioctl_ns>(2)."
msgstr ""
"Åtgärden B<NS_GET_PARENT> till B<ioctl>(2) kan användas för att upptäcka "
"föräldrarelationen mellan användarnamnrymder; se B<ioctl_ns>(2)."

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A task that changes one of its effective IDs will have its dumpability reset "
"to the value in I</proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable>.  This may affect the "
"ownership of proc files of child processes and may thus cause the parent to "
"lack the permissions to write to mapping files of child processes running in "
"a new user namespace.  In such cases making the parent process dumpable, "
"using B<PR_SET_DUMPABLE> in a call to B<prctl>(2), before creating a child "
"process in a new user namespace may rectify this problem.  See B<prctl>(2)  "
"and B<proc>(5)  for details on how ownership is affected."
msgstr ""
"En uppgift som ändrar ett av sina effektiva ID:n kommer ha sin dumpbarhet "
"återställd till värdet i I</proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable>. Detta kan påverka "
"ägandet av proc-filer för barnprocesser och kan alltså orsaka att föräldern "
"kommer att sakna rättigheter att skriva till avbildningsfiler för "
"barnprocesser som kör i en ny användarnamnrymd. I dessa fall kan man genom "
"att göra processen dumpbar med B<PR_SET_DUMPABLE> i ett anrop av B<prctl>(2) "
"före en barnprocess skapas i en ny användarnamnrymd åtgärda detta problem. "
"Se B<prctl>82) och B<proc>(5) för detaljer om hur ägarskap påverkas."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Capabilities"
msgstr "Förmågor"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The child process created by B<clone>(2)  with the B<CLONE_NEWUSER> flag "
"starts out with a complete set of capabilities in the new user namespace.  "
"Likewise, a process that creates a new user namespace using B<unshare>(2)  "
"or joins an existing user namespace using B<setns>(2)  gains a full set of "
"capabilities in that namespace.  On the other hand, that process has no "
"capabilities in the parent (in the case of B<clone>(2))  or previous (in the "
"case of B<unshare>(2)  and B<setns>(2))  user namespace, even if the new "
"namespace is created or joined by the root user (i.e., a process with user "
"ID 0 in the root namespace)."
msgstr ""
"Barnprocesserna som skapas med B<clone>(2) med flaggan B<CLONE_NEWUSER> "
"börjar med en fullständig uppsättning av förmågor i den nya "
"användarnamnrymden. Likadant får en process som skapar en ny "
"användarnamnrymd med B<unshare>(2) eller går in i en befintlig "
"användarnamnrymd med B<setns>(2) en fullständig uppsättning rättigheter i "
"den namnrymden. Å andra sidan har den processen inga förmågor i förälderns "
"(i fallet B<clone>(2)) eller tidigare (i fallet B<unshare>(2) och "
"B<setns>(2)) användarnamnrymd, även om root-anvädaren skapade eller gick in "
"i den nya namnrymden (d.v.s., en process med användar-ID 0 i rotnamnrymden)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note that a call to B<execve>(2)  will cause a process's capabilities to be "
"recalculated in the usual way (see B<capabilities>(7)).  Consequently, "
"unless the process has a user ID of 0 within the namespace, or the "
"executable file has a nonempty inheritable capabilities mask, the process "
"will lose all capabilities.  See the discussion of user and group ID "
"mappings, below."
msgstr ""
"Observera att ett anrop av B<execve>(2) kommer göra att processens förmågor "
"räknas om på det vanliga sättet (se B<capabilities>(7)). Alltså, om inte "
"processen har användar-ID 0 inom namnrymden, eller den körbara filen har en "
"ärvbar förmågemask som inte är tom, kommer processen förlora alla förmågor. "
"Se diskussionen om användar- och grupp-ID-avbildningar nedan."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A call to B<clone>(2)  or B<unshare>(2)  using the B<CLONE_NEWUSER> flag or "
"a call to B<setns>(2)  that moves the caller into another user namespace "
"sets the \"securebits\" flags (see B<capabilities>(7))  to their default "
"values (all flags disabled) in the child (for B<clone>(2))  or caller (for "
"B<unshare>(2)  or B<setns>(2)).  Note that because the caller no longer has "
"capabilities in its original user namespace after a call to B<setns>(2), it "
"is not possible for a process to reset its \"securebits\" flags while "
"retaining its user namespace membership by using a pair of B<setns>(2)  "
"calls to move to another user namespace and then return to its original user "
"namespace."
msgstr ""
"Ett anrop av B<clone>(2) eller B<unshare>(2) med flaggan B<CLONE_NEWUSER> "
"eller ett anrop av B<setns>(2) som flyttar anroparen in i en annan "
"användarnamnrymd sätter flaggorna ”securebits” (se B<capabilities>(7)) till "
"sitt standardvärde (alla flaggor avslagna) i barnet (för B<clone>(2)) eller "
"anroparen (för B<unshare>(2) eller B<setns>(2)). Observera att eftersom "
"anroparen inte längre har förmågor i sin originalanvändarnamnrymd efter "
"anropet av B<setns>(2) är det inte möjligt för en process att återställa "
"sina flaggor ”securebits” medan den behåller sitt medlemskap i "
"användarnamnrymden genom att använda ett par av anrop av B<setns>(2) för att "
"flytta till en annan användarnamnrymd och sedan återvända till sin "
"originalanvändarnamnrymd."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The rules for determining whether or not a process has a capability in a "
"particular user namespace are as follows:"
msgstr ""
"Reglerna för att avgöra huruvida en process har en förmåga eller inte i en "
"viss användarnamnrymd är som följer:"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "\\[bu]"
msgstr "\\[bu]"

#.  In the 3.8 sources, see security/commoncap.c::cap_capable():
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A process has a capability inside a user namespace if it is a member of that "
"namespace and it has the capability in its effective capability set.  A "
"process can gain capabilities in its effective capability set in various "
"ways.  For example, it may execute a set-user-ID program or an executable "
"with associated file capabilities.  In addition, a process may gain "
"capabilities via the effect of B<clone>(2), B<unshare>(2), or B<setns>(2), "
"as already described."
msgstr ""
"En process har en förmåga inuti en användarnamnrymd om den är medlem av den "
"namnrymden och den har förmågan i sin effektiva förmågemängd. En process kan "
"få förmågor i sin effektiva förmågemängd på olika sätt. Till exempel kan den "
"köra ett sätt-användar-ID-program eller en körbar fil associerad med "
"filförmågor. Dessutom kan en process få förmågor via effekten av "
"B<clone>(2), B<unshare>(2) eller B<setns>(2), som redan beskrivits."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If a process has a capability in a user namespace, then it has that "
"capability in all child (and further removed descendant)  namespaces as well."
msgstr ""
"Om en process har en förmåga  i en användarnamnrymd, då har den den förmågan "
"i alla barn- (och mer avlägsna avkomme-)namnrymder också."

#
#.  * The owner of the user namespace in the parent of the
#.  * user namespace has all caps.
#.  (and likewise associates the effective group ID of the creating process
#.  with the namespace).
#.  See kernel commit 520d9eabce18edfef76a60b7b839d54facafe1f9 for a fix
#.  on this point
#.      This includes the case where the process executes a set-user-ID
#.      program that confers the effective UID of the creator of the namespace.
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a user namespace is created, the kernel records the effective user ID "
"of the creating process as being the \"owner\" of the namespace.  A process "
"that resides in the parent of the user namespace and whose effective user ID "
"matches the owner of the namespace has all capabilities in the namespace.  "
"By virtue of the previous rule, this means that the process has all "
"capabilities in all further removed descendant user namespaces as well.  The "
"B<NS_GET_OWNER_UID> B<ioctl>(2)  operation can be used to discover the user "
"ID of the owner of the namespace; see B<ioctl_ns>(2)."
msgstr ""
"När en användarnamnrymd skapas sparar kärnan det effektiva användar-ID:t för "
"processen som skapar den som varandes ”ägaren” till namnrymden. En process "
"som bor i föräldern till användarnamnrymden och vars effektiva användar-ID "
"stämmer med ägaren till namnrymden har alla förmågor i namnrymden. Tack vare "
"föregående regel har processen alla förmågor i alla mer avlägsna "
"avkommeanvändarnamnrymder också. Åtgärden B<NS_GET_OWNER_UID> till "
"B<ioctl>(2) kan användas för att upptäcka användar-ID för namnrymdens ägare; "
"se B<ioctl_ns>(2)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Effect of capabilities within a user namespace"
msgstr "Effekten av förmågor inom en användarnamnrymd"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Having a capability inside a user namespace permits a process to perform "
"operations (that require privilege)  only on resources governed by that "
"namespace.  In other words, having a capability in a user namespace permits "
"a process to perform privileged operations on resources that are governed by "
"(nonuser)  namespaces owned by (associated with) the user namespace (see the "
"next subsection)."
msgstr ""
"Att ha en förmåga inuti en användarnamnrymd tillåter en process att utföra "
"åtgärder (som kräver privilegier) endast på resurser som styrs av den "
"namnrymden. Med andra ord, att ha en förmåga i en användarnamnrymd tillåter "
"en process att utföra privilegierade åtgärder på resurser som styrs av (icke "
"användar-)namnrymder som ägs av (är associerade med) användarnamnrymden (se "
"nästa underavdelning)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"On the other hand, there are many privileged operations that affect "
"resources that are not associated with any namespace type, for example, "
"changing the system (i.e., calendar) time (governed by B<CAP_SYS_TIME>), "
"loading a kernel module (governed by B<CAP_SYS_MODULE>), and creating a "
"device (governed by B<CAP_MKNOD>).  Only a process with privileges in the "
"I<initial> user namespace can perform such operations."
msgstr ""
"Däremot finns det många privilegierade åtgärder som påverkar resurser som "
"inte är associerade med någon namnrymdstyp, till exempel, att ändra "
"systemtiden (d.v.s., kalendertiden) (som styrs av B<CAP_SYS_TIME>), att "
"ladda kärnmoduler (som styrs av B<CAP_SYS_MODULE>) och att skapa en enhet "
"(som styrs av B<CAP_MKNOD>). Endast en process med privilegier i den "
"I<initiala> användarnamnrymden kan utföra sådana åtgärder."

#.  fs_flags = FS_USERNS_MOUNT in kernel sources
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Holding B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> within the user namespace that owns a process's "
"mount namespace allows that process to create bind mounts and mount the "
"following types of filesystems:"
msgstr ""
"Att hålla B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> inom användarnamnrymden som äger en process "
"monteringsnamnrymd gör att den processen kan skapa bindmonteringar och "
"montera följande typer av filsystem:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I</proc> (since Linux 3.8)"
msgstr "I</proc> (från Linux 3.8)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I</sys> (since Linux 3.8)"
msgstr "I</sys> (från Linux 3.8)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<devpts> (since Linux 3.9)"
msgstr "I<devpts> (från Linux 3.9)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "B<tmpfs>(5)  (since Linux 3.9)"
msgstr "B<tmpfs>(5)  (från Linux 3.9)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<ramfs> (since Linux 3.9)"
msgstr "I<ramfs> (från Linux 3.9)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<mqueue> (since Linux 3.9)"
msgstr "I<mqueue> (från Linux 3.9)"

#.  commit b2197755b2633e164a439682fb05a9b5ea48f706
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<bpf> (since Linux 4.4)"
msgstr "I<bpf> (från Linux 4.4)"

#.  commit 92dbc9dedccb9759c7f9f2f0ae6242396376988f
#.  commit 4cb2c00c43b3fe88b32f29df4f76da1b92c33224
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<overlayfs> (since Linux 5.11)"
msgstr "I<overlayfs> (från Linux 5.11)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Holding B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> within the user namespace that owns a process's "
"cgroup namespace allows (since Linux 4.6)  that process to the mount the "
"cgroup version 2 filesystem and cgroup version 1 named hierarchies (i.e., "
"cgroup filesystems mounted with the I<\\[dq]none,name=\\[dq]> option)."
msgstr ""
"Att hålla B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> inom användarnamnrymden som äger en process "
"cgroup-namnrymd gör (från Linux 4.6) att den processen kan montera "
"filsystemet cgroup version 2 och namngivna hierarkier av filsystemet cgroup "
"verson 1 (d.v.s., cgroup-filsystem monterade med flaggan I<\\[dq]none,name="
"\\[dq]>)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Holding B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> within the user namespace that owns a process's PID "
"namespace allows (since Linux 3.8)  that process to mount I</proc> "
"filesystems."
msgstr ""
"Att hålla B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> inom användarnamnrymden som äger en process PID-"
"namnrymd gör (från Linux 3.8) att den processen kan montera filsystemet I</"
"proc>."

