Adding upstream version 16.2.upstream/16.2

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

26 files changed, 4685 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/.gitignore b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5eb5085
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+/pg_test_fsync
+
+/tmp_check/
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/Makefile b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..631d0f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# src/bin/pg_test_fsync/Makefile
+
+PGFILEDESC = "pg_test_fsync - test various disk sync methods"
+PGAPPICON = win32
+
+subdir = src/bin/pg_test_fsync
+top_builddir = ../../..
+include $(top_builddir)/src/Makefile.global
+
+OBJS = \
+	$(WIN32RES) \
+	pg_test_fsync.o
+
+all: pg_test_fsync
+
+pg_test_fsync: $(OBJS) | submake-libpgport
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ $(LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS_EX) $(LIBS) -o $@$(X)
+
+install: all installdirs
+	$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) pg_test_fsync$(X) '$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/pg_test_fsync$(X)'
+
+installdirs:
+	$(MKDIR_P) '$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)'
+
+check:
+	$(prove_check)
+
+installcheck:
+	$(prove_installcheck)
+
+uninstall:
+	rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/pg_test_fsync$(X)'
+
+clean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	rm -f pg_test_fsync$(X) $(OBJS)
+	rm -rf tmp_check
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/meson.build b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaf65c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2022-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+test_fsync_sources = files(
+  'pg_test_fsync.c',
+)
+
+if host_system == 'windows'
+  test_fsync_sources += rc_bin_gen.process(win32ver_rc, extra_args: [
+    '--NAME', 'pg_test_fsync',
+    '--FILEDESC', 'pg_test_fsync - test various disk sync methods'])
+endif
+
+pg_test_fsync = executable('pg_test_fsync',
+  test_fsync_sources,
+  dependencies: [frontend_code],
+  kwargs: default_bin_args,
+)
+bin_targets += pg_test_fsync
+
+tests += {
+  'name': 'pg_test_fsync',
+  'sd': meson.current_source_dir(),
+  'bd': meson.current_build_dir(),
+  'tap': {
+    'tests': [
+      't/001_basic.pl',
+    ],
+  },
+}
+
+subdir('po', if_found: libintl)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/nls.mk b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/nls.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a507820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/nls.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# src/bin/pg_test_fsync/nls.mk
+CATALOG_NAME     = pg_test_fsync
+GETTEXT_FILES    = $(FRONTEND_COMMON_GETTEXT_FILES) pg_test_fsync.c
+GETTEXT_TRIGGERS = $(FRONTEND_COMMON_GETTEXT_TRIGGERS) die
+GETTEXT_FLAGS    = $(FRONTEND_COMMON_GETTEXT_FLAGS)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/pg_test_fsync.c b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/pg_test_fsync.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..435df8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/pg_test_fsync.c
@@ -0,0 +1,648 @@
+/*
+ *	pg_test_fsync.c
+ *		tests all supported fsync() methods
+ */
+
+#include "postgres_fe.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include "access/xlogdefs.h"
+#include "common/logging.h"
+#include "common/pg_prng.h"
+#include "getopt_long.h"
+
+/*
+ * put the temp files in the local directory
+ * unless the user specifies otherwise
+ */
+#define FSYNC_FILENAME	"./pg_test_fsync.out"
+
+#define XLOG_BLCKSZ_K	(XLOG_BLCKSZ / 1024)
+
+#define LABEL_FORMAT		"        %-30s"
+#define NA_FORMAT			"%21s\n"
+/* translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT */
+#define OPS_FORMAT			gettext_noop("%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n")
+#define USECS_SEC			1000000
+
+/* These are macros to avoid timing the function call overhead. */
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define START_TIMER \
+do { \
+	alarm_triggered = false; \
+	alarm(secs_per_test); \
+	gettimeofday(&start_t, NULL); \
+} while (0)
+#else
+/* WIN32 doesn't support alarm, so we create a thread and sleep there */
+#define START_TIMER \
+do { \
+	alarm_triggered = false; \
+	if (CreateThread(NULL, 0, process_alarm, NULL, 0, NULL) == \
+		INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) \
+		pg_fatal("could not create thread for alarm"); \
+	gettimeofday(&start_t, NULL); \
+} while (0)
+#endif
+
+#define STOP_TIMER	\
+do { \
+	gettimeofday(&stop_t, NULL); \
+	print_elapse(start_t, stop_t, ops); \
+} while (0)
+
+
+static const char *progname;
+
+static unsigned int secs_per_test = 5;
+static int	needs_unlink = 0;
+static char full_buf[DEFAULT_XLOG_SEG_SIZE],
+		   *buf,
+		   *filename = FSYNC_FILENAME;
+static struct timeval start_t,
+			stop_t;
+static sig_atomic_t alarm_triggered = false;
+
+
+static void handle_args(int argc, char *argv[]);
+static void prepare_buf(void);
+static void test_open(void);
+static void test_non_sync(void);
+static void test_sync(int writes_per_op);
+static void test_open_syncs(void);
+static void test_open_sync(const char *msg, int writes_size);
+static void test_file_descriptor_sync(void);
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+static void process_alarm(SIGNAL_ARGS);
+#else
+static DWORD WINAPI process_alarm(LPVOID param);
+#endif
+static void signal_cleanup(SIGNAL_ARGS);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
+static int	pg_fsync_writethrough(int fd);
+#endif
+static void print_elapse(struct timeval start_t, struct timeval stop_t, int ops);
+
+#define die(msg) pg_fatal("%s: %m", _(msg))
+
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	pg_logging_init(argv[0]);
+	set_pglocale_pgservice(argv[0], PG_TEXTDOMAIN("pg_test_fsync"));
+	progname = get_progname(argv[0]);
+
+	handle_args(argc, argv);
+
+	/* Prevent leaving behind the test file */
+	pqsignal(SIGINT, signal_cleanup);
+	pqsignal(SIGTERM, signal_cleanup);
+#ifndef WIN32
+	pqsignal(SIGALRM, process_alarm);
+#endif
+#ifdef SIGHUP
+	/* Not defined on win32 */
+	pqsignal(SIGHUP, signal_cleanup);
+#endif
+
+	pg_prng_seed(&pg_global_prng_state, (uint64) time(NULL));
+
+	prepare_buf();
+
+	test_open();
+
+	/* Test using 1 XLOG_BLCKSZ write */
+	test_sync(1);
+
+	/* Test using 2 XLOG_BLCKSZ writes */
+	test_sync(2);
+
+	test_open_syncs();
+
+	test_file_descriptor_sync();
+
+	test_non_sync();
+
+	unlink(filename);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+handle_args(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	static struct option long_options[] = {
+		{"filename", required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
+		{"secs-per-test", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
+		{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
+	};
+
+	int			option;			/* Command line option */
+	int			optindex = 0;	/* used by getopt_long */
+	unsigned long optval;		/* used for option parsing */
+	char	   *endptr;
+
+	if (argc > 1)
+	{
+		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
+		{
+			printf(_("Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"), progname);
+			exit(0);
+		}
+		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
+		{
+			puts("pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION);
+			exit(0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	while ((option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "f:s:",
+								 long_options, &optindex)) != -1)
+	{
+		switch (option)
+		{
+			case 'f':
+				filename = pg_strdup(optarg);
+				break;
+
+			case 's':
+				errno = 0;
+				optval = strtoul(optarg, &endptr, 10);
+
+				if (endptr == optarg || *endptr != '\0' ||
+					errno != 0 || optval != (unsigned int) optval)
+				{
+					pg_log_error("invalid argument for option %s", "--secs-per-test");
+					pg_log_error_hint("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.", progname);
+					exit(1);
+				}
+
+				secs_per_test = (unsigned int) optval;
+				if (secs_per_test == 0)
+					pg_fatal("%s must be in range %u..%u",
+							 "--secs-per-test", 1, UINT_MAX);
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				/* getopt_long already emitted a complaint */
+				pg_log_error_hint("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.", progname);
+				exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (argc > optind)
+	{
+		pg_log_error("too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")",
+					 argv[optind]);
+		pg_log_error_hint("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.", progname);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	printf(ngettext("%u second per test\n",
+					"%u seconds per test\n",
+					secs_per_test),
+		   secs_per_test);
+#if defined(O_DIRECT)
+	printf(_("O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"));
+#elif defined(F_NOCACHE)
+	printf(_("F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"));