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Note, however, that mounting block-based filesystems can be done only by a "
"process that holds B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> in the initial user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Observera dock att montering av blockbaserade filsystem endast kan göras av "
"en process som håller B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> i den initiala användarnamnrymden."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Interaction of user namespaces and other types of namespaces"
msgstr "Interaktion mellan användarnamnrymder och andra typer av namnrymder"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Starting in Linux 3.8, unprivileged processes can create user namespaces, "
"and the other types of namespaces can be created with just the "
"B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> capability in the caller's user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Med början från Linux 3.8 kan oprivilegierade processer skapa "
"användarnamnrymder, och de andra typerna av namnrymder kan skapas med bara "
"förmågan B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> i anroparens användarnamnrymd."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a nonuser namespace is created, it is owned by the user namespace in "
"which the creating process was a member at the time of the creation of the "
"namespace.  Privileged operations on resources governed by the nonuser "
"namespace require that the process has the necessary capabilities in the "
"user namespace that owns the nonuser namespace."
msgstr ""
"När en annan namnrymd än en användarnamnrymd skapas ägs den av "
"användarnamnrymden processen som skapade den var en medlem i vid tidpunkten "
"då namnrymden skapades. Privilegierade åtgärder på resurser som styrs av en "
"icke-användarnamnrymd kräver att processen har de nödvändiga förmågorna i "
"användarnamnrymden som äger den icke-användarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If B<CLONE_NEWUSER> is specified along with other B<CLONE_NEW*> flags in a "
"single B<clone>(2)  or B<unshare>(2)  call, the user namespace is guaranteed "
"to be created first, giving the child (B<clone>(2))  or caller "
"(B<unshare>(2))  privileges over the remaining namespaces created by the "
"call.  Thus, it is possible for an unprivileged caller to specify this "
"combination of flags."
msgstr ""
"Om B<CLONE_NEWUSER> anges tillsammans med andra flaggor B<CLONE_NEW*> i ett "
"enskilt anrop av B<clone>(2) eller B<unshare>(2) garanteras det att "
"användarnamnrymden skapas först vilket ger barnet (B<clone>(2)) eller "
"anroparen (B<unshare>(2)) privilegier över de andra namnrymderna som skapas "
"av anropet. Det är alltså möjligt för en oprivilegierad anropare att ange "
"denna kombination av flaggor."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a new namespace (other than a user namespace) is created via "
"B<clone>(2)  or B<unshare>(2), the kernel records the user namespace of the "
"creating process as the owner of the new namespace.  (This association can't "
"be changed.)  When a process in the new namespace subsequently performs "
"privileged operations that operate on global resources isolated by the "
"namespace, the permission checks are performed according to the process's "
"capabilities in the user namespace that the kernel associated with the new "
"namespace.  For example, suppose that a process attempts to change the "
"hostname (B<sethostname>(2)), a resource governed by the UTS namespace.  In "
"this case, the kernel will determine which user namespace owns the process's "
"UTS namespace, and check whether the process has the required capability "
"(B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>)  in that user namespace."
msgstr ""
"När en ny namnrymd (annan än en användarnamnrymd) skapas via B<clone>(2) "
"eller B<unshare>(2) registrerar kärnan användarnamnrymden för processen som "
"skapar den som ägare till den nya namnrymden. (Denna koppling kan inte "
"ändras.) När en process i den nya namnrymden senare utför privilegierade "
"åtgärder som verkar på globala resurser isolerade av namnrymden utförs "
"rättighetskontrollerna enligt processens förmågor i användarnamnrymden som "
"kärnan associerade med den nya namnrymden. Till exempel, antag att en "
"process försöker ändra värdnamnet (B<sethostname>(2)), en resurs som styrs "
"av UTS-namnrymden. I detta fall kommer kärnan avgöra vilken användarnamnrymd "
"som äger processens UTS-namnrymd, och kontrollera huruvida processen har den "
"nödvändiga förmågan (B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN>) i den användarnamnrymden."

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<NS_GET_USERNS> B<ioctl>(2)  operation can be used to discover the user "
"namespace that owns a nonuser namespace; see B<ioctl_ns>(2)."
msgstr ""
"B<ioctl>(2)-åtgärden B<NS_GET_USERNS> kan användas för att hitta "
"användarnamnrymden som äger en icke-användarnamnrymd; se B<ioctl_ns>(2)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "User and group ID mappings: uid_map and gid_map"
msgstr "Användar- och grupp-ID-avbildningar: uid_map och gid_map"

#.  commit 22d917d80e842829d0ca0a561967d728eb1d6303
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a user namespace is created, it starts out without a mapping of user "
"IDs (group IDs)  to the parent user namespace.  The I</proc/>pidI</uid_map> "
"and I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> files (available since Linux 3.5)  expose the "
"mappings for user and group IDs inside the user namespace for the process "
"I<pid>.  These files can be read to view the mappings in a user namespace "
"and written to (once) to define the mappings."
msgstr ""
"När en användarnamnrymd skapas börjar den utan någon avbildning av användar-"
"ID:n (grupp-ID:n) till förälderns användarnamnrymd. Filerna I</proc/>pidI</"
"uid_map> och I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> (tillgängliga från Linux 3.5) visar "
"avbildningarna för användar- och grupp-ID:n inuti användarnamnrymden för "
"processen I<pid>. Dessa filer kan läsas för att visa avbildningarna i en "
"användarnamnrymd och skrivas till (en gång) för att definiera avbildningarna."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The description in the following paragraphs explains the details for "
"I<uid_map>; I<gid_map> is exactly the same, but each instance of \"user ID\" "
"is replaced by \"group ID\"."
msgstr ""
"Beskrivningen i följande stycken förklarar detaljerna för I<uid_map>; "
"I<gid_map> är exakt likadan, med varje förekomst av ”användar-ID” ersatt med "
"”grupp-ID”."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I<uid_map> file exposes the mapping of user IDs from the user namespace "
"of the process I<pid> to the user namespace of the process that opened "
"I<uid_map> (but see a qualification to this point below).  In other words, "
"processes that are in different user namespaces will potentially see "
"different values when reading from a particular I<uid_map> file, depending "
"on the user ID mappings for the user namespaces of the reading processes."
msgstr ""
"Filen I<uid_map> visar avbildningen av användar-ID:n från användarnamnrymden "
"för processen som öppnade I<uid_map> (men se en avvikelse från denna punkt "
"nedan). Med andra ord kan potentiellt processer som finns i olika "
"användarnamnrymder se olika värden när de läser från en viss I<uid_map>-fil, "
"beroende på användar-ID-avbildningarna för användarnamnrymderna för de "
"läsande processerna."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Each line in the I<uid_map> file specifies a 1-to-1 mapping of a range of "
"contiguous user IDs between two user namespaces.  (When a user namespace is "
"first created, this file is empty.)  The specification in each line takes "
"the form of three numbers delimited by white space.  The first two numbers "
"specify the starting user ID in each of the two user namespaces.  The third "
"number specifies the length of the mapped range.  In detail, the fields are "
"interpreted as follows:"
msgstr ""
"Varje rad i filen I<uid_map> anger en 1-till-1-avbildning av ett intervall "
"av sammanhängande användar-ID:n mellan två användarnamnrymder. (När en "
"användarnamnrymd först skapas är denna fil tom.) Specifikationen på varje "
"rad har formen tre tal avgränsade av mellanslag. De första två talen anger "
"det första användar-ID:t i vardera av de två användarnamnrymderna. Det "
"tredje talet anger längden på det avbildade intervallet. Mer exakt tolkas "
"fälten som följer:"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(1)"
msgstr "(1)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The start of the range of user IDs in the user namespace of the process "
"I<pid>."
msgstr ""
"Början av intervallet av användar-ID:n i processen I<pid>s användarnamnrymd."

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(2)"
msgstr "(2)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The start of the range of user IDs to which the user IDs specified by field "
"one map.  How field two is interpreted depends on whether the process that "
"opened I<uid_map> and the process I<pid> are in the same user namespace, as "
"follows:"
msgstr ""
"Början på intervallet av användar-ID:n till vilka användar-ID:n som anges av "
"fält ett avbildas. Hur fält två tolkas beror på huruvida processen som "
"öppnade I<uid_map> och processen I<pid> finns i samma användarnamnrymd, som "
"följer:"

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(a)"
msgstr "(a)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the two processes are in different user namespaces: field two is the "
"start of a range of user IDs in the user namespace of the process that "
"opened I<uid_map>."
msgstr ""
"Om de två processerna finns i olika användarnamnrymder: fält två är början "
"på ett intervall av användar-ID:n i användarnamnrymden för processen som "
"öppnade I<uid_map>."

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(b)"
msgstr "(b)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the two processes are in the same user namespace: field two is the start "
"of the range of user IDs in the parent user namespace of the process "
"I<pid>.  This case enables the opener of I<uid_map> (the common case here is "
"opening I</proc/self/uid_map>)  to see the mapping of user IDs into the user "
"namespace of the process that created this user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Om de två processerna finns i samma användarnamnrymd: fält två är början på "
"intervallet av användar-ID:n i process I<pid>s föräldraanvändarnamnrymd. "
"Detta gör att den som öppnar I<uid_map> (det vanliga fallet här är att öppna "
"I</proc/self/uid_map>) kan se avbildningen av användar-ID:n in i "
"användarnamnrymden för processen som skapade denna användarnamnrymd."

#. type: IP
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "(3)"
msgstr "(3)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The length of the range of user IDs that is mapped between the two user "
"namespaces."
msgstr ""
"Längden på intervallet av användar-ID:n som avbildas mellan de två "
"användarnamnrymderna."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"System calls that return user IDs (group IDs)\\[em]for example, "
"B<getuid>(2), B<getgid>(2), and the credential fields in the structure "
"returned by B<stat>(2)\\[em]return the user ID (group ID) mapped into the "
"caller's user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Systemanrop som returnerar användar-ID:n (grupp-ID:n) \\[em] till exempel "
"B<getuid>(2), B<getgid>(2), och kreditivfälten i posten som returneras av "
"B<stat>(2) \\[em] returnerar användar-ID:t (grupp-ID:t) avbildat in i "
"anroparens användarnamnrymd."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a process accesses a file, its user and group IDs are mapped into the "
"initial user namespace for the purpose of permission checking and assigning "
"IDs when creating a file.  When a process retrieves file user and group IDs "
"via B<stat>(2), the IDs are mapped in the opposite direction, to produce "
"values relative to the process user and group ID mappings."
msgstr ""
"När en process begär tillgång till en fil avbildas dess användar- och grupp-"
"ID:n in i den initiala användarnamnrymden i syfte att kontrollera "
"rättigheterna och tilldela ID:n när en fil skapas. När en process hämtar "
"filens användar- och grupp-ID:n via B<stat>(2) avbildas ID:erna i den andra "
"riktningen, för att skapa värden relativt processens användar- och grupp-ID-"
"avbildningar."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The initial user namespace has no parent namespace, but, for consistency, "
"the kernel provides dummy user and group ID mapping files for this "
"namespace.  Looking at the I<uid_map> file (I<gid_map> is the same) from a "
"shell in the initial namespace shows:"
msgstr ""
"Den initiala användarnamnrymden har ingen föräldranamnrymd, men för "
"konsistensens skull tillhandahåller kärnan tomfiler för användar- och grupp-"
"ID-avbildningar för den namnrymden. Tittar man på filen I<uid_map> "
"(I<gid_map> är likadan) från ett skal i den initiala namnrymden ser man:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ B<cat /proc/$$/uid_map>\n"
"         0          0 4294967295\n"
msgstr ""
"$ B<cat /proc/$$/uid_map>\n"
"         0          0 4294967295\n"

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This mapping tells us that the range starting at user ID 0 in this "
#| "namespace maps to a range starting at 0 in the (nonexistent) parent "
#| "namespace, and the length of the range is the largest 32-bit unsigned "
#| "integer.  This leaves 4294967295 (the 32-bit signed -1 value) unmapped.  "
#| "This is deliberate: I<(uid_t)\\~-1> is used in several interfaces (e.g., "
#| "B<setreuid>(2))  as a way to specify \"no user ID\".  Leaving "
#| "I<(uid_t)\\~-1> unmapped and unusable guarantees that there will be no "
#| "confusion when using these interfaces."
msgid ""
"This mapping tells us that the range starting at user ID 0 in this namespace "
"maps to a range starting at 0 in the (nonexistent) parent namespace, and the "
"length of the range is the largest 32-bit unsigned integer.  This leaves "
"4294967295 (the 32-bit signed -1 value) unmapped.  This is deliberate: "
"I<(uid_t)\\ -1> is used in several interfaces (e.g., B<setreuid>(2))  as a "
"way to specify \"no user ID\".  Leaving I<(uid_t)\\ -1> unmapped and "
"unusable guarantees that there will be no confusion when using these "
"interfaces."
msgstr ""
"Denna avbildning säger oss att intervallet som startar med användar-ID 0 i "
"denna namnrymd översätts till ett intervall som startar med 0 i den "
"(obefintliga) föräldranamnrymden, och att längden på intervallet är det "
"största 32-bitars teckenlösa heltalet. Detta lämnar 4294967295 (32-"
"bitsvärdet -1) oavbildat. Detta är avsiktligt: I<(uid_t)\\~-1> används i "
"flera gränssnitt (t.ex., B<setreuid>(2)) som ett sätt att ange ”inget "
"användar-ID”. Genom att låta I<(uid_t)\\~-1> vara oavbildat och oanvändbart "
"garanteras att det inte kommer uppstå någon förvirring vid användning av "
"dessa gränssnitt."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Defining user and group ID mappings: writing to uid_map and gid_map"
msgstr "Att definiera användar- och grupp-ID-avbildningar: att skriva till uid_map och gid_map"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"After the creation of a new user namespace, the I<uid_map> file of I<one> of "
"the processes in the namespace may be written to I<once> to define the "
"mapping of user IDs in the new user namespace.  An attempt to write more "
"than once to a I<uid_map> file in a user namespace fails with the error "
"B<EPERM>.  Similar rules apply for I<gid_map> files."
msgstr ""
"Efter att en ny användarnamnrymd skapats kan filen I<uid_map> för I<en> av "
"processerna i namnrymden skrivas till I<en gång> för att definiera "
"avbildningen av användar-ID:n i den nya användarnamnrymden. Ett försök att "
"skriva mer än en gång till en I<uid_map>-fil i en användarnamnrymd "
"misslyckas med felet B<EPERM>. Motsvarande regler gäller för I<gid_map>-"
"filer."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The lines written to I<uid_map> (I<gid_map>)  must conform to the following "
"validity rules:"
msgstr ""
"Raderna som skrivs till I<uid_map> (I<gid_map>) måste lyda följande "
"giltighetsregler:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The three fields must be valid numbers, and the last field must be greater "
"than 0."
msgstr ""
"De tre fälten måste vara giltiga tal, och det sista fältet måste vara större "
"än 0."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Lines are terminated by newline characters."
msgstr "Rader avslutas av nyradstecken."

#.  5*12-byte records could fit in a 64B cache line
#.  commit 6397fac4915ab3002dc15aae751455da1a852f25
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"There is a limit on the number of lines in the file.  In Linux 4.14 and "
"earlier, this limit was (arbitrarily)  set at 5 lines.  Since Linux 4.15, "
"the limit is 340 lines.  In addition, the number of bytes written to the "
"file must be less than the system page size, and the write must be performed "
"at the start of the file (i.e., B<lseek>(2)  and B<pwrite>(2)  can't be used "
"to write to nonzero offsets in the file)."
msgstr ""
"Det finns en gräns på antalet rader i filen. I Linux 4.14 och tidigare "
"sattes denna gräns (godtyckligt) till 5 rader. Från Linux 4.15 är gränsen "
"340 rader. Dessutom måste antalet byte som skrivs till filen vara mindre än "
"systemets sidstorlek, och skrivningen måste göras från början av filen (d.v."
"s., B<lseek>(2) och B<pwrite>(2) kan inte användas för att skriva till "
"nollskilda avstånd in i filen)."

#.  commit 0bd14b4fd72afd5df41e9fd59f356740f22fceba
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The range of user IDs (group IDs)  specified in each line cannot overlap "
"with the ranges in any other lines.  In the initial implementation (Linux "
"3.8), this requirement was satisfied by a simplistic implementation that "
"imposed the further requirement that the values in both field 1 and field 2 "
"of successive lines must be in ascending numerical order, which prevented "
"some otherwise valid maps from being created.  Linux 3.9 and later fix this "
"limitation, allowing any valid set of nonoverlapping maps."
msgstr ""
"Intervallet av användar-ID:n (grupp-ID:n) som anges på varje rad får inte "
"överlappa med intervallerna på några andra rader. I den ursprungliga "
"implementationen (Linux 3.8) uppfylldes detta krav av en enkel "
"implementation som lade till det ytterligare kravet att värdena i både fält "
"1 och fält 2 av följande rader måste vara i stigande numerisk ordning, "
"vilket förhindrade några eljest giltiga avbildningar från att skapas. Linux "
"3.9 och senare fixar denna begränsning, och tillåter alla giltiga "
"uppsättningar av avbildningar som inte överlappar."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "At least one line must be written to the file."
msgstr "Åtminstone en rad måste skrivas till filen."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Writes that violate the above rules fail with the error B<EINVAL>."
msgstr ""
"Skrivningar som bryter mot ovanstående regler misslyckas med felet B<EINVAL>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In order for a process to write to the I</proc/>pidI</uid_map> (I</proc/"
">pidI</gid_map>)  file, all of the following permission requirements must be "
"met:"
msgstr ""
"För att en process skall kunna skriva till filen I</proc>pidI</uid_map> (I</"
"proc>pidI</gid_map>) måste alla följande rättighetskrav vara uppfyllda:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The writing process must have the B<CAP_SETUID> (B<CAP_SETGID>)  capability "
"in the user namespace of the process I<pid>."
msgstr ""
"Den skrivande processen måste ha förmågan B<CAP_SETUID> (B<CAP_SETGID>) i "
"processen I<pid>s användarnamnrymd."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The writing process must either be in the user namespace of the process "
"I<pid> or be in the parent user namespace of the process I<pid>."
msgstr ""
"Den skrivande processen måste antingen finnas i namnrymden för process "
"I<pid> eller finnas i föräldraanvändarnamnrymden till process I<pid>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The mapped user IDs (group IDs) must in turn have a mapping in the parent "
"user namespace."
msgstr ""
"De avbildade användar-ID:na (grupp-ID:na) måste i sin tur ha en avbildning i "
"föräldraanvändarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If updating I</proc/>pidI</uid_map> to create a mapping that maps UID 0 in "
"the parent namespace, then one of the following must be true:"
msgstr ""
"Om man uppdaterar I</proc/>pidI</uid_map> för att skapa en avbildning som "
"avbildar till UID 0 i föräldranamnrymden måste en av de följande vara sann:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"if writing process is in the parent user namespace, then it must have the "
"B<CAP_SETFCAP> capability in that user namespace; or"
msgstr ""
"om den skrivande processen finns i föräldraanvändarnamnrymden, då måste den "
"ha förmågan B<CAP_SETFCAP> i den användarnamnrymden; eller"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"if the writing process is in the child user namespace, then the process that "
"created the user namespace must have had the B<CAP_SETFCAP> capability when "
"the namespace was created."
msgstr ""
"om den skrivande processen finns i barnanvändarnamnrymden, då måste "
"processen som skapade användarnamnrymden ha haft förmågan B<CAP_SETFCAP> när "
"namnrymden skapades."

#.  commit db2e718a47984b9d71ed890eb2ea36ecf150de18
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"This rule has been in place since Linux 5.12.  It eliminates an earlier "
"security bug whereby a UID 0 process that lacks the B<CAP_SETFCAP> "
"capability, which is needed to create a binary with namespaced file "
"capabilities (as described in B<capabilities>(7)), could nevertheless create "
"such a binary, by the following steps:"
msgstr ""
"Denna regel har funnits från Linux 5.12. Den eliminerar en tidigare "
"säkerhetsbrist varigenom en UID 0-process som saknar förmågan B<CAP_SETFCAP> "
"vilken behövs för att skapa en binär med namnrymdsfilförmågor (så som det "
"beskrivs i B<capabilities>(7)) ändå kunde skapa en sådan binär genom "
"följande steg:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Create a new user namespace with the identity mapping (i.e., UID 0 in the "
"new user namespace maps to UID 0 in the parent namespace), so that UID 0 in "
"both namespaces is equivalent to the same root user ID."
msgstr ""
"Skapa en ny användarnamnrymd med identitetsavbildningen (d.v.s., AID 0 i den "
"nya användarnamnrymden avbildas på AID 0 i föräldranamnrymden), så att AID 0 "
"båda namnrymderna är ekvivalent med samma root-användar-ID."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Since the child process has the B<CAP_SETFCAP> capability, it could create a "
"binary with namespaced file capabilities that would then be effective in the "
"parent user namespace (because the root user IDs are the same in the two "
"namespaces)."
msgstr ""
"Eftersom barnprocessen har förmågan B<CAP_SETFCAP> kunde den skapa en binär "
"med namnrymdsfilförmågor som sedan skulle vara verkningsfulla i "
"föräldranamnrymden (eftersom root-användar-ID:t är desamma i de två "
"namnrymderna)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "One of the following two cases applies:"
msgstr "En av följande två fall gäller:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"I<Either> the writing process has the B<CAP_SETUID> (B<CAP_SETGID>)  "
"capability in the I<parent> user namespace."
msgstr ""
"I<Antingen> har den skrivande processen förmågan B<CAP_SETUID> "
"(B<CAP_SETGID>) i I<föräldra>användarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"No further restrictions apply: the process can make mappings to arbitrary "
"user IDs (group IDs)  in the parent user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Inga ytterligare begränsningar gäller: processen kan göra avbildningar till "
"godtyckliga användar-ID:n (grupp-ID:n) i föräldraanvändarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "I<Or> otherwise all of the following restrictions apply:"
msgstr "I<Eller> i annat fall gäller alla följande beskrivningar:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The data written to I<uid_map> (I<gid_map>)  must consist of a single line "
"that maps the writing process's effective user ID (group ID) in the parent "
"user namespace to a user ID (group ID)  in the user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Data som skrivs till I<uid_map> (I<gid_map>) måste bestå av en enda rad som "
"avbildar den skrivande processens effektiva användar-ID (grupp-ID) i "
"föräldraanvändarnamnrymden till ett användar-ID (grupp-ID) i "
"användarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The writing process must have the same effective user ID as the process that "
"created the user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Den skrivande processen måste ha samma effektiva användar-ID som processen "
"som skapade användarnamnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In the case of I<gid_map>, use of the B<setgroups>(2)  system call must "
"first be denied by writing \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] to the I</proc/>pidI</"
"setgroups> file (see below) before writing to I<gid_map>."
msgstr ""
"När det gäller I<gid_map> måste först användning av systemanropet "
"B<setgroups>(2) nekas genom att skriva \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] till filen I</"
"proc/>pidI</setgroups> (se nedan) före någon skrivning till I<gid_map>."

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Writes that violate the above rules fail with the error B<EPERM>."
msgstr ""
"Skrivningar som strider mot ovanstående regler misslyckas med felet B<EPERM>."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Project ID mappings: projid_map"
msgstr "Projekt-ID-avbildningar: projid_map"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Similarly to user and group ID mappings, it is possible to create project ID "
"mappings for a user namespace.  (Project IDs are used for disk quotas; see "
"B<setquota>(8)  and B<quotactl>(2).)"
msgstr ""
"Liksom för användar- och grupp-ID-avbildningar är det möjligt att skapa "
"projekt-ID-avbildningar för användarnamnrymder. (Projekt-ID:n används för "
"diskkvoter; se B<setquota>(8) och B<quotactl>(2).)"

#.  commit f76d207a66c3a53defea67e7d36c3eb1b7d6d61d
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Project ID mappings are defined by writing to the I</proc/>pidI</projid_map> "
"file (present since Linux 3.7)."
msgstr ""
"Projekt-ID-avbildningar definieras genom att skriva till filen I</proc/"
">pidI</projid_map> (som finns från Linux 3.7)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The validity rules for writing to the I</proc/>pidI</projid_map> file are as "
"for writing to the I<uid_map> file; violation of these rules causes "
"B<write>(2)  to fail with the error B<EINVAL>."
msgstr ""
"Giltighetsreglerna för att skriva till filen I</proc/>pidI</projid_map> är "
"som för att skriva till filen I<uid_map>; brott mot dessa regler får "
"B<write>(2) att misslyckas med felet B<EINVAL>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The permission rules for writing to the I</proc/>pidI</projid_map> file are "
"as follows:"
msgstr ""
"Rättighetsreglerna för att skriva till filen I</proc/>pidI</projid_map> är "
"som följer:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The mapped project IDs must in turn have a mapping in the parent user "
"namespace."
msgstr ""
"De avbildade projekt-ID:na måste i sin tur ha en avbildning i "
"föräldraanvändarnamnrymden."

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Violation of these rules causes B<write>(2)  to fail with the error B<EPERM>."
msgstr ""
"Brott mot dessa regler får B<write>(2) att misslyckas med felet B<EPERM>."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Interaction with system calls that change process UIDs or GIDs"
msgstr "Interaktion med systemanrop som ändrar process-AID:n eller -GID:n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In a user namespace where the I<uid_map> file has not been written, the "
"system calls that change user IDs will fail.  Similarly, if the I<gid_map> "
"file has not been written, the system calls that change group IDs will "
"fail.  After the I<uid_map> and I<gid_map> files have been written, only the "
"mapped values may be used in system calls that change user and group IDs."
msgstr ""
"I en användarnamnrymd där filen I<uid_map> inte har skrivits kommer "
"systemanrop som ändrar användar-ID:n att misslyckas. På liknande sätt, om "
"filen I<gid_map> inte har skrivits kommer systemanrop som ändrar grupp-ID:n "
"att misslyckas. Efter att filerna I<uid_map> och I<gid_map> har skrivits kan "
"endast de avbildade värdena användas i systemanrop som ändrar användar- och "
"grupp-ID:n."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"For user IDs, the relevant system calls include B<setuid>(2), "
"B<setfsuid>(2), B<setreuid>(2), and B<setresuid>(2).  For group IDs, the "
"relevant system calls include B<setgid>(2), B<setfsgid>(2), B<setregid>(2), "
"B<setresgid>(2), and B<setgroups>(2)."
msgstr ""
"För användar-ID:n inkluderar de relevanta systemanropen B<setuid>(2), "
"B<setfsuid>(2), B<setreuid>(2) och B<setresuid>(2).  För grupp-ID:n "
"inkluderar de relevanta systemanropen B<setgid>(2), B<setfsgid>(2), "
"B<setregid>(2), B<setresgid>(2) och B<setgroups>(2)."