+#else
+	printf(_("Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"));
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+prepare_buf(void)
+{
+	int			ops;
+
+	/* write random data into buffer */
+	for (ops = 0; ops < DEFAULT_XLOG_SEG_SIZE; ops++)
+		full_buf[ops] = (char) pg_prng_int32(&pg_global_prng_state);
+
+	buf = (char *) TYPEALIGN(XLOG_BLCKSZ, full_buf);
+}
+
+static void
+test_open(void)
+{
+	int			tmpfile;
+
+	/*
+	 * test if we can open the target file
+	 */
+	if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | PG_BINARY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)) == -1)
+		die("could not open output file");
+	needs_unlink = 1;
+	if (write(tmpfile, full_buf, DEFAULT_XLOG_SEG_SIZE) !=
+		DEFAULT_XLOG_SEG_SIZE)
+		die("write failed");
+
+	/* fsync now so that dirty buffers don't skew later tests */
+	if (fsync(tmpfile) != 0)
+		die("fsync failed");
+
+	close(tmpfile);
+}
+
+static int
+open_direct(const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode)
+{
+	int			fd;
+
+#ifdef O_DIRECT
+	flags |= O_DIRECT;
+#endif
+
+	fd = open(path, flags, mode);
+
+#if !defined(O_DIRECT) && defined(F_NOCACHE)
+	if (fd >= 0 && fcntl(fd, F_NOCACHE, 1) < 0)
+	{
+		int			save_errno = errno;
+
+		close(fd);
+		errno = save_errno;
+		return -1;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static void
+test_sync(int writes_per_op)
+{
+	int			tmpfile,
+				ops,
+				writes;
+	bool		fs_warning = false;
+
+	if (writes_per_op == 1)
+		printf(_("\nCompare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"), XLOG_BLCKSZ_K);
+	else
+		printf(_("\nCompare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"), XLOG_BLCKSZ_K);
+	printf(_("(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"));
+
+	/*
+	 * Test open_datasync if available
+	 */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "open_datasync");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+#ifdef O_DSYNC
+	if ((tmpfile = open_direct(filename, O_RDWR | O_DSYNC | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+	{
+		printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a*"));
+		fs_warning = true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		START_TIMER;
+		for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+		{
+			for (writes = 0; writes < writes_per_op; writes++)
+				if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+							  buf,
+							  XLOG_BLCKSZ,
+							  writes * XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+					die("write failed");
+		}
+		STOP_TIMER;
+		close(tmpfile);
+	}
+#else
+	printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a"));
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Test fdatasync if available
+ */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "fdatasync");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+		die("could not open output file");
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		for (writes = 0; writes < writes_per_op; writes++)
+			if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+						  buf,
+						  XLOG_BLCKSZ,
+						  writes * XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+				die("write failed");
+		fdatasync(tmpfile);
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+	close(tmpfile);
+
+/*
+ * Test fsync
+ */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "fsync");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+		die("could not open output file");
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		for (writes = 0; writes < writes_per_op; writes++)
+			if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+						  buf,
+						  XLOG_BLCKSZ,
+						  writes * XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+				die("write failed");
+		if (fsync(tmpfile) != 0)
+			die("fsync failed");
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+	close(tmpfile);
+
+/*
+ * If fsync_writethrough is available, test as well
+ */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "fsync_writethrough");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
+	if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+		die("could not open output file");
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		for (writes = 0; writes < writes_per_op; writes++)
+			if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+						  buf,
+						  XLOG_BLCKSZ,
+						  writes * XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+				die("write failed");
+		if (pg_fsync_writethrough(tmpfile) != 0)
+			die("fsync failed");
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+	close(tmpfile);
+#else
+	printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a"));
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Test open_sync if available
+ */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "open_sync");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+#ifdef O_SYNC
+	if ((tmpfile = open_direct(filename, O_RDWR | O_SYNC | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+	{
+		printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a*"));
+		fs_warning = true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		START_TIMER;
+		for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+		{
+			for (writes = 0; writes < writes_per_op; writes++)
+				if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+							  buf,
+							  XLOG_BLCKSZ,
+							  writes * XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+
+					/*
+					 * This can generate write failures if the filesystem has
+					 * a large block size, e.g. 4k, and there is no support
+					 * for O_DIRECT writes smaller than the file system block
+					 * size, e.g. XFS.
+					 */
+					die("write failed");
+		}
+		STOP_TIMER;
+		close(tmpfile);
+	}
+#else
+	printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a"));
+#endif
+
+	if (fs_warning)
+	{
+		printf(_("* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+				 "  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"));
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+test_open_syncs(void)
+{
+	printf(_("\nCompare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"));
+	printf(_("(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+			 "open_sync sizes.)\n"));
+
+	test_open_sync(_(" 1 * 16kB open_sync write"), 16);
+	test_open_sync(_(" 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"), 8);
+	test_open_sync(_(" 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"), 4);
+	test_open_sync(_(" 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"), 2);
+	test_open_sync(_("16 *  1kB open_sync writes"), 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test open_sync with different size files
+ */
+static void
+test_open_sync(const char *msg, int writes_size)
+{
+#ifdef O_SYNC
+	int			tmpfile,
+				ops,
+				writes;
+#endif
+
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, msg);
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+#ifdef O_SYNC
+	if ((tmpfile = open_direct(filename, O_RDWR | O_SYNC | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+		printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a*"));
+	else
+	{
+		START_TIMER;
+		for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+		{
+			for (writes = 0; writes < 16 / writes_size; writes++)
+				if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile,
+							  buf,
+							  writes_size * 1024,
+							  writes * writes_size * 1024) !=
+					writes_size * 1024)
+					die("write failed");
+		}
+		STOP_TIMER;
+		close(tmpfile);
+	}
+#else
+	printf(NA_FORMAT, _("n/a"));
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+test_file_descriptor_sync(void)
+{
+	int			tmpfile,
+				ops;
+
+	/*
+	 * Test whether fsync can sync data written on a different descriptor for
+	 * the same file.  This checks the efficiency of multi-process fsyncs
+	 * against the same file. Possibly this should be done with writethrough
+	 * on platforms which support it.
+	 */
+	printf(_("\nTest if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"));
+	printf(_("(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+			 "descriptor.)\n"));
+
+	/*
+	 * first write, fsync and close, which is the normal behavior without
+	 * multiple descriptors
+	 */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "write, fsync, close");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+			die("could not open output file");
+		if (write(tmpfile, buf, XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+			die("write failed");
+		if (fsync(tmpfile) != 0)
+			die("fsync failed");
+		close(tmpfile);
+
+		/*
+		 * open and close the file again to be consistent with the following
+		 * test
+		 */
+		if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+			die("could not open output file");
+		close(tmpfile);
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now open, write, close, open again and fsync This simulates processes
+	 * fsyncing each other's writes.