#
#.  Things changed in Linux 3.19
#.  commit 9cc46516ddf497ea16e8d7cb986ae03a0f6b92f8
#.  commit 66d2f338ee4c449396b6f99f5e75cd18eb6df272
#.  http://lwn.net/Articles/626665/
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Writing \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] to the I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> file before "
"writing to I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> will permanently disable B<setgroups>(2)  "
"in a user namespace and allow writing to I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> without "
"having the B<CAP_SETGID> capability in the parent user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Att skriva \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] till filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> före man "
"skriver till I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> kommer permanent avaktivera "
"B<setgroups>(2) i en användarnamnrymd och tillåta att man skriver till I</"
"proc/>pidI</gid_map> utan att ha förmågan B<CAP_SETGID> i "
"föräldraanvändarnamnrymden."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "The I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> file"
msgstr "Filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups>"

#
#.  commit 9cc46516ddf497ea16e8d7cb986ae03a0f6b92f8
#.  commit 66d2f338ee4c449396b6f99f5e75cd18eb6df272
#.  http://lwn.net/Articles/626665/
#.  http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-8989
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> file displays the string \\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq] "
"if processes in the user namespace that contains the process I<pid> are "
"permitted to employ the B<setgroups>(2)  system call; it displays "
"\\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] if B<setgroups>(2)  is not permitted in that user "
"namespace.  Note that regardless of the value in the I</proc/>pidI</"
"setgroups> file (and regardless of the process's capabilities), calls to "
"B<setgroups>(2)  are also not permitted if I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> has not "
"yet been set."
msgstr ""
"Filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> visar strängen \\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq] om "
"processer i användarnamnrymden som innehåller process I<pid> får lov att "
"använda systemanropet B<setgroups>(2); den visar \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] om "
"B<setgroups>(2) inte tillåts i den användarnamnrymden. Observera att oavsett "
"värdet i filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> (och oavsett processens förmågor) "
"är inte heller B<setgroups>(2) tillåtet om inte I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> har "
"satts ännu."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A privileged process (one with the B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> capability in the "
"namespace) may write either of the strings \\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq] or "
"\\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] to this file I<before> writing a group ID mapping for "
"this user namespace to the file I</proc/>pidI</gid_map>.  Writing the string "
"\\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] prevents any process in the user namespace from "
"employing B<setgroups>(2)."
msgstr ""
"En privilegierad process (en med förmågan B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> i namnrymden) kan "
"skriva endera av strängarna \\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq] eller \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] "
"till denna fil I<före> den skriver en grupp-ID-avbildning för denna "
"användarnamnrymd till filen I</proc/>pidI</gid_map>. Att skriva strängen "
"\\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] förhindrar alla processer i användarnamnrymden från att "
"använda B<setgroups>(2)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The essence of the restrictions described in the preceding paragraph is that "
"it is permitted to write to I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> only so long as "
"calling B<setgroups>(2)  is disallowed because I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> has "
"not been set.  This ensures that a process cannot transition from a state "
"where B<setgroups>(2)  is allowed to a state where B<setgroups>(2)  is "
"denied; a process can transition only from B<setgroups>(2)  being disallowed "
"to B<setgroups>(2)  being allowed."
msgstr ""
"Essensen av begränsningarna som beskrivs i föregående stycke är att det är "
"tillåtet att skriva till I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> endast så länge som anrop "
"av B<setgroups>(2) är otillåtet för att I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> inte har "
"satts. Detta säkerställer att en process inte kan gå över från ett tillstånd "
"där B<setgroups>(2) är tillåtet till ett tillstånd där B<setgroups>(2) "
"nekas; en process kan gå över endast från att B<setgroups>(2) är otillåtet "
"till att B<setgroups>(2) är tillåtet."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The default value of this file in the initial user namespace is "
"\\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq]."
msgstr ""
"Standardvärdet i denna fil i den initiala användarnamnrymden är "
"\\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq]."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Once I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> has been written to (which has the effect of "
"enabling B<setgroups>(2)  in the user namespace), it is no longer possible "
"to disallow B<setgroups>(2)  by writing \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] to I</proc/"
">pidI</setgroups> (the write fails with the error B<EPERM>)."
msgstr ""
"När I</proc/>pidI</gid_map> har skrivits till (vilket har effekten av att "
"aktivera B<setgroups>(2) i användarnamnrymden), är det inte längre möjligt "
"att göra B<setgroups>(2) otillåtet genom att skriva \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq] till "
"I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> (skrivningen misslyckas med felet B<EPERM>)."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"A child user namespace inherits the I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> setting from "
"its parent."
msgstr ""
"En barnnamnrymd ärver inställningen av I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> från sin "
"förälder."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"If the I<setgroups> file has the value \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq], then the "
"B<setgroups>(2)  system call can't subsequently be reenabled (by writing "
"\\[dq]I<allow>\\[dq] to the file) in this user namespace.  (Attempts to do "
"so fail with the error B<EPERM>.)  This restriction also propagates down to "
"all child user namespaces of this user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Om filen I<setgroups> har värdet \\[dq]I<deny>\\[dq], då kan inte senare "
"systemanropet B<setgroups>(2)  återaktiveras (genom att skriva \\[dq]I<allow>"
"\\[dq] till filen) i den användarnamnrymden.  (Försök att göra så misslyckas "
"med felet B<EPERM>.) Denna begränsning propagerar ner till alla "
"barnanvändarnamnrymder till denna användarnamnrymd."

#
#
#
#
#.  /proc/PID/setgroups
#. 	[allow == setgroups() is allowed, "deny" == setgroups() is disallowed]
#. 	* Can write if have CAP_SYS_ADMIN in NS
#. 	* Must write BEFORE writing to /proc/PID/gid_map
#.  setgroups()
#. 	* Must already have written to gid_map
#. 	* /proc/PID/setgroups must be "allow"
#.  /proc/PID/gid_map -- writing
#. 	* Must already have written "deny" to /proc/PID/setgroups
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> file was added in Linux 3.19, but was "
"backported to many earlier stable kernel series, because it addresses a "
"security issue.  The issue concerned files with permissions such as \"rwx---"
"rwx\".  Such files give fewer permissions to \"group\" than they do to "
"\"other\".  This means that dropping groups using B<setgroups>(2)  might "
"allow a process file access that it did not formerly have.  Before the "
"existence of user namespaces this was not a concern, since only a privileged "
"process (one with the B<CAP_SETGID> capability) could call B<setgroups>(2).  "
"However, with the introduction of user namespaces, it became possible for an "
"unprivileged process to create a new namespace in which the user had all "
"privileges.  This then allowed formerly unprivileged users to drop groups "
"and thus gain file access that they did not previously have.  The I</proc/"
">pidI</setgroups> file was added to address this security issue, by denying "
"any pathway for an unprivileged process to drop groups with B<setgroups>(2)."
msgstr ""
"Filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> lades till i Linux 3.19, men bakåtporterades "
"till många tidigare stabila kärnserier, eftersom den åtgärdar ett "
"säkerhetsproblem. Problemet rörde filer med rättigheter såsom ”rwx---rwx”. "
"Sådana filer ger färre rättigheter till ”gruppen” än de gör till ”övriga”. "
"Detta betyder att genom att släppa grupper med B<setgroups>(2) kan en "
"process tillåtas filåtkomst som den inte tidigare hade. Före det fanns "
"användarnamnrymder var detta inte ett bekymmer, eftersom endast en "
"privilegierad process (en med förmågan B<CAP_SETGID>) kunde anropa "
"B<setgroups>(2). Dock, med introduktionen av användarnamnrymder blev det "
"möjligt för en oprivilegierad process att skapa en ny namnrymd i vilken "
"användaren har alla privilegier. Detta tillät sedan tidigare oprivilegierade "
"användare att släppa grupprivilegier och därmed få filåtkomst som de inte "
"tidigare hade. Filen I</proc/>pidI</setgroups> lades till för att åtgärda "
"detta säkerhetsproblem, genom att neka alla vägar för en oprivilegierad "
"process att släppa grupper med B<setgroups>(2)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Unmapped user and group IDs"
msgstr "Oavbildade användar- och grupp-ID:n"

#.  from_kuid_munged(), from_kgid_munged()
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"There are various places where an unmapped user ID (group ID)  may be "
"exposed to user space.  For example, the first process in a new user "
"namespace may call B<getuid>(2)  before a user ID mapping has been defined "
"for the namespace.  In most such cases, an unmapped user ID is converted to "
"the overflow user ID (group ID); the default value for the overflow user ID "
"(group ID) is 65534.  See the descriptions of I</proc/sys/kernel/"
"overflowuid> and I</proc/sys/kernel/overflowgid> in B<proc>(5)."
msgstr ""
"Det finns olika platser där ett oavbildat användar-ID (grupp-ID) kan "
"exponeras för användarrymden. Till exempel kan den första processen i en ny "
"användarnamnrymd anropa B<getuid>(2) innan en användar-ID-avbildning har "
"definierats för namnrymden. I de flesta sådana fall konverteras ett "
"oavbildat användar-ID till spillanvändar-ID:t (grupp-ID:t); standardvärdet "
"på spillanvändar-ID:t (grupp-ID:t) 65534). Se beskrivningarna av I</proc/sys/"
"kernel/overflowuid> och I</proc/sys/kernel/overflowgid> i B<proc>(5)."

#.  also SO_PEERCRED
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The cases where unmapped IDs are mapped in this fashion include system calls "
"that return user IDs (B<getuid>(2), B<getgid>(2), and similar), credentials "
"passed over a UNIX domain socket, credentials returned by B<stat>(2), "
"B<waitid>(2), and the System V IPC \"ctl\" B<IPC_STAT> operations, "
"credentials exposed by I</proc/>pidI</status> and the files in I</proc/"
"sysvipc/*>, credentials returned via the I<si_uid> field in the I<siginfo_t> "
"received with a signal (see B<sigaction>(2)), credentials written to the "
"process accounting file (see B<acct>(5)), and credentials returned with "
"POSIX message queue notifications (see B<mq_notify>(3))."
msgstr ""
"Fallen där oavbildade ID:n avbildas på detta sätt inkluderar systemanrop som "
"returnerar användar-ID:n (B<getuid>(2), B<getgid>(2) och liknande), kreditiv "
"som skickas över ett UNIX-domänsuttag, kreditiv som returneras av "
"B<stat>(2), B<waitid>(2) och System V IPC ”ctl”-åtgärder B<IPC_STAT>, "
"kreditiv som exponeras av I</proc/>pidI</status> och filerna i I</proc/"
"sysvipc/*>, kreditiv som returneras via fältet I<si_uid> i den I<siginfo_t> "
"som tas emot med en signal (se B<sigaction>(2)), kreditiv som skrivs till "
"processbokföringsfilen (se B<acct>(5)) och kreditiv som returneras via POSIX "
"notifieringar i meddelandeköer (se B<mq_notify>(3))."

#
#.  from_kuid(), from_kgid()
#.  Also F_GETOWNER_UIDS is an exception
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"There is one notable case where unmapped user and group IDs are I<not> "
"converted to the corresponding overflow ID value.  When viewing a I<uid_map> "
"or I<gid_map> file in which there is no mapping for the second field, that "
"field is displayed as 4294967295 (-1 as an unsigned integer)."
msgstr ""
"Det finns ett nämnvärt fall där oavbildade användar- och grupp-ID:n I<inte> "
"konverteras till motsvarande spill-ID-värde. När man betraktar en fil "
"I<uid_map> eller I<gid_map> i vilken det inte finns någon avbildning för det "
"andra fältet visas det fältet som 4294967295 (-1 som ett teckenlöst heltal)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Accessing files"
msgstr "Åtkomst av filer"

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"In order to determine permissions when an unprivileged process accesses a "
"file, the process credentials (UID, GID) and the file credentials are in "
"effect mapped back to what they would be in the initial user namespace and "
"then compared to determine the permissions that the process has on the "
"file.  The same is also true of other objects that employ the credentials "
"plus permissions mask accessibility model, such as System V IPC objects."
msgstr ""
"För att avgöra rättigheterna när en oprivilegierad process söker tillgång "
"till en fil avbildas processkreditiven (AID, GID) och de aktiva "
"filkreditiven tillbaka till vad de skulle vara i den initiala "
"användarnamnrymden och jämförs sedan för att avgöra rättigheterna som "
"processen har till filen. Detsamma är också sant för andra objekt som "
"använder åtkomstmodellen med kreditiv plus rättighetsmasker, såsom System V "
"IPC-objekt."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Operation of file-related capabilities"
msgstr "Åtgärder med filrelaterade förmågor"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Certain capabilities allow a process to bypass various kernel-enforced "
"restrictions when performing operations on files owned by other users or "
"groups.  These capabilities are: B<CAP_CHOWN>, B<CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE>, "
"B<CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH>, B<CAP_FOWNER>, and B<CAP_FSETID>."
msgstr ""
"Vissa förmågor tillåter en process att kringgå olika begränsningar som "
"kärnan upprätthåller när den utför åtgärder på filer som ägs av andra "
"användare eller grupper. Dessa förmågor är: B<CAP_CHOWN>, "
"B<CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE>, B<CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH>, B<CAP_FOWNER> och B<CAP_FSETID>."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Within a user namespace, these capabilities allow a process to bypass the "
"rules if the process has the relevant capability over the file, meaning that:"
msgstr ""
"Inom en användarnamnrymd tillåter dessa förmågor en process att kringgå "
"reglerna om processen har den relevanta förmågan över filen, vilket betyder:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"the process has the relevant effective capability in its user namespace; and"
msgstr ""
"processen har den relevanta effektiva förmågan i sin användarnamnrymd; och"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"the file's user ID and group ID both have valid mappings in the user "
"namespace."
msgstr ""
"filens användar-ID och grupp-ID båda har giltiga avbildningar i "
"användarnamnrymden."