+	 */
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "write, close, fsync");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+			die("could not open output file");
+		if (write(tmpfile, buf, XLOG_BLCKSZ) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+			die("write failed");
+		close(tmpfile);
+		/* reopen file */
+		if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+			die("could not open output file");
+		if (fsync(tmpfile) != 0)
+			die("fsync failed");
+		close(tmpfile);
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+}
+
+static void
+test_non_sync(void)
+{
+	int			tmpfile,
+				ops;
+
+	/*
+	 * Test a simple write without fsync
+	 */
+	printf(_("\nNon-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"), XLOG_BLCKSZ_K);
+	printf(LABEL_FORMAT, "write");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if ((tmpfile = open(filename, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0)) == -1)
+		die("could not open output file");
+	START_TIMER;
+	for (ops = 0; alarm_triggered == false; ops++)
+	{
+		if (pg_pwrite(tmpfile, buf, XLOG_BLCKSZ, 0) != XLOG_BLCKSZ)
+			die("write failed");
+	}
+	STOP_TIMER;
+	close(tmpfile);
+}
+
+static void
+signal_cleanup(SIGNAL_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Delete the file if it exists. Ignore errors */
+	if (needs_unlink)
+		unlink(filename);
+	/* Finish incomplete line on stdout */
+	puts("");
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC_WRITETHROUGH
+
+static int
+pg_fsync_writethrough(int fd)
+{
+#ifdef WIN32
+	return _commit(fd);
+#elif defined(F_FULLFSYNC)
+	return (fcntl(fd, F_FULLFSYNC, 0) == -1) ? -1 : 0;
+#else
+	errno = ENOSYS;
+	return -1;
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * print out the writes per second for tests
+ */
+static void
+print_elapse(struct timeval start_t, struct timeval stop_t, int ops)
+{
+	double		total_time = (stop_t.tv_sec - start_t.tv_sec) +
+		(stop_t.tv_usec - start_t.tv_usec) * 0.000001;
+	double		per_second = ops / total_time;
+	double		avg_op_time_us = (total_time / ops) * USECS_SEC;
+
+	printf(_(OPS_FORMAT), per_second, avg_op_time_us);
+}
+
+#ifndef WIN32
+static void
+process_alarm(SIGNAL_ARGS)
+{
+	alarm_triggered = true;
+}
+#else
+static DWORD WINAPI
+process_alarm(LPVOID param)
+{
+	/* WIN32 doesn't support alarm, so we create a thread and sleep here */
+	Sleep(secs_per_test * 1000);
+	alarm_triggered = true;
+	ExitThread(0);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/LINGUAS b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/LINGUAS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cc8bed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/LINGUAS
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+cs de el es fr it ja ka ko pl pt_BR ru sv tr uk vi zh_CN zh_TW
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/cs.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/cs.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a654745
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/cs.po
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2018 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 11\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-07-13 19:47+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-07-13 23:50+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: \n"
+"Language-Team: \n"
+"Language: cs\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : "
+"2;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.7\n"
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:49
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create thread for alarm\n"
+msgstr "Nelze vytvořit thread pro alarm\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Použití: %s [-f SOUBOR] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:178 pg_test_fsync.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr "Zkuste \"%s --help\" pro více informací.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"%s: příliš mnoho argumentů v příkazové řádce (první je \"%s\")\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d sekund per test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[2] "%d seconds per test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:200
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and "
+"open_sync.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O_DIRECT podporováno na této platformě pro open_datasync a "
+"open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direct I/O není na této platformě podporováno.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:227 pg_test_fsync.c:292 pg_test_fsync.c:316
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:339 pg_test_fsync.c:480 pg_test_fsync.c:492
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:508 pg_test_fsync.c:514 pg_test_fsync.c:539
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "nelze otevřít výstupní soubor"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:231 pg_test_fsync.c:273 pg_test_fsync.c:298
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:322 pg_test_fsync.c:345 pg_test_fsync.c:383
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:441 pg_test_fsync.c:482 pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:541
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "zápis selhal"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:235 pg_test_fsync.c:324 pg_test_fsync.c:347
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:484 pg_test_fsync.c:516
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync selhal"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Srovnání sync metod souboru pomocí jednoho %dkB zápisu:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Srovnání sync metod souboru pomocí dvou %dkB zápisů:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's "
+"default)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(v pořadí dle wal_sync_method, s výjimkou že fdatasync je výchozí na "
+"Linuxu)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:263 pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:432
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:275 pg_test_fsync.c:301 pg_test_fsync.c:326
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:349 pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:443
+msgid "seek failed"
+msgstr "nastavení pozice (seek) selhalo"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:281 pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:354
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:391 pg_test_fsync.c:449
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Tento souborový systém a jeho mount volby nepodporují direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 v journaled módu.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Srovnání open_sync s různými velikostmi zápisů:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different "
+"write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Toto je navrženo pro srovnání ceny zápisu 16kB s různými "
+"velikostmi\n"
+"zápisů open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:408
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:409
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:410
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:411
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:412
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:465
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Testuje zda fsync funguje na non-write file descriptoru:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:466
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a "
+"different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Pokud jsou výsledky podobné, fsync() může synchronizovat data\n"
+"zapsaná na různých descriptorech.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:531
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s\n"
+msgstr "%s: %s\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/de.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/de.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..906080e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/de.po
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+# German message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017-2022 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-11 15:51+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-11 22:41+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: German <pgsql-translators@postgresql.org>\n"
+"Language: de\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "Fehler: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "Warnung: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "Detail: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "Tipp: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "  %13.3f Op./s  %6.0f µs/Op.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "konnte Thread für Alarm nicht erzeugen"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Aufruf: %s [-f DATEINAME] [-s SEK-PRO-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges Argument für Option %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Versuchen Sie »%s --help« für weitere Informationen."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s muss im Bereich %u..%u sein"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "zu viele Kommandozeilenargumente (das erste ist »%s«)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u Sekunde pro Test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u Sekunden pro Test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT wird auf dieser Plattform für open_datasync und open_sync unterstützt.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE wird auf dieser Plattform für open_datasync und open_sync unterstützt.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direct-I/O wird auf dieser Plattform nicht unterstützt.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "konnte Ausgabedatei nicht öffnen"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "Schreiben fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Vergleich von Datei-Sync-Methoden bei einem Schreibvorgang aus %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Vergleich von Datei-Sync-Methoden bei zwei Schreibvorgängen aus je %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(in Rangordnung von wal_sync_method, außer dass fdatasync auf Linux Standard ist)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "entf.*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "entf."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Dieses Dateisystem und die Mount-Optionen unterstützen kein Direct-I/O,\n"
+"  z.B. ext4 im Journaled-Modus.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Vergleich von open_sync mit verschiedenen Schreibgrößen:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Damit werden die Kosten für das Schreiben von 16kB in verschieden Größen mit\n"
+"open_sync verglichen.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync schreiben"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync schreiben"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync schreiben"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync schreiben"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync schreiben"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Probe ob fsync auf einem anderen Dateideskriptor funktioniert:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Wenn die Zeiten ähnlich sind, dann kann fsync() auf einem anderen Deskriptor\n"
+"geschriebene Daten syncen.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nicht gesynctes Schreiben von %dkB:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/el.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/el.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cd3771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/el.po
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# Greek message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2021 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# Georgios Kokolatos <gkokolatos@pm.me>, 2021
+#
+#
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-04-14 09:21+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-04-14 14:41+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Georgios Kokolatos <gkokolatos@pm.me>\n"
+"Language-Team: \n"
+"Language: el\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.2.2\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "σφάλμα: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "προειδοποίηση: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "λεπτομέρεια: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "υπόδειξη: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "δεν ήταν δυνατή η δημιουργία νήματος για ειδοποίηση"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Χρήση: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "μη έγκυρη παράμετρος για την επιλογή %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Δοκιμάστε «%s --help» για περισσότερες πληροφορίες."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s πρέπει να βρίσκεται εντός εύρους %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "πάρα πολλές παράμετροι εισόδου από την γραμμή εντολών (η πρώτη είναι η «%s»)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u δευτερόλεπτο ανά τεστ\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u δευτερόλεπτα ανά τεστ\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT υποστηρίζεται σε αυτήν την πλατφόρμα για open_datasync και open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE υποστηρίζεται σε αυτήν την πλατφόρμα για open_datasync και open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Άμεσο I/O δεν υποστηρίζεται σε αυτήν την πλατφόρμα.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "δεν ήταν δυνατό το άνοιγμα αρχείου εξόδου"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "απέτυχε η εγγραφή"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync απέτυχε"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Συγκρίνετε τις μεθόδους συγχρονισμού αρχείων χρησιμοποιώντας μία εγγραφή %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Συγκρίνετε τις μεθόδους συγχρονισμού αρχείων χρησιμοποιώντας δύο εγγραφές %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(με wal_sync_method σειρά προτίμησης, εκτός από fdatasync είναι η προεπιλογή σε Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Αυτό το σύστημα αρχείων και οι επιλογές  προσάρτησής του δεν υποστηρίζουν\n"
+"  άμεσο I/O, π.χ. ext4 σε λειτουργία journal.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Συγκρίνετε open_sync με διαφορετικά μεγέθη εγγραφής:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Αυτό έχει σχεδιαστεί για να συγκρίνει το κόστος της γραφής 16kB σε διαφορετικά\n"
+"μεγέθη open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync εγγραφή"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync εγγραφές"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync εγγραφές"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync εγγραφές"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync εγγραφές"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Ελέγξτε εάν τηρείται το fsync σε μη-εγγράψιμο περιγραφέα αρχείων:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Εάν οι χρόνοι είναι παρόμοιοι, το fsync() μπορεί να συγχρονίσει δεδομένα εγγεγραμμένα\n"