#
#.  These are the checks performed by the kernel function
#.  inode_owner_or_capable(). There is one exception to the exception:
#.  overriding the directory sticky permission bit requires that
#.  the file has a valid mapping for both its UID and GID.
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The B<CAP_FOWNER> capability is treated somewhat exceptionally: it allows a "
"process to bypass the corresponding rules so long as at least the file's "
"user ID has a mapping in the user namespace (i.e., the file's group ID does "
"not need to have a valid mapping)."
msgstr ""
"Förmågan B<CAP_FOWNER> behandlas något speciellt: den tillåter en process "
"att kringgå motsvarande regler så länge som åtminstone filens användar-ID "
"har en avbildning i användarnamnrymden (d.v.s., filens grupp-ID behöver inte "
"ha en giltig avbildning)."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs"
msgstr "Sätt-användar-ID- och sätt-grupp-ID-program"

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a process inside a user namespace executes a set-user-ID (set-group-ID) "
"program, the process's effective user (group) ID inside the namespace is "
"changed to whatever value is mapped for the user (group) ID of the file.  "
"However, if either the user I<or> the group ID of the file has no mapping "
"inside the namespace, the set-user-ID (set-group-ID) bit is silently "
"ignored: the new program is executed, but the process's effective user "
"(group) ID is left unchanged.  (This mirrors the semantics of executing a "
"set-user-ID or set-group-ID program that resides on a filesystem that was "
"mounted with the B<MS_NOSUID> flag, as described in B<mount>(2).)"
msgstr ""
"När en process inuti en användarnamnrymd kör ett program som är sätt-"
"användar-ID (sätt-grupp-ID) ändras processens effektiva användar- (grupp-)ID "
"inuti namnrymden till det värde som är avbildat för filens användar- "
"(grupp-)ID.  Dock, om antingen filens användar- I<eller> grupp-ID inte har "
"någon avbildning inuti namnrymden ignoreras tyst biten sätt-användar-ID "
"(sätt-grupp-ID): det nya programmet körs, men processens effektiva användar- "
"(grupp-)ID lämnas orört.  (Detta avspeglar semantiken hos att köra ett "
"program med sätt-användar-ID eller sätt-grupp-ID som bor på ett filsystem "
"som monterades med flaggan B<MS_NOSUID>, såsom beskrivs i B<mount>(2).)"

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Miscellaneous"
msgstr "Diverse"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"When a process's user and group IDs are passed over a UNIX domain socket to "
"a process in a different user namespace (see the description of "
"B<SCM_CREDENTIALS> in B<unix>(7)), they are translated into the "
"corresponding values as per the receiving process's user and group ID "
"mappings."
msgstr ""
"När en process användar- och grupp-ID:n skickas över ett UNIX-domänsuttag "
"till en process i en annan användarnamnrymd (se beskrivningen av "
"B<SCM_CREDENTIALS> i B<unix>(7)) översätts de till de motsvarande värdena i "
"enlighet med den mottagande processens användar- och grupp-ID-avbildningar."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "STANDARDS"
msgstr "STANDARDER"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "Linux."
msgstr "Linux."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "NOTES"
msgstr "NOTERINGAR"

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Over the years, there have been a lot of features that have been added to "
"the Linux kernel that have been made available only to privileged users "
"because of their potential to confuse set-user-ID-root applications.  In "
"general, it becomes safe to allow the root user in a user namespace to use "
"those features because it is impossible, while in a user namespace, to gain "
"more privilege than the root user of a user namespace has."
msgstr ""
"Under åren har det funnits många funktioner som har lagts till till "
"Linuxkärnan som har gjorts tillgängliga endast till privilegierade användare "
"på grund av deras potential att förvirra sätt-användar-ID-root-program. I "
"allmänhet blir det säkert att tillåta root-användaren i en användarnamnrymd "
"att använda dessa funktioner eftersom det är omöjligt, så länge man finns i "
"en användarnamnrymd, att få fler privilegier än de som en användarnamnrymds "
"root-användare har."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Global root"
msgstr "Global root"

#
#.  ============================================================
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The term \"global root\" is sometimes used as a shorthand for user ID 0 in "
"the initial user namespace."
msgstr ""
"Termen ”global root” används ibland som en kortform för användar-ID 0 i den "
"initiala användarnamnrymden."

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Availability"
msgstr "Tillgänglighet"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Use of user namespaces requires a kernel that is configured with the "
"B<CONFIG_USER_NS> option.  User namespaces require support in a range of "
"subsystems across the kernel.  When an unsupported subsystem is configured "
"into the kernel, it is not possible to configure user namespaces support."
msgstr ""
"Användning av användarnamnrymder kräver en kärna som är konfigurerad med "
"alternativet B<CONFIG_USER_NS>. Användarnamnrymder kräver stöd i ett antal "
"undersystem i hela kärnan. När ett undersystem som inte stödjs konfigureras "
"i kärnan är det inte möjligt att konfigurera stöd för användarnamnrymder."

#.  commit d6970d4b726cea6d7a9bc4120814f95c09571fc3
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"As at Linux 3.8, most relevant subsystems supported user namespaces, but a "
"number of filesystems did not have the infrastructure needed to map user and "
"group IDs between user namespaces.  Linux 3.9 added the required "
"infrastructure support for many of the remaining unsupported filesystems "
"(Plan 9 (9P), Andrew File System (AFS), Ceph, CIFS, CODA, NFS, and OCFS2).  "
"Linux 3.12 added support for the last of the unsupported major filesystems, "
"XFS."
msgstr ""
"Fram till Linux 3.8 stödde de mest relevanta subsystemen användarnamnrymder, "
"men ett antal filsystem hade inte den nödvändiga infrastrukturen för att "
"avbilda användar- och grupp-ID:n mellan användarnamnrymder. Linux 3.9 lade "
"till det nödvändiga infrastrukturstödet till många av de återstående ej "
"stödda filsystemen (Plan 9 (9P), Andrew File System (AFS), Ceph, CIFS, CODA, "
"NFS och OCFS2). Linux 3.12 lade till stöd till det sista av de ej stödda "
"större filsystemen, XFS."

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "EXAMPLES"
msgstr "EXEMPEL"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The program below is designed to allow experimenting with user namespaces, "
"as well as other types of namespaces.  It creates namespaces as specified by "
"command-line options and then executes a command inside those namespaces.  "
"The comments and I<usage>()  function inside the program provide a full "
"explanation of the program.  The following shell session demonstrates its "
"use."
msgstr ""
"Nedanstående program är skapat för att möjliggöra experimenterande med "
"användarnamnrymder, liksom även andra typer av namnrymder. Det skapar "
"namnrymder enligt specifikationen från kommandoradsflaggor och kör sedan ett "
"kommando inuti dessa namnrymder. Kommentarerna och funktionen I<usage>() "
"inuti programmet ger den fullständiga förklaringen av programmet. Följande "
"skalsession demonstrerar dess användning."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid "First, we look at the run-time environment:"
msgstr "Först betraktar vi körtidsmiljön:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ B<uname -rs>     # Need Linux 3.8 or later\n"
"Linux 3.8.0\n"
"$ B<id -u>         # Running as unprivileged user\n"
"1000\n"
"$ B<id -g>\n"
"1000\n"
msgstr ""
"$ B<uname -rs>     # Förutsätter Linux 3.8 eller senare\n"
"Linux 3.8.0\n"
"$ B<id -u>         # Kör som en oprivilegierad användare\n"
"1000\n"
"$ B<id -g>\n"
"1000\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Now start a new shell in new user (I<-U>), mount (I<-m>), and PID (I<-p>)  "
"namespaces, with user ID (I<-M>)  and group ID (I<-G>)  1000 mapped to 0 "
"inside the user namespace:"
msgstr ""
"Starta nu ett skal i en ny användar- (I<-U>), monterings- (I<-m>) och PID- "
"(I<-p>) namnrymd, med användar-ID (I<-M>) och grupp-ID (I<-G>) 1000 "
"avbildade på 0 inuti användarnamnrymden:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ B<./userns_child_exec -p -m -U -M \\[aq]0 1000 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 1000 1\\[aq] bash>\n"
msgstr "$ B<./userns_child_exec -p -m -U -M \\[aq]0 1000 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 1000 1\\[aq] bash>\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The shell has PID 1, because it is the first process in the new PID "
"namespace:"
msgstr ""
"Skalet har PID 1, för att det är den första processen i den nya PID-"
"namnrymden."

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"bash$ B<echo $$>\n"
"1\n"
msgstr ""
"bash$ B<echo $$>\n"
"1\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Mounting a new I</proc> filesystem and listing all of the processes visible "
"in the new PID namespace shows that the shell can't see any processes "
"outside the PID namespace:"
msgstr ""
"Att montera ett nytt I</proc>-filsystem och lista alla processerna som är "
"synliga i den nya PID-namnrymden visar att skalet inte kan se några "
"processer utanför  PID-namnrymden:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"bash$ B<mount -t proc proc /proc>\n"
"bash$ B<ps ax>\n"
"  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND\n"
"    1 pts/3    S      0:00 bash\n"
"   22 pts/3    R+     0:00 ps ax\n"
msgstr ""
"bash$ B<mount -t proc proc /proc>\n"
"bash$ B<ps ax>\n"
"  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND\n"
"    1 pts/3    S      0:00 bash\n"
"   22 pts/3    R+     0:00 ps ax\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"Inside the user namespace, the shell has user and group ID 0, and a full set "
"of permitted and effective capabilities:"
msgstr ""
"Inuti användarnamnrymden har skalet användar- och grupp-ID 0, och den "
"kompletta uppsättningen av tillåtna och effektiva förmågor:"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"bash$ B<cat /proc/$$/status | egrep \\[aq]\\[ha][UG]id\\[aq]>\n"
"Uid:\t0\t0\t0\t0\n"
"Gid:\t0\t0\t0\t0\n"
"bash$ B<cat /proc/$$/status | egrep \\[aq]\\[ha]Cap(Prm|Inh|Eff)\\[aq]>\n"
"CapInh:\t0000000000000000\n"
"CapPrm:\t0000001fffffffff\n"
"CapEff:\t0000001fffffffff\n"
msgstr ""
"bash$ B<cat /proc/$$/status | egrep \\[aq]\\[ha][UG]id\\[aq]>\n"
"Uid:\t0\t0\t0\t0\n"
"Gid:\t0\t0\t0\t0\n"
"bash$ B<cat /proc/$$/status | egrep \\[aq]\\[ha]Cap(Prm|Inh|Eff)\\[aq]>\n"
"CapInh:\t0000000000000000\n"
"CapPrm:\t0000001fffffffff\n"
"CapEff:\t0000001fffffffff\n"