+"σε διαφορετικό περιγραφέα.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Μη-συγχρονισμένες %dkB εγγραφές:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/es.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/es.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b522bdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/es.po
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# Spanish message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2017-2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+#
+# Carlos Chapi <carloswaldo@babelruins.org>, 2017, 2021.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 16\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-05-22 07:22+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-22 12:06+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Carlos Chapi <carloswaldo@babelruins.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: PgSQL-es-Ayuda <pgsql-es-ayuda@lists.postgresql.org>\n"
+"Language: es\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.3\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "error: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "precaución: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "detalle: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "consejo: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/seg  %6.0f usegs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "no se pudo crear el thread para la alarma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Empleo: %s [-f ARCHIVO] [-s SEG-POR-PRUEBA]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "argumento no válido para la opción %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Pruebe «%s --help» para mayor información."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s debe estar en el rango %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "demasiados argumentos en la línea de órdenes (el primero es «%s»)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u segundo por prueba\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u segundos por prueba\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT tiene soporte en esta plataforma para open_datasync y open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE tiene soporte en esta plataforma para open_datasync y open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direct I/O no está soportado en esta plataforma.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:335 pg_test_fsync.c:357
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:381 pg_test_fsync.c:525 pg_test_fsync.c:537
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:553 pg_test_fsync.c:559 pg_test_fsync.c:581
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "no se pudo abrir el archivo de salida"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:344
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:390 pg_test_fsync.c:429
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:488 pg_test_fsync.c:527 pg_test_fsync.c:555
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:586
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "escritura falló"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:392
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:561
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync falló"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparar métodos de sincronización de archivos usando una escritura de %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparar métodos de sincronización de archivos usando dos escrituras de %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(en orden de preferencia de wal_sync_method, excepto en Linux donde fdatasync es el predeterminado)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:409 pg_test_fsync.c:476
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:397 pg_test_fsync.c:435
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:494
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Este sistema de archivos con sus opciones de montaje no soportan\n"
+"  Direct I/O, e.g. ext4 en modo journal.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparar open_sync con diferentes tamaños de escritura:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Esto está diseñado para comparar el costo de escribir 16kB en diferentes\n"
+"tamaños de escrituras open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB escritura open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB escrituras open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:454
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB escrituras open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:455
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB escrituras open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB escrituras open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Probar si se respeta fsync en un descriptor de archivo que no es de escritura:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Si los tiempos son similares, fsync() puede sincronizar datos escritos\n"
+"en un descriptor diferente.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escrituras de %dkB no sincronizadas:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/fr.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/fr.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfedfe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/fr.po
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017-2022 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+#
+# Use these quotes: « %s »
+#
+# Guillaume Lelarge <guillaume@lelarge.info>, 2017-2022.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PostgreSQL 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-14 10:20+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-14 17:17+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Guillaume Lelarge <guillaume@lelarge.info>\n"
+"Language-Team: French <guillaume@lelarge.info>\n"
+"Language: fr\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.0.1\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "erreur : "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "attention : "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "détail : "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "astuce : "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "n'a pas pu créer un thread pour l'alarme"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s : %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Usage: %s [-f NOMFICHIER] [-s SECS-PAR-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "argument invalide pour l'option %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Essayez « %s --help » pour plus d'informations."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s doit être compris entre %u et %u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "trop d'arguments en ligne de commande (le premier étant « %s »)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u seconde par test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u secondes par test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT supporté sur cette plateforme pour open_datasync et open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE supporté sur cette plateforme pour open_datasync et open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direct I/O n'est pas supporté sur cette plateforme.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "n'a pas pu ouvrir le fichier en sortie"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "échec en écriture"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "échec de la synchronisation (fsync)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparer les méthodes de synchronisation de fichier en utilisant une écriture de %d Ko :\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparer les méthodes de synchronisation de fichier sur disque en utilisant deux écritures de %d Ko :\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(dans l'ordre de préférence de wal_sync_method, sauf fdatasync qui est la valeur par défaut sous Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Ce système de fichiers et ses options de montage ne supportent pas les\n"
+"  I/O directes, par exemple ext4 en journalisé.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Comparer open_sync avec différentes tailles d'écriture :\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Ceci est conçu pour comparer le coût d'écriture de 16 Ko dans différentes tailles\n"
+"d'écritures open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16 Ko, écriture avec open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 * 8 Ko, écriture avec open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 * 4 Ko, écriture avec open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 * 2 Ko, écriture avec open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 16 * 1 Ko, écriture avec open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Teste si fsync est honoré sur un descripteur de fichiers sans écriture :\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Si les temps sont similaires, fsync() peut synchroniser sur disque les données écrites sur\n"
+"un descripteur différent.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"%d Ko d'écritures non synchronisées :\n"
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "%s : %s\n"
+
+#~ msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+#~ msgstr "%s : trop d'arguments en ligne de commande (le premier étant « %s »)\n"
+
+#, c-format
+#~ msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+#~ msgstr "Essayez « %s --help » pour plus d'informations.\n"
+
+#~ msgid "seek failed"
+#~ msgstr "seek échoué"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/it.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/it.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c381e27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/it.po
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2022 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, 2022.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-09-26 08:21+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-09-30 14:56+0200\n"
+"Language: it\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
+"Last-Translator: Domenico Sgarbossa <sgarbossa.domenico@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: \n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.3\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "errore:"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "avvertimento: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "dettaglio: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "suggerimento: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f operazioni/sec %6.0f operazioni/sec\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile creare thread per l'allarme"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Utilizzo: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "argomento non valido per l'opzione %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Prova \"%s --help\" per maggiori informazioni."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s deve essere compreso nell'intervallo %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "troppi argomenti della riga di comando (il primo è \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u secondo per test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u secondi per test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT supportato su questa piattaforma per open_datasync e open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE supportato su questa piattaforma per open_datasync e open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "L'I/O diretto non è supportato su questa piattaforma.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire il file di output"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "scrittura fallita"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync non è riuscito"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Confronta i metodi di sincronizzazione dei file utilizzando una scrittura di %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Confronta i metodi di sincronizzazione dei file utilizzando due scritture %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(nell'ordine di preferenza wal_sync_method, tranne che fdatasync è l'impostazione predefinita di Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Questo file system e le sue opzioni di montaggio non supportano Direct\n"
+"  I/O, ad es. ext4 in modalità journal.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Confronta open_sync con diverse dimensioni di scrittura:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Questo è progettato per confrontare il costo di scrittura di 16kB in diverse scritture\n"
+"dimensioni open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16 kB di scrittura open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8 kB di scritture open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *   4kB di scrittura open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *   2kB di scritture open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB di scrittura open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Verifica se fsync sul descrittore di file non di scrittura è rispettato:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Se i tempi sono simili, fsync() può sincronizzare i dati scritti su un altro\n"
+"descrittore.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"%dkB non sincronizzato scrive:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ja.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ja.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b775b3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ja.po
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2022 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL 16)\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-07-14 10:48+0900\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-10 15:25+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Michihide Hotta <hotta@net-newbie.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: \n"