#. type: SS
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "Program source"
msgstr "Programkällkod"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"/* userns_child_exec.c\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Licensed under GNU General Public License v2 or later\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Create a child process that executes a shell command in new\n"
"   namespace(s); allow UID and GID mappings to be specified when\n"
"   creating a user namespace.\n"
"*/\n"
"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sched.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdint.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sys/wait.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>signal.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
"\\&\n"
"struct child_args {\n"
"    char **argv;        /* Command to be executed by child, with args */\n"
"    int    pipe_fd[2];  /* Pipe used to synchronize parent and child */\n"
"};\n"
"\\&\n"
"static int verbose;\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"usage(char *pname)\n"
"{\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s [options] cmd [arg...]\\en\\en\", pname);\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Create a child process that executes a shell \"\n"
"            \"command in a new user namespace,\\en\"\n"
"            \"and possibly also other new namespace(s).\\en\\en\");\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Options can be:\\en\\en\");\n"
"#define fpe(str) fprintf(stderr, \"    %s\", str);\n"
"    fpe(\"-i          New IPC namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-m          New mount namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-n          New network namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-p          New PID namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-u          New UTS namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-U          New user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-M uid_map  Specify UID map for user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-G gid_map  Specify GID map for user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-z          Map user\\[aq]s UID and GID to 0 in user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"            (equivalent to: -M \\[aq]0 E<lt>uidE<gt> 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 E<lt>gidE<gt> 1\\[aq])\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-v          Display verbose messages\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"If -z, -M, or -G is specified, -U is required.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"It is not permitted to specify both -z and either -M or -G.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Map strings for -M and -G consist of records of the form:\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"    ID-inside-ns   ID-outside-ns   len\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"A map string can contain multiple records, separated\"\n"
"        \" by commas;\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"the commas are replaced by newlines before writing\"\n"
"        \" to map files.\\en\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"/* Update the mapping file \\[aq]map_file\\[aq], with the value provided in\n"
"   \\[aq]mapping\\[aq], a string that defines a UID or GID mapping. A UID or\n"
"   GID mapping consists of one or more newline-delimited records\n"
"   of the form:\n"
"\\&\n"
"       ID_inside-ns    ID-outside-ns   length\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Requiring the user to supply a string that contains newlines is\n"
"   of course inconvenient for command-line use. Thus, we permit the\n"
"   use of commas to delimit records in this string, and replace them\n"
"   with newlines before writing the string to the file. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"update_map(char *mapping, char *map_file)\n"
"{\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"    size_t map_len;     /* Length of \\[aq]mapping\\[aq] */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Replace commas in mapping string with newlines. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    map_len = strlen(mapping);\n"
"    for (size_t j = 0; j E<lt> map_len; j++)\n"
"        if (mapping[j] == \\[aq],\\[aq])\n"
"            mapping[j] = \\[aq]\\en\\[aq];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    fd = open(map_file, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: open %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (write(fd, mapping, map_len) != map_len) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: write %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"/* Linux 3.19 made a change in the handling of setgroups(2) and\n"
"   the \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] file to address a security issue.  The issue\n"
"   allowed *unprivileged* users to employ user namespaces in\n"
"   order to drop groups.  The upshot of the 3.19 changes is that\n"
"   in order to update the \\[aq]gid_maps\\[aq] file, use of the setgroups()\n"
"   system call in this user namespace must first be disabled by\n"
"   writing \"deny\" to one of the /proc/PID/setgroups files for\n"
"   this namespace.  That is the purpose of the following function.  */\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"proc_setgroups_write(pid_t child_pid, char *str)\n"
"{\n"
"    char setgroups_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"\\&\n"
"    snprintf(setgroups_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/setgroups\",\n"
"            (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    fd = open(setgroups_path, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"\\&\n"
"        /* We may be on a system that doesn\\[aq]t support\n"
"           /proc/PID/setgroups. In that case, the file won\\[aq]t exist,\n"
"           and the system won\\[aq]t impose the restrictions that Linux 3.19\n"
"           added. That\\[aq]s fine: we don\\[aq]t need to do anything in order\n"
"           to permit \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] to be updated.\n"
"\\&\n"
"           However, if the error from open() was something other than\n"
"           the ENOENT error that is expected for that case,  let the\n"
"           user know. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"        if (errno != ENOENT)\n"
"            fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: open %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        return;\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (write(fd, str, strlen(str)) == -1)\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: write %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"            strerror(errno));\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"static int              /* Start function for cloned child */\n"
"childFunc(void *arg)\n"
"{\n"
"    struct child_args *args = arg;\n"
"    char ch;\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Wait until the parent has updated the UID and GID mappings.\n"
"       See the comment in main(). We wait for end of file on a\n"
"       pipe that will be closed by the parent process once it has\n"
"       updated the mappings. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[1]);    /* Close our descriptor for the write\n"
"                                   end of the pipe so that we see EOF\n"
"                                   when parent closes its descriptor. */\n"
"    if (read(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0], &ch, 1) != 0) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr,\n"
"                \"Failure in child: read from pipe returned != 0\\en\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Execute a shell command. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    printf(\"About to exec %s\\en\", args-E<gt>argv[0]);\n"
"    execvp(args-E<gt>argv[0], args-E<gt>argv);\n"
"    err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"execvp\");\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"#define STACK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)\n"
"\\&\n"
"static char child_stack[STACK_SIZE];    /* Space for child\\[aq]s stack */\n"
"\\&\n"
"int\n"
"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    int flags, opt, map_zero;\n"
"    pid_t child_pid;\n"
"    struct child_args args;\n"
"    char *uid_map, *gid_map;\n"
"    const int MAP_BUF_SIZE = 100;\n"
"    char map_buf[MAP_BUF_SIZE];\n"
"    char map_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Parse command-line options. The initial \\[aq]+\\[aq] character in\n"
"       the final getopt() argument prevents GNU-style permutation\n"
"       of command-line options. That\\[aq]s useful, since sometimes\n"
"       the \\[aq]command\\[aq] to be executed by this program itself\n"
"       has command-line options. We don\\[aq]t want getopt() to treat\n"
"       those as options to this program. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    flags = 0;\n"
"    verbose = 0;\n"
"    gid_map = NULL;\n"
"    uid_map = NULL;\n"
"    map_zero = 0;\n"
"    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, \"+imnpuUM:G:zv\")) != -1) {\n"
"        switch (opt) {\n"
"        case \\[aq]i\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWIPC;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]m\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;         break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]n\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]p\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWPID;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]u\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUTS;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]v\\[aq]: verbose = 1;                  break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]z\\[aq]: map_zero = 1;                 break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]M\\[aq]: uid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]G\\[aq]: gid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]U\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;       break;\n"
"        default:  usage(argv[0]);\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* -M or -G without -U is nonsensical */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (((uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL || map_zero) &&\n"
"                !(flags & CLONE_NEWUSER)) ||\n"
"            (map_zero && (uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL)))\n"
"        usage(argv[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    args.argv = &argv[optind];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* We use a pipe to synchronize the parent and child, in order to\n"
"       ensure that the parent sets the UID and GID maps before the child\n"
"       calls execve(). This ensures that the child maintains its\n"
"       capabilities during the execve() in the common case where we\n"
"       want to map the child\\[aq]s effective user ID to 0 in the new user\n"
"       namespace. Without this synchronization, the child would lose\n"
"       its capabilities if it performed an execve() with nonzero\n"
"       user IDs (see the capabilities(7) man page for details of the\n"
"       transformation of a process\\[aq]s capabilities during execve()). */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (pipe(args.pipe_fd) == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"pipe\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Create the child in new namespace(s). */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    child_pid = clone(childFunc, child_stack + STACK_SIZE,\n"
"                      flags | SIGCHLD, &args);\n"
"    if (child_pid == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"clone\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Parent falls through to here. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: PID of child created by clone() is %jd\\en\",\n"
"                argv[0], (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Update the UID and GID maps in the child. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (uid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/uid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %jd 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getuid());\n"
"            uid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(uid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (gid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        proc_setgroups_write(child_pid, \"deny\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/gid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %ld 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getgid());\n"
"            gid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(gid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Close the write end of the pipe, to signal to the child that we\n"
"       have updated the UID and GID maps. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args.pipe_fd[1]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (waitpid(child_pid, NULL, 0) == -1)      /* Wait for child */\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"waitpid\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: terminating\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""
"/* userns_child_exec.c\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Licensed under GNU General Public License v2 or later\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Skapa en barnprocess som kör ett skalkommando i nya namnrymder;\n"
"   låt UID- och GID-avbildningar anges när en användarnamnrymd\n"
"   skapas.\n"
"*/\n"
"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sched.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdint.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sys/wait.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>signal.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
"\\&\n"
"struct child_args {\n"
"    char **argv;        /* Kommando att köras av barnet, med argument */\n"
"    int    pipe_fd[2];  /* Rör använt för att synkronisera förälder och barn */\n"
"};\n"
"\\&\n"
"static int verbose;\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"usage(char *pname)\n"
"{\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Användning: %s [flaggor] kmd [arg…]\\en\\en\", pname);\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Skapa en barnprocess som kör ett skalkommando i \"\n"
"            \"en ny användarnamnrymd,\\en\"\n"
"            \"och eventuellt även andra nya namnrymder.\\en\\en\");\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Flaggor kan vara:\\en\\en\");\n"
"#define fpe(str) fprintf(stderr, \"    %s\", str);\n"
"    fpe(\"-i          Ny IPC-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-m          Ny monteringsnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-n          Ny nätverksnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-p          Ny PID-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-u          Ny UTS-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-U          Ny användarnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-M uid_map  Ange AID-avbildning för användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-G gid_map  Ange GID-avbildning för användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-z          Avbilda användar-AID och -GID till 0 i användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"            (ekvivalent med: -M \\[aq]0 E<lt>aidE<gt> 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 E<lt>gidE<gt> 1\\[aq])\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-v          Visa utförliga meddelanden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Om -z, -M eller -G anges är -U nödvändigt.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Det är inte tillåtet att ange både -z och någon av -M eller -G.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Avbildningssträngar för -M och -G består av poster på formen:\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"    ID-inuti-nr   ID-utanför-nr   längd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"En avbildningssträng kan innehålla flera poster, separerade\"\n"
"        \" av komman;\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"kommatecknen ersätts med nyrader före skrivning\"\n"
"        \" till avbildningsfiler.\\en\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"/* Uppdatera avbildningsfilen \\[aq]map_fil\\[aq], med värdena som ges i\n"
"   \\[aq]avbildning\\[aq], en sträng som definierar en AID- eller GID-avbildning.\n"
"   En AID- eller GID-avbildning består av en eller flera nyradsavgränsade poster\n"
"   på formen:\n"
"\\&\n"
"       ID_inuti-nr    ID-utanför-nr   längd\n"
"\\&\n"
"   Att begära att användaren skall ge en sträng som innehåller nyrader är\n"
"   naturligtvis opraktiskt för kommandoradsanvändning. Därför tillåter vi\n"
"   användningen av komman för att avgränsa poster i denna sträng, och\n"
"   ersätter dem med nyrader före vi skriver strängen till filen. */\"\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"update_map(char *mapping, char *map_file)\n"
"{\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"    size_t map_len;     /* Längden på \\\\[aq]avbildning\\\\[aq] */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Ersätt kommatecken i avbildningssträngar med nyrader. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    map_len = strlen(mapping);\n"
"    for (size_t j = 0; j E<lt> map_len; j++)\n"
"        if (mapping[j] == \\[aq],\\[aq])\n"
"            mapping[j] = \\[aq]\\en\\[aq];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    fd = open(map_file, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: open %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (write(fd, mapping, map_len) != map_len) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: write %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"/* Linux 3.19 gjorde en ändring av hanteringen av setgroups(2) och filen\n"
"   \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] för att åtgärda ett säkerhetsproblem.  Problemet tillät\n"
"   *oprivilegierade* användare att nyttja användarnamnrymder för att släppa\n"
"   grupper. Följden av ändringarna i 3.19 är att för att uppdatera filen\n"
"   \\[aq]gid_maps\\[aq] måste först användning av systemanropet setgroups()\n"
"   i denna användarnamnrymd avaktiveras genom att skriva \"deny\" till en\n"
"   av filerna /proc/PID/setgroups för denna namnrymd.  Det är syftet med\n"
"   följande funktion. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"static void\n"
"proc_setgroups_write(pid_t child_pid, char *str)\n"
"{\n"
"    char setgroups_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"\\&\n"
"    snprintf(setgroups_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/setgroups\",\n"
"            (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    fd = open(setgroups_path, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"\\&\n"
"        /* Vi kan vara på ett system som inte stödjer /proc/PID/setgroups.\n"
"           I det fallet kommer filen inte att finnas, och systemet kommer\n"
"           inte att påtvinga begränsningarna som Linux 3.19 lade till. Det\n"
"           är bra så: vi behöver inte göra något för att tillåta att\n"
"           \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] uppdateras.\n"
"\\&\n"
"           Dock, om felet från open() var något annat än felet ENOENT\n"
"           som förväntas i det fallet, tala om det för användaren. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"        if (errno != ENOENT)\n"
"            fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: open %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        return;\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (write(fd, str, strlen(str)) == -1)\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: write %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"            strerror(errno));\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"static int              /* Startfunktion för klonat barn */\n"
"childFunc(void *arg)\n"
"{\n"
"    struct child_args *args = arg;\n"
"    char ch;\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Vänta tills föräldern har uppdaterat AID- och GID-avbildningarna.\n"
"       Se kommentaren i main(). Vi väntar på filslut från ett rör som\n"
"       kommer stängas av föräldraprocessen när den har uppdaterat\n"
"       avbildningarna. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[1]);    /* Stäng vår beskrivare för skrivänden\n"
"                                    av röret så att vi ser EOF när föräldern\n"
"                                    stänger sin beskrivare. */\n"
"    if (read(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0], &ch, 1) != 0) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr,\n"
"                \"Fel i barnet: läsning från röret returnerade ≠ 0\\en\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Kör ett skalkommando. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    printf(\"I begrepp att göra exec %s\\en\", args-E<gt>argv[0]);\n"
"    execvp(args-E<gt>argv[0], args-E<gt>argv);\n"
"    err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"execvp\");\n"
"}\n"
"\\&\n"
"#define STACK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)\n"
"\\&\n"
"static char child_stack[STACK_SIZE];    /* Utrymme för barnets stack */\n"
"\\&\n"
"int\n"
"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    int flags, opt, map_zero;\n"
"    pid_t child_pid;\n"
"    struct child_args args;\n"
"    char *uid_map, *gid_map;\n"
"    const int MAP_BUF_SIZE = 100;\n"
"    char map_buf[MAP_BUF_SIZE];\n"
"    char map_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Tolka kommandoradsflaggor. Det inledande tecknet \\[aq]+\\[aq] i det\n"
"       sista argumentet till getopt() förhindrar permutationer av\n"
"       kommandoradsflaggor enligt GNU-stil. Det är användbart, eftersom\n"
"       ibland \\[aq]kommandot\\[aq] som skall köras av detta program självt\n"
"       har kommandoradsflaggor. Vi vill inte att getopt() skall hantera\n"
"       dessa som flaggor till detta program. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    flags = 0;\n"
"    verbose = 0;\n"
"    gid_map = NULL;\n"
"    uid_map = NULL;\n"
"    map_zero = 0;\n"
"    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, \"+imnpuUM:G:zv\")) != -1) {\n"
"        switch (opt) {\n"
"        case \\[aq]i\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWIPC;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]m\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;         break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]n\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]p\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWPID;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]u\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUTS;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]v\\[aq]: verbose = 1;                  break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]z\\[aq]: map_zero = 1;                 break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]M\\[aq]: uid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]G\\[aq]: gid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]U\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;       break;\n"
"        default:  usage(argv[0]);\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* -M eller -G utan -U är meningslöst */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (((uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL || map_zero) &&\n"
"                !(flags & CLONE_NEWUSER)) ||\n"
"            (map_zero && (uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL)))\n"
"        usage(argv[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    args.argv = &argv[optind];\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Vi använder ett rör för att synkronisera förälder och barn, för\n"
"       att säkerställa att föräldern ställer in UID- och GID-avbildningarna\n"
"       före barnet anropar execve(). Detta ser till att barnet behåller\n"
"       sina förmågor under execve() i det vanliga fallet då vi vill avbilda\n"
"       barnets effektiva användar-ID på 0 i den nya användarnamnrymden.\n"
"       Utan denna synkronisering skulle barnet tappa sina förmågor om det\n"
"       utförde en execve() med användar-ID:n skilda från noll (se\n"
"       manualsidan capabilities(7) för detaljer om transformationen av en\n"
"       process förmågor under execve()). */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (pipe(args.pipe_fd) == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"pipe\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Skapa barnet i nya namnrymder. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    child_pid = clone(childFunc, child_stack + STACK_SIZE,\n"
"                      flags | SIGCHLD, &args);\n"
"    if (child_pid == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"clone\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Föräldern faller igenom hit. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: PID för barnet som skapades av clone() är %jd\\en\",\n"
"                argv[0], (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Uppdatera UID- och GID-avbildningarna i barnet. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (uid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/uid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %jd 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getuid());\n"
"            uid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(uid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (gid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        proc_setgroups_write(child_pid, \"deny\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/gid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %ld 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getgid());\n"
"            gid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(gid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
"\\&\n"
"    /* Stäng skrivänden av röret för att signalera till barnet att vi\n"
"       har uppdaterat UID- och GID-avbildningarna. */\n"
"\\&\n"
"    close(args.pipe_fd[1]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (waitpid(child_pid, NULL, 0) == -1)      /* Wait for child */\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"waitpid\");\n"
"\\&\n"
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: avslutar\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
"\\&\n"
"    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
"}\n"