+"Language: ja\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.13\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "エラー: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "警告: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "詳細: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "ヒント: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f 操作/秒  %6.0f マイクロ秒/操作\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "アラーム用のスレッドを生成できませんでした"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "使用法: %s [-f ファイル名] [-s テストあたりの秒数]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "オプション%sの引数が不正です"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "詳細は\"%s --help\"を実行してください。"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%sは%u..%uの範囲でなければなりません"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "コマンドライン引数が多すぎます。(先頭は\"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "テスト１件あたり %u秒\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "このプラットフォームでは open_datasync と open_sync について O_DIRECT がサポートされています。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "このプラットフォームでは open_datasync と open_sync について F_NOCACHE がサポートされています。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "このプラットフォームではダイレクト I/O がサポートされていません。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "出力ファイルをオープンできませんでした"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "書き込みに失敗"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync に失敗"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"１個の %dkB write を使ってファイル同期メソッドを比較します:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"２個の %dkB write を使ってファイル同期メソッドを比較します:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "（wal_sync_method の指定順の中で、Linux のデフォルトである fdatasync は除きます）\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "利用不可*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "利用不可"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* このファイルシステムとそのマウントオプションではダイレクト I/O をサポート\n"
+"  していません。例）ジャーナルモードの ext4。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"open_sync を異なった write サイズで比較します:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(これは open_sync の write サイズを変えながら、16kB write のコストを\n"
+"比較するよう指定されています。)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"書き込みなしのファイルディスクリプタ上の fsync の方が優れているかをテストします:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"（もし実行時間が同等であれば、fsync() は異なったファイルディスクリプタ上で\n"
+"データを sync できることになります。）\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"%dkB の sync なし write:\n"
+
+#~ msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+#~ msgstr "\"%s --help\" で詳細を確認してください。\n"
+
+#~ msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+#~ msgstr "%s: コマンドライン引数が多すぎます（先頭は \"%s\"）\n"
+
+#~ msgid "seek failed"
+#~ msgstr "seek 失敗"
+
+#~ msgid "%s: %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "%s: %s\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ka.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ka.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b151f70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ka.po
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+# Georgian message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2022 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# Temuri Doghonadze <temuri.doghonadze@gmail.com>, 2022.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-07-02 04:51+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-07-05 05:20+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Temuri Doghonadze <temuri.doghonadze@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Georgian <nothing>\n"
+"Language: ka\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.1\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "შეცდომა: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "გაფრთხილება: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "დეტალები: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "მინიშნება: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ოპ/წმ  %6.0f მკწმ/ოპ\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "გაფრთხილების ძაფის შექმნა შეუძლებელია"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "გამოყენება: %s [-f ფაილისსახელი] [-s წამიტესტი]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "არასწორი არგუმენტი პარამეტრისთვის: %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "მეტი ინფორმაციისთვის სცადეთ '%s --help'."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s- %u-დან %u-მდე დიაპაზონში უნდა იყოს"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "მეტისმეტად ბევრი ბრძანების-სტრიქონის არგუმენტი (პირველია \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u second per test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u seconds per test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "ამ პლატფორმაზე O_DIRECT მხარდაჭერილია open_datasync და open_sync-სთვის.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "ამ პლატფორმაზე F_NOCACHE მხარდაჭერილია open_datasync და open_sync-სთვის.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "DIRECT I/O ამ პლატფორმაზე მხარდაჭერილი არაა.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "გამოტანის ფაილის გახსნის შეცდომა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "ჩაწერის შეცდომა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync-ის შეცდომა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"სინქრნიზაციის მეთოდების შედარება ერთი %dკბ ჩაწერით:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"სინქრნიზაციის მეთოდების შედარება ორი %dკბ ჩაწერით:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(wal_sync_method -ის რჩეული მიმდევრობით, fdatasync-ის გარდა, რომელიც ლინუქსზე ნაგულისხმებია)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* ამ ფაილურ სისტემას და მის მიმაგრების პარამეტრებს პირდაპირი შეტანა/გამოტანის\n"
+"მხარდაჭერა არ გააჩნიათ. მაგ: ext4 ჟურნალის მხარდაჭერით.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"open_sync-ის შედარება ჩაწერის სხვაფასხვა ზომებით:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(განკუთვნილია 16კბ-ის ჩაწერის ფასის გასარკვევად \n"
+"open_sync-ის სხვადსხვა ზომების დროს.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16კბ open_sync ჩაწერა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8კბ open_sync ჩაწერა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4კბ open_sync ჩაწერა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2კბ open_sync ჩაწერა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1კბ open_sync ჩაწერა"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"შემოწმება, ხდება თუ არა fsync ფაილის მითითებით, რომელიც კთხვისთვისაა გახსნილი.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(თუ დროები ჰგვანან, fsync()-ს შეუძლია მონაცემების სინქრონიზაცია,\n"
+"რომელიც სხვა დესკრიპტორით ჩაიწერა)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"არასინქრონიზებული %dკბ ჩაწერები:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ko.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ko.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d26cbae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ko.po
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+# Ioseph Kim <ioseph@uri.sarang.net>, 2017.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 16\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-09-07 05:52+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-05-30 12:39+0900\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ioseph Kim <ioseph@uri.sarang.net>\n"
+"Language-Team: Korean <pgsql-kr@postgresql.kr>\n"
+"Language: ko\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "오류: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "경고: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "상세정보: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "힌트: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "알람용 쓰레드를 만들 수 없음"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "사용법: %s [-f 파일이름] [-s 검사초]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "%s 옵션의 잘못된 인자"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "자세한 사항은 \"%s --help\" 명령으로 살펴보세요."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s 값은 %u부터 %u까지 지정할 수 있습니다."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "너무 많은 명령행 인자를 지정했습니다. (처음 \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "검사 간격: %u초\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"이 플랫폼에서는 open_datasync, open_sync 에서 O_DIRECT 옵션을 지원함.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"이 플랫폼에서는 open_datasync, open_sync 에서 F_NOCACHE 옵션을 지원함.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "이 플랫폼은 direct I/O 기능을 지원하지 않음.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:335 pg_test_fsync.c:357
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:381 pg_test_fsync.c:525 pg_test_fsync.c:537
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:553 pg_test_fsync.c:559 pg_test_fsync.c:581
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "출력 파일을 열 수 없음"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:344
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:390 pg_test_fsync.c:429
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:488 pg_test_fsync.c:527 pg_test_fsync.c:555
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:586
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "쓰기 실패"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:392
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:561
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync 실패"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"하나의 %dkB 쓰기에 대한 파일 싱크 방법 비교:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"두개의 %dkB 쓰기에 대한 파일 싱크 방법 비교:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(fdatasync가 리눅스 기본값이기에 제외하고, wal_sync_method 우선으로 처리 "
+"함)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:409 pg_test_fsync.c:476
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:397 pg_test_fsync.c:435
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:494
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* 이 파일 시스템과 마운트 옵션이 direct I/O 기능을 지원하지 않음\n"
+"  예: journaled mode에서 ext4\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"서로 다른 쓰기량으로 open_sync 비교:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(서로 다른 크기로 16kB를 쓰는데, open_sync 옵션을 사용할 때의 비용 비교)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync 쓰기"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 * 8kB open_sync 쓰기"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:454
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 * 4kB open_sync 쓰기"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:455
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 * 2kB open_sync 쓰기"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 * 1kB open_sync 쓰기"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"쓰기 방지 파일에서 fsync 작동 여부 검사:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(이 값이 비슷하다면, fsync() 호출로 여러 파일 상태에 대해서 sync를 사용\n"
+"할 수 있음.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync %dkB 쓰기:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/meson.build b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46d0ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2022-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+nls_targets += [i18n.gettext('pg_test_fsync-' + pg_version_major.to_string())]
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pl.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pl.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1554043
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pl.po
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+# grzegorz <begina.felicysym@wp.eu>, 2017.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 10\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-03-14 17:46+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-03-14 19:29+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: grzegorz <begina.felicysym@wp.eu>\n"
+"Language-Team: begina.felicysym@wp.eu\n"
+"Language: pl\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
+"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot create thread for alarm\n"
+msgstr "Nie da się utworzyć wątku dla alarmu\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:152
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Składnia: %s [-f NAZWAPLIKU] [-s SEK-NA-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:176 pg_test_fsync.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr "Użyj \"%s --help\" aby uzyskać więcej informacji.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+msgstr "%s: za duża ilość parametrów (pierwszy to \"%s\")\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:193
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr "%d sekund na test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT wspierane na tej platformie dla open_datasync i open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Bezpośrednie We/Wy nie jest wspierane na tej platformie.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:222 pg_test_fsync.c:286 pg_test_fsync.c:310
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:333 pg_test_fsync.c:474 pg_test_fsync.c:486
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:502 pg_test_fsync.c:508 pg_test_fsync.c:533
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "nie można otworzyć pliku wyjścia"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:225 pg_test_fsync.c:267 pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:316 pg_test_fsync.c:339 pg_test_fsync.c:377
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:435 pg_test_fsync.c:476 pg_test_fsync.c:504
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:535
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "niepowodzenie zapisu"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:229 pg_test_fsync.c:318 pg_test_fsync.c:341
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:478 pg_test_fsync.c:510
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "niepowodzenie fsync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Porównanie metod sync plików używając jednego zapisu %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Porównanie metod sync plików używając dwóch zapisów %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:246
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(w porząsku preferencji wal_sync_method, poza fdatasync domyślną na "
+"Linuksie)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:257 pg_test_fsync.c:360 pg_test_fsync.c:426
+msgid "n/a*\n"
+msgstr "nd.*\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:269 pg_test_fsync.c:295 pg_test_fsync.c:320
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:343 pg_test_fsync.c:379 pg_test_fsync.c:437
+msgid "seek failed"
+msgstr "niepowodzenie pozycjonowania"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:275 pg_test_fsync.c:300 pg_test_fsync.c:348
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:443
+msgid "n/a\n"
+msgstr "nd.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:390
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Ten system plików i jego opcje systemowe mount nie obsługują\n"
+"  bezpośredniego We/Wy, np. ext4 trybie dziennikowym.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:398
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Porównanie open_sync z różnymi długościami zapisu:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:399
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Zaprojektowano to dla porównanie kosztów zapisu 16kB w różnych \n"
+"długościach zapisu open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:402
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB zapis open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:403
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB zapis open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:404
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB zapis open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:405
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB zapis open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:406