#. type: SH
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
#, no-wrap
msgid "SEE ALSO"
msgstr "SE ÄVEN"

#.  From the shadow package
#.  From the shadow package
#.  From the shadow package
#.  From the shadow package
#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"B<newgidmap>(1), B<newuidmap>(1), B<clone>(2), B<ptrace>(2), B<setns>(2), "
"B<unshare>(2), B<proc>(5), B<subgid>(5), B<subuid>(5), B<capabilities>(7), "
"B<cgroup_namespaces>(7), B<credentials>(7), B<namespaces>(7), "
"B<pid_namespaces>(7)"
msgstr ""
"B<newgidmap>(1), B<newuidmap>(1), B<clone>(2), B<ptrace>(2), B<setns>(2), "
"B<unshare>(2), B<proc>(5), B<subgid>(5), B<subuid>(5), B<capabilities>(7), "
"B<cgroup_namespaces>(7), B<credentials>(7), B<namespaces>(7), "
"B<pid_namespaces>(7)"

#. type: Plain text
#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide
#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed
msgid ""
"The kernel source file I<Documentation/admin-guide/namespaces/resource-"
"control.rst>."
msgstr ""
"Kärnans källfil I<Documentation/admin-guide/namespaces/resource-control.rst>."

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-02-05"
msgstr "5 februari 2023"

#. type: TH
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6
msgid ""
"Holding B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> within the user namespace that owns a process's "
"cgroup namespace allows (since Linux 4.6)  that process to the mount the "
"cgroup version 2 filesystem and cgroup version 1 named hierarchies (i.e., "
"cgroup filesystems mounted with the I<\"none,name=\"> option)."
msgstr ""
"Att hålla B<CAP_SYS_ADMIN> inom användarnamnrymden som äger en process "
"cgroup-namnrymd gör (från Linux 4.6) att den processen kan montera "
"filsystemet cgroup version 2 och namngivna hierarkier av filsystemet cgroup "
"verson 1 (d.v.s., cgroup-filsystem monterade med flaggan I<\"none,name=\">)."

#. type: SS
#: debian-bookworm
#, no-wrap
msgid "The /proc/I<pid>/setgroups file"
msgstr "Filen /proc/I<pid>/setgroups"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm
msgid "Namespaces are a Linux-specific feature."
msgstr "Namnrymder är en Linux-specifik funktion."