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB zapis open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Test czy jest honorowany fsync na niezapisywalnym deskryptorze pliku:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Jeśli czasy są podobne, fsync() może sync dane zapisane na innym\n"
+"deskryptorze.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nie-syncowane zapisy %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:602
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s\n"
+msgstr "%s: %s\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pt_BR.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pt_BR.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e75dcd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/pt_BR.po
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# Brazilian Portuguese message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2023 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+#
+# Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com>, 2023-2024.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PostgreSQL 16\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-02 13:02-0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-09-27 18:50-0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <pgsql-translators@postgresql.org>\n"
+"Language: pt_BR\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n>1);\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "erro: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "aviso: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "detalhe: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "dica: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/seg  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "não pôde criar thread para alarme"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Uso: %s [-f ARQUIVO] [-s SEGS-POR-TESTE]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "argumento inválido para opção %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Tente \"%s --help\" para obter informações adicionais."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s deve estar no intervalo de %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "muitos argumentos de linha de comando (primeiro é \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u segundo por teste\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u segundos por teste\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT suportado nesta plataforma para open_datasync e open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE suportado nesta plataforma para open_datasync e open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direct I/O não é suportado nesta plataforma.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:335 pg_test_fsync.c:357
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:381 pg_test_fsync.c:525 pg_test_fsync.c:537
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:553 pg_test_fsync.c:559 pg_test_fsync.c:581
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "não pôde abrir arquivo de saída"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:344
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:390 pg_test_fsync.c:429
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:488 pg_test_fsync.c:527 pg_test_fsync.c:555
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:586
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "escrita falhou"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:392
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:561
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync falhou"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Compara métodos de sincronização de arquivos utilizando uma escrita de %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Compara métodos de sincronização de arquivos utilizando duas escritas de %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(em ordem de preferência do wal_sync_method, exceto fdatasync que é o padrão do Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:409 pg_test_fsync.c:476
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:397 pg_test_fsync.c:435
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:494
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Este sistema de arquivos e suas opções de montagem não suportam\n"
+"  direct I/O, e.g. ext4 em modo journal.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Compara open_sync com diferentes tamanhos de escrita:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Isso é projetado para comparar o custo de escrita de 16jB em diferentes tamanhos\n"
+"de escrita com open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * escrita de 16kB open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  escritas de 8kB open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:454
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  escritas de 4kB open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:455
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  escritas de 2kB open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  escritas de 1kB open_sync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Testar se o fsync em um descritor de arquivo sem escrita é respeitado:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Se os tempos são similares, fsync() pode sincronizar dados escritos em um\n"
+"descritor diferente.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Escritas de %dkB não sincronizadas:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ru.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ru.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ee354d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/ru.po
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+# Russian message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+# Alexander Lakhin <a.lakhin@postgrespro.ru>, 2017, 2021, 2022.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 10\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-08-28 07:59+0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-09-05 13:36+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Alexander Lakhin <exclusion@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <pgsql-ru-general@postgresql.org>\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && "
+"n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "ошибка: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "предупреждение: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "подробности: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "подсказка: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f оп/с     %6.0f мкс/оп\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "не удалось создать поток для обработки сигналов"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Использование: %s [-f ИМЯ_ФАЙЛА ] [-s ТЕСТ_СЕК]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "недопустимый аргумент параметра %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Для дополнительной информации попробуйте \"%s --help\"."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "значение %s должно быть в диапазоне %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "слишком много аргументов командной строки (первый: \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "на тест отводится %u сек.\n"
+msgstr[1] "на тест отводится %u сек.\n"
+msgstr[2] "на тест отводится %u сек.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O_DIRECT на этой платформе не поддерживается для open_datasync и open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"F_NOCACHE на этой платформе поддерживается для open_datasync и open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Прямой ввод/вывод не поддерживается на этой платформе.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:335 pg_test_fsync.c:357
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:381 pg_test_fsync.c:525 pg_test_fsync.c:537
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:553 pg_test_fsync.c:559 pg_test_fsync.c:581
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "не удалось открыть выходной файл"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:344
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:390 pg_test_fsync.c:429
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:488 pg_test_fsync.c:527 pg_test_fsync.c:555
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:586
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "ошибка записи"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:392
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:561
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "ошибка синхронизации с ФС"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Сравнение методов синхронизации файлов при однократной записи %d КБ:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Сравнение методов синхронизации файлов при двухкратной записи %d КБ:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(в порядке предпочтения для wal_sync_method, без учёта наибольшего "
+"предпочтения fdatasync в Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:409 pg_test_fsync.c:476
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "н/д*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:397 pg_test_fsync.c:435
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:494
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "н/д"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Эта файловая система с текущими параметрами монтирования не поддерживает\n"
+"  прямой ввод/вывод, как например, ext4 в режиме журналирования.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Сравнение open_sync при различных объёмах записываемых данных:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Этот тест предназначен для сравнения стоимости записи 16 КБ при разных "
+"размерах\n"
+"записи с open_sync.)\n"
+
+# skip-rule: double-space
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr "запись с open_sync  1 * 16 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "запись с open_sync  2 *  8 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:454
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "запись с open_sync  4 *  4 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:455
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "запись с open_sync  8 *  2 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "запись с open_sync 16 *  1 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Проверка, производится ли fsync с указателем файла, открытого не для "
+"записи:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Если длительность примерно одинаковая, fsync() может синхронизировать "
+"данные,\n"
+"записанные через другой дескриптор.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Несинхронизированная запись %d КБ:\n"
+
+#~ msgid "seek failed"
+#~ msgstr "ошибка позиционирования"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/sv.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/sv.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45f059e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/sv.po
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+# Swedish message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PostgreSQL package.
+# Dennis Björklund <db@zigo.dhs.org>, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PostgreSQL 15\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-09 18:51+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-05-09 21:44+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dennis Björklund <db@zigo.dhs.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: Swedish <pgsql-translators@postgresql.org>\n"
+"Language: sv\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "fel: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "varning: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "detalj: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "tips: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sek  %6.0f useks/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa alarmtråd"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Användning: %s [-f FILENAMN] [-s SEK-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt argument för flaggan %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Försök med \"%s --help\" för mer information."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s måste vara i intervallet %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "för många kommandoradsargument (första är \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u sekund per test\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u sekunder per test\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT stöds på denna plattform för open_datasync och open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE stöds på denna plattform för open_datasync och open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Direkt I/O stöds inte på denna plattform.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna utdatafil"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "skrivning misslyckades"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync misslyckades"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Jämför filsynkningsmetoder genom att använda en %dkB-skrivning:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Jämför filsynkningsmetoder genom att använda två %dkB-skrivningar:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(i wal_sync_method inställningsordning, förutom att fdatasync är standard i Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "ej tillämpbar*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "ej tillämpbar"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Detta filsystem och dess monteringsflaffor stöder inte\n"
+"  direkt I/O, t.ex. ext4 i journalläge.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Jämför open_sync med olika skrivstorlekar:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Detta är gjort för att jämföra kostnaden att skriva 16kB med olika\n"
+"open_sync skrivstorlekar.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync skrivning"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync skrivningar"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync skrivningar"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync skrivningar"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync skrivningar"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Testa om fsync på en icke skrivbar fildeskriptor respekteras:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Om tiderna är liknande, så kan fsync() synka data skriven på\n"
+"olika deskriptorer.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Icke-synkade %dkB-skrivningar:\n"
+
+#, c-format
+#~ msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+#~ msgstr "Försök med \"%s --help\" för mer information.\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/tr.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/tr.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12f0e28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/tr.po
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2017 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, 2017.
+# Abdullah GÜLNER <agulner@gmail.com>, 2017, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 10\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-11-28 12:46+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-11-28 17:01+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Abdullah Gülner\n"
+"Language-Team: Turkish <ceviri@postgresql.org.tr>\n"
+"Language: tr\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.7.1\n"
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:49
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create thread for alarm\n"
+msgstr "Alarm için thread oluşturulamadı\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Kullanımı: %s [-f DOSYAADI] [-s TEST-BASINA-SANIYE]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:178 pg_test_fsync.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr "Daha fazla bilgi için \"%s --help\" yazın\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+msgstr "%s: Çok fazla komut satırı girdisi var (ilki \"%s\")\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "test başına %d saniye\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:200
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "Bu  platformda open_datasync ve open_sync için O_DIRECT destekleniyor.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Doğrudan I/O bu platformda desteklenmiyor.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:227 pg_test_fsync.c:292 pg_test_fsync.c:316
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:339 pg_test_fsync.c:480 pg_test_fsync.c:492
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:508 pg_test_fsync.c:514 pg_test_fsync.c:539
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "çıktı dosyası açılamadı"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:231 pg_test_fsync.c:273 pg_test_fsync.c:298
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:322 pg_test_fsync.c:345 pg_test_fsync.c:383
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:441 pg_test_fsync.c:482 pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:541
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "yazma başarısız oldu"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:235 pg_test_fsync.c:324 pg_test_fsync.c:347
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:484 pg_test_fsync.c:516
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync başarısız oldu"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Dosya sync yöntemlerini bir %dkB yazma kullanarak karşılaştır\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Dosya sync yöntemlerini iki %dkB yazma kullanarak karşılaştır\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(wal_sync_method tercih sırasında,  fdatadync'in Linux'un varsayılanı olması dışında)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:263 pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:432
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a* (uygulanamaz)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:275 pg_test_fsync.c:301 pg_test_fsync.c:326
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:349 pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:443
+msgid "seek failed"
+msgstr "arama başarıız oldu"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:281 pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:354
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:391 pg_test_fsync.c:449
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a (uygulanamaz)"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Bu dosya sistemi ve bağlama (mount) seçenekleri doğrudan I/O\n"
+" desteklemiyor, örn: günlüklü modda ext4.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"open_sync ile farklı yazma boyutlarını kıyaslayın\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Bu, farklı write open-sync boyutlarında 16kB yazma maliyetini karşılaştırmak\n"
+"için tasarlanmıştır.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:408
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync yazma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:409
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 * 8kB open_sync yazma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:410
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 * 4kB open_sync yazma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:411
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 * 2kB open_sync yazma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:412
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 * 1kB open_sync yazma"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:465
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:466
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Zamanlar benzerse, fsync() farklı bir tanımlayıcıda (descriptor) yazılmış veriyi\n"
+"senkronize edebilir.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:531
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"sync edilmemiş %dkB yazma:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s\n"
+msgstr "%s: %s\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/uk.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/uk.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00a789b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/uk.po
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: postgresql\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-08-12 10:51+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-09-13 11:52\n"
+"Last-Translator: \n"
+"Language-Team: Ukrainian\n"
+"Language: uk_UA\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=((n%10==1 && n%100!=11) ? 0 : ((n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <=4 && (n%100 < 12 || n%100 > 14)) ? 1 : ((n%10 == 0 || (n%10 >= 5 && n%10 <=9)) || (n%100 >= 11 && n%100 <= 14)) ? 2 : 3));\n"
+"X-Crowdin-Project: postgresql\n"
+"X-Crowdin-Project-ID: 324573\n"
+"X-Crowdin-Language: uk\n"
+"X-Crowdin-File: /REL_15_STABLE/pg_test_fsync.pot\n"
+"X-Crowdin-File-ID: 886\n"
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "помилка: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "попередження: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "деталі: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "підказка: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f оп/с     %6.0f мкс/оп\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "не вдалося створити потік для сигналізації"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Використання: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "неприпустимий аргумент для параметру %s"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "Спробуйте \"%s --help\" для додаткової інформації."
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s має бути в діапазоні %u..%u"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "забагато аргументів у командному рядку (перший \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%u секунда на тест\n"
+msgstr[1] "%u секунди на тест\n"
+msgstr[2] "%u секунд на тест\n"
+msgstr[3] "%u секунд на тест\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT на цій платформі підтримується для open_datasync і open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "F_NOCACHE підтримується на цій платформі для open_datasync і open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "Пряме введення/виведення не підтримується на цій платформі.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:336 pg_test_fsync.c:361
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:557 pg_test_fsync.c:563 pg_test_fsync.c:585
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "неможливо відкрити файл виводу"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:345
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:370 pg_test_fsync.c:394 pg_test_fsync.c:433
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:492 pg_test_fsync.c:531 pg_test_fsync.c:559
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:590
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "записування не вдалося"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:372 pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533 pg_test_fsync.c:565
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "помилка fsync"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid "\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Порівнювання методів синхронізації файлу, використовуючи один запис %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Порівнювання методів синхронізації файлу, використовуючи два записи %dkB: \n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(в порядку переваги для wal_sync_method, окрім переваги fdatasync в Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:413 pg_test_fsync.c:480
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "н/д*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:401
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:439 pg_test_fsync.c:498
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "н/д"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr "* Ця файлова система з поточними параметрами монтування не підтримує\n"
+"  пряме введення/виведення, наприклад, ext4 в режимі журналювання.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+#, c-format
+msgid "\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Порівняння open_sync з різними розмірами записування:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid "(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr "(Це створено для порівняння вартості запису 16 КБ з різними розмірами\n"
+"записування open_sync.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " запис з open_sync 1 * 16 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:457
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " запис з open_sync 2 *  8 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:458
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " запис з open_sync 4 *  4 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:459
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " запис з open_sync 8 *  2 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:460
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "запис з open_sync 16 *  1 КБ"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:514
+#, c-format
+msgid "\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Перевірка, чи здійснюється fsync з дескриптором файлу, відкритого не для запису:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr "(Якщо час однаковий, fsync() може синхронізувати дані, записані іншим дескриптором.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr "\n"
+"Несинхронізований запис %d КБ:\n"
+
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/vi.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/vi.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32a5b54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/vi.po
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2018 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <kakalot49@gmail.com>, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 11\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-04-22 12:17+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-04-30 00:47+0900\n"
+"Language-Team: <pgvn_translators@postgresql.vn>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.6\n"
+"Last-Translator: Dang Minh Huong <kakalot49@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language: vi_VN\n"
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:30
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f thao tác/giây  %6.0f micro giây/thao tác\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:49
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create thread for alarm\n"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo luồng sử dụng cho alarm\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "Cách sử dụng: %s [-f TÊN FILE] [-s SỐ GIÂY CHO MỘT KIỂM TRA]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:178 pg_test_fsync.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr "Hãy thử \"%s --help\" để biết thêm thông tin.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"
+msgstr "%s: quá nhiều đối số cho câu lệnh (đầu tiên là \"%s\")\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d giây cho mỗi kiểm tra\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:200
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "O_DIRECT được hỗ trợ trên hệ điều hành này cho open_datasync và open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "I/O trực tiếp không được hỗ trợ trên hệ điều hành này.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:227 pg_test_fsync.c:292 pg_test_fsync.c:316
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:339 pg_test_fsync.c:480 pg_test_fsync.c:492
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:508 pg_test_fsync.c:514 pg_test_fsync.c:539
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "không thể mở tập tin đầu ra"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:231 pg_test_fsync.c:273 pg_test_fsync.c:298
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:322 pg_test_fsync.c:345 pg_test_fsync.c:383
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:441 pg_test_fsync.c:482 pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:541
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "viết không thành công"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:235 pg_test_fsync.c:324 pg_test_fsync.c:347
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:484 pg_test_fsync.c:516
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "đồng bộ không thành công"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"So sánh các phương pháp đồng bộ hóa tệp sử dụng viết một %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"So sánh các phương pháp đồng bộ hóa tệp sử dụng viết hai %dkB:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(theo thứ tự ưu tiên tham số wal_sync_method, ngoại trừ fdatasync là mặc định của Linux)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:263 pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:432
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "không khả dụng*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:275 pg_test_fsync.c:301 pg_test_fsync.c:326
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:349 pg_test_fsync.c:385 pg_test_fsync.c:443