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "/* userns_child_exec.c\n"
msgstr "/* userns_child_exec.c\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "   Licensed under GNU General Public License v2 or later\n"
msgstr "   Licensierad under GNU General Public License v2 eller senare\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"   Create a child process that executes a shell command in new\n"
"   namespace(s); allow UID and GID mappings to be specified when\n"
"   creating a user namespace.\n"
"*/\n"
"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sched.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdint.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sys/wait.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>signal.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"
msgstr ""
"   Skapa en barnprocess som kör ett skalkommande i nya namnrymder;\n"
"   tillåt UID- och GID-avbildningar att anges när en användarnamnrymd\n"
"   skapas.\n"
"*/\n"
"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n"
"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sched.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdint.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>sys/wait.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>signal.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>\n"
"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"struct child_args {\n"
"    char **argv;        /* Command to be executed by child, with args */\n"
"    int    pipe_fd[2];  /* Pipe used to synchronize parent and child */\n"
"};\n"
msgstr ""
"struct child_args {\n"
"    char **argv;        /* Kommando att köras av barnet, med argument */\n"
"    int    pipe_fd[2];  /* Rör använt för att synkronisera förälder och barn */\n"
"};\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "static int verbose;\n"
msgstr "static int verbose;\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"static void\n"
"usage(char *pname)\n"
"{\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s [options] cmd [arg...]\\en\\en\", pname);\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Create a child process that executes a shell \"\n"
"            \"command in a new user namespace,\\en\"\n"
"            \"and possibly also other new namespace(s).\\en\\en\");\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Options can be:\\en\\en\");\n"
"#define fpe(str) fprintf(stderr, \"    %s\", str);\n"
"    fpe(\"-i          New IPC namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-m          New mount namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-n          New network namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-p          New PID namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-u          New UTS namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-U          New user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-M uid_map  Specify UID map for user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-G gid_map  Specify GID map for user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-z          Map user\\[aq]s UID and GID to 0 in user namespace\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"            (equivalent to: -M \\[aq]0 E<lt>uidE<gt> 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 E<lt>gidE<gt> 1\\[aq])\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-v          Display verbose messages\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"If -z, -M, or -G is specified, -U is required.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"It is not permitted to specify both -z and either -M or -G.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Map strings for -M and -G consist of records of the form:\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"    ID-inside-ns   ID-outside-ns   len\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"A map string can contain multiple records, separated\"\n"
"        \" by commas;\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"the commas are replaced by newlines before writing\"\n"
"        \" to map files.\\en\");\n"
msgstr ""
"static void\n"
"usage(char *pname)\n"
"{\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Användning: %s [flaggor] kmd [arg…]\\en\\en\", pname);\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Skapa en barnprocess som kör ett skalkommando i \"\n"
"            \"en ny användarnamnrymd,\\en\"\n"
"            \"och eventuellt även andra nya namnrymder.\\en\\en\");\n"
"    fprintf(stderr, \"Flaggor kan vara:\\en\\en\");\n"
"#define fpe(str) fprintf(stderr, \"    %s\", str);\n"
"    fpe(\"-i          Ny IPC-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-m          Ny monteringsnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-n          Ny nätverksnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-p          Ny PID-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-u          Ny UTS-namnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-U          Ny användarnamnrymd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-M uid_map  Ange AID-avbildning för användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-G gid_map  Ange GID-avbildning för användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-z          Avbilda användar-AID och -GID till 0 i användarnamnrymden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"            (ekvivalent med: -M \\[aq]0 E<lt>aidE<gt> 1\\[aq] -G \\[aq]0 E<lt>gidE<gt> 1\\[aq])\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"-v          Visa utförliga meddelanden\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Om -z, -M eller -G anges är -U nödvändigt.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Det är inte tillåtet att ange både -z och någon av -M eller -G.\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"Avbildningssträngar för -M och -G består av poster på formen:\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"    ID-inuti-nr   ID-utanför-nr   längd\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"En avbildningssträng kan innehålla flera poster, separerade\"\n"
"        \" av komman;\\en\");\n"
"    fpe(\"kommatecknen ersätts med nyrader före skrivning\"\n"
"        \" till avbildningsfiler.\\en\");\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""
"    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"}\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"/* Update the mapping file \\[aq]map_file\\[aq], with the value provided in\n"
"   \\[aq]mapping\\[aq], a string that defines a UID or GID mapping. A UID or\n"
"   GID mapping consists of one or more newline-delimited records\n"
"   of the form:\n"
msgstr ""
"/* Uppdatera avbildningsfilen \\[dq]map_fil\\[dq], med värdena som ges i\n"
"   \\[dq]avbildning\\[dq], en sträng som definierar en AID- eller GID-avbildning.\n"
"   En AID- eller GID-avbildning består av en eller flera nyradsavgränsade poster\n"
"   på formen:\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "       ID_inside-ns    ID-outside-ns   length\n"
msgstr "       ID_inuti-nr    ID-utanför-nr   längd\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"   Requiring the user to supply a string that contains newlines is\n"
"   of course inconvenient for command-line use. Thus, we permit the\n"
"   use of commas to delimit records in this string, and replace them\n"
"   with newlines before writing the string to the file. */\n"
msgstr ""
"   Att begära att användaren skall ge en sträng som innehåller nyrader är\n"
"   naturligtvis opraktiskt för kommandoradsanvändning. Därför tillåter vi\n"
"   användningen av komman för att avgränsa poster i denna sträng, och\n"
"   ersätter dem med nyrader före vi skriver strängen till filen. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"static void\n"
"update_map(char *mapping, char *map_file)\n"
"{\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"    size_t map_len;     /* Length of \\[aq]mapping\\[aq] */\n"
msgstr ""
"static void\n"
"update_map(char *mapping, char *map_file)\n"
"{\n"
"    int fd;\n"
"    size_t map_len;     /* Längden på \\[dq]avbildning\\[dq] */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Replace commas in mapping string with newlines. */\n"
msgstr "    /* Ersätt kommatecken i avbildningssträngar med nyrader. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    map_len = strlen(mapping);\n"
"    for (size_t j = 0; j E<lt> map_len; j++)\n"
"        if (mapping[j] == \\[aq],\\[aq])\n"
"            mapping[j] = \\[aq]\\en\\[aq];\n"
msgstr ""
"    map_len = strlen(mapping);\n"
"    for (size_t j = 0; j E<lt> map_len; j++)\n"
"        if (mapping[j] == \\[aq],\\[aq])\n"
"            mapping[j] = \\[aq]\\en\\[aq];\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    fd = open(map_file, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: open %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"    fd = open(map_file, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: open %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (write(fd, mapping, map_len) != map_len) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: write %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (write(fd, mapping, map_len) != map_len) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: write %s: %s\\en\", map_file,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""
"    close(fd);\n"
"}\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"/* Linux 3.19 made a change in the handling of setgroups(2) and the\n"
"   \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] file to address a security issue.  The issue allowed\n"
"   *unprivileged* users to employ user namespaces in order to drop groups.\n"
"   The upshot of the 3.19 changes is that in order to update the\n"
"   \\[aq]gid_maps\\[aq] file, use of the setgroups() system call in this\n"
"   user namespace must first be disabled by writing \"deny\" to one of\n"
"   the /proc/PID/setgroups files for this namespace.  That is the\n"
"   purpose of the following function. */\n"
msgstr ""
"/* Linux 3.19 gjorde en ändring av hanteringen av setgroups(2) och filen\n"
"   \\[dq]gid_map\\[dq] för att åtgärda ett säkerhetsproblem.  Problemet tillät\n"
"   *oprivilegierade* användare att nyttja användarnamnrymder för att släppa\n"
"   grupper. Följden av ändringarna i 3.19 är att för att uppdatera filen\n"
"   \\[dq]gid_maps\\[dq] måste först användning av systemanropet setgroups()\n"
"   i denna användarnamnrymd avaktiveras genom att skriva \"deny\" till en\n"
"   av filerna /proc/PID/setgroups för denna namnrymd.  Det är syftet med\n"
"   följande funktion. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"static void\n"
"proc_setgroups_write(pid_t child_pid, char *str)\n"
"{\n"
"    char setgroups_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"    int fd;\n"
msgstr ""
"static void\n"
"proc_setgroups_write(pid_t child_pid, char *str)\n"
"{\n"
"    char setgroups_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
"    int fd;\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    snprintf(setgroups_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/setgroups\",\n"
"            (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
msgstr ""
"    snprintf(setgroups_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/setgroups\",\n"
"            (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    fd = open(setgroups_path, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"
msgstr ""
"    fd = open(setgroups_path, O_RDWR);\n"
"    if (fd == -1) {\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        /* We may be on a system that doesn\\[aq]t support\n"
"           /proc/PID/setgroups. In that case, the file won\\[aq]t exist,\n"
"           and the system won\\[aq]t impose the restrictions that Linux 3.19\n"
"           added. That\\[aq]s fine: we don\\[aq]t need to do anything in order\n"
"           to permit \\[aq]gid_map\\[aq] to be updated.\n"
msgstr ""
"        /* Vi kan vara på ett system som inte stödjer /proc/PID/setgroups.\n"
"           I det fallet kommer filen inte att finnas, och systemet kommer\n"
"           inte att påtvinga begränsningarna som Linux 3.19 lade till. Det\n"
"           är bra så: vi behöver inte göra något för att tillåta att\n"
"           \\[dq]gid_map\\[dq] uppdateras.\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"           However, if the error from open() was something other than\n"
"           the ENOENT error that is expected for that case,  let the\n"
"           user know. */\n"
msgstr ""
"           Dock, om felet från open() var något annat än felet ENOENT\n"
"           som förväntas i det fallet, tala om det för användaren. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        if (errno != ENOENT)\n"
"            fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: open %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        return;\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"        if (errno != ENOENT)\n"
"            fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: open %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"                strerror(errno));\n"
"        return;\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (write(fd, str, strlen(str)) == -1)\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"ERROR: write %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"            strerror(errno));\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (write(fd, str, strlen(str)) == -1)\n"
"        fprintf(stderr, \"FEL: write %s: %s\\en\", setgroups_path,\n"
"            strerror(errno));\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"static int              /* Start function for cloned child */\n"
"childFunc(void *arg)\n"
"{\n"
"    struct child_args *args = arg;\n"
"    char ch;\n"
msgstr ""
"static int              /* Startfunktion för klonat barn */\n"
"childFunc(void *arg)\n"
"{\n"
"    struct child_args *args = arg;\n"
"    char ch;\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    /* Wait until the parent has updated the UID and GID mappings.\n"
"       See the comment in main(). We wait for end of file on a\n"
"       pipe that will be closed by the parent process once it has\n"
"       updated the mappings. */\n"
msgstr ""
"    /* Vänta tills föräldern har uppdaterat AID- och GID-avbildningarna.\n"
"       Se kommentaren i main(). Vi väntar på filslut från ett rör som\n"
"       kommer stängas av föräldraprocessen när den har uppdaterat\n"
"       avbildningarna. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[1]);    /* Close our descriptor for the write\n"
"                                   end of the pipe so that we see EOF\n"
"                                   when parent closes its descriptor. */\n"
"    if (read(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0], &ch, 1) != 0) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr,\n"
"                \"Failure in child: read from pipe returned != 0\\en\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[1]);    /* Stäng vår beskrivare för skrivänden\n"
"                                   av röret så att vi ser EOF när föräldern\n"
"                                   stänger sin beskrivare. */\n"
"    if (read(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0], &ch, 1) != 0) {\n"
"        fprintf(stderr,\n"
"                \"Fel i barnet: läsning från röret returnerade ≠ 0\\en\");\n"
"        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0]);\n"
msgstr "    close(args-E<gt>pipe_fd[0]);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Execute a shell command. */\n"
msgstr "    /* Kör ett skalkommando. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    printf(\"About to exec %s\\en\", args-E<gt>argv[0]);\n"
"    execvp(args-E<gt>argv[0], args-E<gt>argv);\n"
"    err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"execvp\");\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""
"    printf(\"I begrepp att göra exec %s\\en\", args-E<gt>argv[0]);\n"
"    execvp(args-E<gt>argv[0], args-E<gt>argv);\n"
"    err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"execvp\");\n"
"}\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "#define STACK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)\n"
msgstr "#define STACK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "static char child_stack[STACK_SIZE];    /* Space for child\\[aq]s stack */\n"
msgstr "static char child_stack[STACK_SIZE];    /* Utrymme för barnets stack */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"int\n"
"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    int flags, opt, map_zero;\n"
"    pid_t child_pid;\n"
"    struct child_args args;\n"
"    char *uid_map, *gid_map;\n"
"    const int MAP_BUF_SIZE = 100;\n"
"    char map_buf[MAP_BUF_SIZE];\n"
"    char map_path[PATH_MAX];\n"
msgstr ""
"int\n"
"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
"{\n"
"    int flags, opt, map_zero;\n"
"    pid_t child_pid;\n"
"    struct child_args args;\n"
"    char *uid_map, *gid_map;\n"
"    const int MAP_BUF_SIZE = 100;\n"
"    char map_buf[MAP_BUF_SIZE];\n"
"    char map_path[PATH_MAX];\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    /* Parse command-line options. The initial \\[aq]+\\[aq] character in\n"
"       the final getopt() argument prevents GNU-style permutation\n"
"       of command-line options. That\\[aq]s useful, since sometimes\n"
"       the \\[aq]command\\[aq] to be executed by this program itself\n"
"       has command-line options. We don\\[aq]t want getopt() to treat\n"
"       those as options to this program. */\n"
msgstr ""
"    /* Tolka kommandoradsflaggor. Det inledande tecknet \\[dq]+\\[dq] i det\n"
"       sista argumentet till getopt() förhindrar permutationer av\n"
"       kommandoradsflaggor enligt GNU-stil. Det är användbart, eftersom\n"
"       ibland \\[dq]kommandot\\[dq] som skall köras av detta program självt\n"
"       har kommandoradsflaggor. Vi vill inte att getopt() skall hantera\n"
"       dessa som flaggor till detta program. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    flags = 0;\n"
"    verbose = 0;\n"
"    gid_map = NULL;\n"
"    uid_map = NULL;\n"
"    map_zero = 0;\n"
"    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, \"+imnpuUM:G:zv\")) != -1) {\n"
"        switch (opt) {\n"
"        case \\[aq]i\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWIPC;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]m\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;         break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]n\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]p\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWPID;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]u\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUTS;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]v\\[aq]: verbose = 1;                  break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]z\\[aq]: map_zero = 1;                 break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]M\\[aq]: uid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]G\\[aq]: gid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]U\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;       break;\n"
"        default:  usage(argv[0]);\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"    flags = 0;\n"
"    verbose = 0;\n"
"    gid_map = NULL;\n"
"    uid_map = NULL;\n"
"    map_zero = 0;\n"
"    while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, \"+imnpuUM:G:zv\")) != -1) {\n"
"        switch (opt) {\n"
"        case \\[aq]i\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWIPC;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]m\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;         break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]n\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWNET;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]p\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWPID;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]u\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUTS;        break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]v\\[aq]: verbose = 1;                  break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]z\\[aq]: map_zero = 1;                 break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]M\\[aq]: uid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]G\\[aq]: gid_map = optarg;             break;\n"
"        case \\[aq]U\\[aq]: flags |= CLONE_NEWUSER;       break;\n"
"        default:  usage(argv[0]);\n"
"        }\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* -M or -G without -U is nonsensical */\n"
msgstr "    /* -M eller -G utan -U är meningslöst */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (((uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL || map_zero) &&\n"
"                !(flags & CLONE_NEWUSER)) ||\n"
"            (map_zero && (uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL)))\n"
"        usage(argv[0]);\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (((uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL || map_zero) &&\n"
"                !(flags & CLONE_NEWUSER)) ||\n"
"            (map_zero && (uid_map != NULL || gid_map != NULL)))\n"
"        usage(argv[0]);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    args.argv = &argv[optind];\n"
msgstr "    args.argv = &argv[optind];\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    /* We use a pipe to synchronize the parent and child, in order to\n"
"       ensure that the parent sets the UID and GID maps before the child\n"
"       calls execve(). This ensures that the child maintains its\n"
"       capabilities during the execve() in the common case where we\n"
"       want to map the child\\[aq]s effective user ID to 0 in the new user\n"
"       namespace. Without this synchronization, the child would lose\n"
"       its capabilities if it performed an execve() with nonzero\n"
"       user IDs (see the capabilities(7) man page for details of the\n"
"       transformation of a process\\[aq]s capabilities during execve()). */\n"
msgstr ""
"    /* Vi använder ett rör för att synkronisera förälder och barn, för\n"
"       att säkerställa att föräldern ställer in UID- och GID-avbildningarna\n"
"       före barnet anropar execve(). Detta ser till att barnet behåller\n"
"       sina förmågor under execve() i det vanliga fallet då vi vill avbilda\n"
"       barnets effektiva användar-ID på 0 i den nya användarnamnrymden.\n"
"       Utan denna synkronisering skulle barnet tappa sina förmågor om det\n"
"       utförde en execve() med användar-ID:n skilda från noll (se\n"
"       manualsidan capabilities(7) för detaljer om transformationen av en\n"
"       process förmågor under execve()). */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (pipe(args.pipe_fd) == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"pipe\");\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (pipe(args.pipe_fd) == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"pipe\");\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Create the child in new namespace(s). */\n"
msgstr "    /* Skapa barnet i nya namnrymder. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    child_pid = clone(childFunc, child_stack + STACK_SIZE,\n"
"                      flags | SIGCHLD, &args);\n"
"    if (child_pid == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"clone\");\n"
msgstr ""
"    child_pid = clone(childFunc, child_stack + STACK_SIZE,\n"
"                      flags | SIGCHLD, &args);\n"
"    if (child_pid == -1)\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"clone\");\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Parent falls through to here. */\n"
msgstr "    /* Föräldern faller igenom hit. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: PID of child created by clone() is %jd\\en\",\n"
"                argv[0], (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: PID för barnet som skapades av clone() är %jd\\en\",\n"
"                argv[0], (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    /* Update the UID and GID maps in the child. */\n"
msgstr "    /* Uppdatera UID- och GID-avbildningarna i barnet. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (uid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/uid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %jd 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getuid());\n"
"            uid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(uid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (uid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/uid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %jd 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getuid());\n"
"            uid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(uid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (gid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        proc_setgroups_write(child_pid, \"deny\");\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (gid_map != NULL || map_zero) {\n"
"        proc_setgroups_write(child_pid, \"deny\");\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/gid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %ld 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getgid());\n"
"            gid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(gid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"
msgstr ""
"        snprintf(map_path, PATH_MAX, \"/proc/%jd/gid_map\",\n"
"                (intmax_t) child_pid);\n"
"        if (map_zero) {\n"
"            snprintf(map_buf, MAP_BUF_SIZE, \"0 %ld 1\",\n"
"                    (intmax_t) getgid());\n"
"            gid_map = map_buf;\n"
"        }\n"
"        update_map(gid_map, map_path);\n"
"    }\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    /* Close the write end of the pipe, to signal to the child that we\n"
"       have updated the UID and GID maps. */\n"
msgstr ""
"    /* Stäng skrivänden av röret för att signalera till barnet att vi\n"
"       har uppdaterat UID- och GID-avbildningarna. */\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "    close(args.pipe_fd[1]);\n"
msgstr "    close(args.pipe_fd[1]);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (waitpid(child_pid, NULL, 0) == -1)      /* Wait for child */\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"waitpid\");\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (waitpid(child_pid, NULL, 0) == -1)      /* Vänta på barnet */\n"
"        err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"waitpid\");\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: terminating\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
msgstr ""
"    if (verbose)\n"
"        printf(\"%s: avslutar\\en\", argv[0]);\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
"}\n"
msgstr ""
"    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
"}\n"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-10-31"
msgstr "31 oktober 2023"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "2024-02-25"
msgstr "25 februari 2024"

#. type: TH
#: fedora-rawhide
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "2023-04-01"
msgstr "1 april 2023"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-leap-15-6
#, no-wrap
msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.04"

#. type: TH
#: opensuse-tumbleweed
#, fuzzy, no-wrap
#| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7"
msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"