+msgid "seek failed"
+msgstr "seek lỗi"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:281 pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:354
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:391 pg_test_fsync.c:449
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "không khả dụng"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* Hệ thống tệp này và tùy chọn mount không hỗ trợ I/O trực tiếp\n"
+"  ví dụ: ext4 trong chế độ journaled.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:404
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"So sánh open_sync với các kích thước ghi khác nhau:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Điều này được thiết kế để so sánh cost của việc viết 16kB trong các \n"
+"kích thước open_sync khác nhau.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:408
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:409
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:410
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:411
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:412
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:465
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Kiểm tra xem fsync trên tệp descrtiptor không ghi có tốt không:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:466
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"(Nếu số lần là tương đương, fsync() có thể đồng bộ dữ liệu được ghi ở \n"
+"descriptor khác.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:531
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Viết %dkB không sync:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s\n"
+msgstr "%s: %s\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_CN.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_CN.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6331efd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_CN.po
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+# LANGUAGE message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2019 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <zhangjie2@cn.fujitsu.com>, 2019.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 12\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-05-22 17:56+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-05-31 18:00+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jie Zhang <zhangjie2@cn.fujitsu.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese (Simplified) <zhangjie2@cn.fujitsu.com>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:31
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "用法: %s [-f 文件名] [-s 每次测试的秒数]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:181 pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr "请用 \"%s --help\" 获取更多的信息.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:197
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%d seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "%d 每次测试的秒数\n"
+msgstr[1] "%d 每次测试的秒数\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "在此平台上，O_DIRECT支持open_datasync和open_sync.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:204
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "此平台不支持直接I/O.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:229 pg_test_fsync.c:294 pg_test_fsync.c:318
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:341 pg_test_fsync.c:482 pg_test_fsync.c:494
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510 pg_test_fsync.c:516 pg_test_fsync.c:541
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "无法打开输出文件"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:233 pg_test_fsync.c:275 pg_test_fsync.c:300
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:324 pg_test_fsync.c:347 pg_test_fsync.c:385
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:443 pg_test_fsync.c:484 pg_test_fsync.c:512
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:543
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "写入失败"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:237 pg_test_fsync.c:326 pg_test_fsync.c:349
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:486 pg_test_fsync.c:518
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync失败"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"使用一个%dkB写操作比较文件同步方法:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"使用两个%dkB写操作比较文件同步方法:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(按照wal_sync_method首选顺序，fdatasync是Linux的默认值除外)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:265 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:434
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:277 pg_test_fsync.c:303 pg_test_fsync.c:328
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:351 pg_test_fsync.c:387 pg_test_fsync.c:445
+msgid "seek failed"
+msgstr "查找失败"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:283 pg_test_fsync.c:308 pg_test_fsync.c:356
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:393 pg_test_fsync.c:451
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:398
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"* 此文件系统及其安装选项不支持直接I/O\n"
+"  例如. ext4 在 journaled 模式.\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:406
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"在不同的写入大小的情况下比较open_sync:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:407
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr "这是为了比较在写入不同的open_sync大小的情况下写入16kB的时间花费\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:410
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync写入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:411
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync写入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:412
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync写入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:413
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync写入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:414
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync写入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:467
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"测试是否支持非写文件描述符上的fsync:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:468
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr "(如果时间相似，fsync()可以同步写在不同描述符上的数据.)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"不同步的写入 %dkB :\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_TW.po b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_TW.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a78535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/po/zh_TW.po
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+# Traditional Chinese message translation file for pg_test_fsync
+# Copyright (C) 2023 PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) package.
+# Zhenbang Wei <znbang@gmail.com>, 2023.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: pg_test_fsync (PostgreSQL) 16\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@lists.postgresql.org\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-09-11 20:52+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-11-06 08:49+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Zhenbang Wei <znbang@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: \n"
+"Language: zh_TW\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 3.4.1\n"
+
+# libpq/be-secure.c:294 libpq/be-secure.c:387
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "error: "
+msgstr "錯誤: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "warning: "
+msgstr "警告: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "detail: "
+msgstr "詳細內容: "
+
+#: ../../../src/common/logging.c:301
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: "
+msgstr "提示: "
+
+#. translator: maintain alignment with NA_FORMAT
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:32
+#, c-format
+msgid "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+msgstr "%13.3f ops/sec  %6.0f usecs/op\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create thread for alarm"
+msgstr "無法為警報建立執行緒"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:95
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %m"
+msgstr "%s: %m"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "Usage: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+msgstr "用法: %s [-f FILENAME] [-s SECS-PER-TEST]\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid argument for option %s"
+msgstr "選項 %s 的參數無效"
+
+# tcop/postgres.c:2636 tcop/postgres.c:2652
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:186 pg_test_fsync.c:198 pg_test_fsync.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "Try \"%s --help\" for more information."
+msgstr "用 \"%s --help\" 取得更多資訊。"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s must be in range %u..%u"
+msgstr "%s 必須在範圍 %u..%u 內"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")"
+msgstr "命令列參數過多(第一個是 \"%s\")"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "%u second per test\n"
+msgid_plural "%u seconds per test\n"
+msgstr[0] "每個測試 %u 秒\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "O_DIRECT supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "此平臺的 open_datasync 和 open_sync 支援 O_DIRECT。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:218
+#, c-format
+msgid "F_NOCACHE supported on this platform for open_datasync and open_sync.\n"
+msgstr "此平臺的 open_datasync 和 open_sync 支援 F_NOCACHE。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "Direct I/O is not supported on this platform.\n"
+msgstr "此平臺不支援直接 I/O。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:245 pg_test_fsync.c:335 pg_test_fsync.c:357
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:381 pg_test_fsync.c:525 pg_test_fsync.c:537
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:553 pg_test_fsync.c:559 pg_test_fsync.c:581
+msgid "could not open output file"
+msgstr "無法開啟輸出檔"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:249 pg_test_fsync.c:319 pg_test_fsync.c:344
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:366 pg_test_fsync.c:390 pg_test_fsync.c:429
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:488 pg_test_fsync.c:527 pg_test_fsync.c:555
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:586
+msgid "write failed"
+msgstr "寫入失敗"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:253 pg_test_fsync.c:368 pg_test_fsync.c:392
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:529 pg_test_fsync.c:561
+msgid "fsync failed"
+msgstr "fsync 失敗"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:292
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using one %dkB write:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"比較使用一個 %dkB 寫入的檔案同步方式:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare file sync methods using two %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"比較使用兩個 %dkB 寫入的檔案同步方式:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "(in wal_sync_method preference order, except fdatasync is Linux's default)\n"
+msgstr "(按照 wal_sync_method 的優先順序，除了 fdatasync 是 Linux 的預設選項)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:306 pg_test_fsync.c:409 pg_test_fsync.c:476
+msgid "n/a*"
+msgstr "n/a*"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:325 pg_test_fsync.c:397 pg_test_fsync.c:435
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:494
+msgid "n/a"
+msgstr "n/a"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"* This file system and its mount options do not support direct\n"
+"  I/O, e.g. ext4 in journaled mode.\n"
+msgstr "* 這個檔案系統及其掛載選項不支援直接 I/O，例如 ext4 的日誌模式。\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Compare open_sync with different write sizes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"比較使用不同寫入大小的 open_sync:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:449
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(This is designed to compare the cost of writing 16kB in different write\n"
+"open_sync sizes.)\n"
+msgstr "(這是為了比較在不同的 open_sync 寫入大小下寫入 16kB 的成本而設計的。)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:452
+msgid " 1 * 16kB open_sync write"
+msgstr " 1 * 16kB open_sync 寫入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:453
+msgid " 2 *  8kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 2 *  8kB open_sync 寫入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:454
+msgid " 4 *  4kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 4 *  4kB open_sync 寫入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:455
+msgid " 8 *  2kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr " 8 *  2kB open_sync 寫入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:456
+msgid "16 *  1kB open_sync writes"
+msgstr "16 *  1kB open_sync 寫入"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Test if fsync on non-write file descriptor is honored:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"測試 fsync 非寫入檔案描述符是否被尊重:\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"(If the times are similar, fsync() can sync data written on a different\n"
+"descriptor.)\n"
+msgstr "(如果時間相近，fsync() 可以同步被寫入不同描述符的資料。)\n"
+
+#: pg_test_fsync.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Non-sync'ed %dkB writes:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"不使用同步的 %dkB 寫入:\n"
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/t/001_basic.pl b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/t/001_basic.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..401ad2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bin/pg_test_fsync/t/001_basic.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Utils;
+use Test::More;
+
+#########################################
+# Basic checks
+
+program_help_ok('pg_test_fsync');
+program_version_ok('pg_test_fsync');
+program_options_handling_ok('pg_test_fsync');
+
+#########################################
+# Test invalid option combinations
+
+command_fails_like(
+	[ 'pg_test_fsync', '--secs-per-test', 'a' ],
+	qr/\Qpg_test_fsync: error: invalid argument for option --secs-per-test\E/,
+	'pg_test_fsync: invalid argument for option --secs-per-test');
+command_fails_like(
+	[ 'pg_test_fsync', '--secs-per-test', '0' ],
+	qr/\Qpg_test_fsync: error: --secs-per-test must be in range 1..4294967295\E/,
+	'pg_test_fsync: --secs-per-test must be in range');
+
+done_testing();